scholarly journals Using Unsupervised Machine Learning to Identify Age- and Sex-Independent Severity Subgroups among COVID-19 Patients in the Emergency Department (Preprint)

10.2196/25988 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Benito-León ◽  
Mª Dolores del Castillo ◽  
Alberto Estirado ◽  
Ritwik Ghosh ◽  
Souvik Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Using Unsupervised Machine Learning to Identify Severity Subgroups Among COVID-19 Patients in the Emergency Department (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Benito-León ◽  
Mª Dolores del Castillo ◽  
Alberto Estirado ◽  
Ritwik Ghosh ◽  
Souvki Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Cluster Assignment ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Monocytes And Lymphocytes

BACKGROUND Early detection and intervention are the key factors for improving outcomes in COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To detect severity subgroups among COVID-19 patients, based only on clinical data and standard laboratory tests obtained during the assessment at the emergency department. METHODS We applied unsupervised machine learning to a dataset of 853 COVID-19 patients from HM hospitals in Spain. RESULTS From a total of 850 variables, four tests, the serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and the number of neutrophils, were enough to segregate the entire patient pool into three separate clusters. Further, the percentage of monocytes and lymphocytes and the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) distinguished the cluster 3 from the other two clusters. The cluster 1 was characterized by the higher mortality rate and higher levels of AST, ALT, LDH, CRP and number of neutrophils, and low percentage of monocytes and lymphocytes. The cluster 2 included patients with a moderate mortality rate and medium levels of the previous laboratory determinations. The cluster 3 was characterized by the lower mortality rate and lower levels of AST, ALT, LDH, CRP and number of neutrophils, and higher percentage of monocytes and lymphocytes. Age, sex, comorbidities, and vital signs did not allow us to separate the three clusters. An online cluster assignment tool can be found at https://g-nec.car.upm-csic.es/COVID19-severity-group-assessment/. CONCLUSIONS A few standard laboratory tests, deemed to be available in all emergency departments, have shown far discriminative power for characterization of severity subgroups among COVID-19 patients.

Mol2vec: Unsupervised Machine Learning Approach with Chemical Intuition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Jaeger ◽  
Simone Fulle ◽  
Samo Turk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Representations ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Vector Representations

Inspired by natural language processing techniques we here introduce Mol2vec which is an unsupervised machine learning approach to learn vector representations of molecular substructures. Similarly, to the Word2vec models where vectors of closely related words are in close proximity in the vector space, Mol2vec learns vector representations of molecular substructures that are pointing in similar directions for chemically related substructures. Compounds can finally be encoded as vectors by summing up vectors of the individual substructures and, for instance, feed into supervised machine learning approaches to predict compound properties. The underlying substructure vector embeddings are obtained by training an unsupervised machine learning approach on a so-called corpus of compounds that consists of all available chemical matter. The resulting Mol2vec model is pre-trained once, yields dense vector representations and overcomes drawbacks of common compound feature representations such as sparseness and bit collisions. The prediction capabilities are demonstrated on several compound property and bioactivity data sets and compared with results obtained for Morgan fingerprints as reference compound representation. Mol2vec can be easily combined with ProtVec, which employs the same Word2vec concept on protein sequences, resulting in a proteochemometric approach that is alignment independent and can be thus also easily used for proteins with low sequence similarities.

Analysis of the Bath Motion in the MM-SQC Dynamics Using Unsupervised Machine Learning Dimensionality Reduction Approaches: Principal Component Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Peng ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
Deping Hu ◽  
Zhenggang Lan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Collective Motion ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Nonadiabatic Dynamics ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Physical Knowledge ◽  
Vibronic Couplings

The system-plus-bath model is an important tool to understand nonadiabatic dynamics for large molecular systems. The understanding of the collective motion of a huge number of bath modes is essential to reveal their key roles in the overall dynamics. We apply the principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate the bath motion based on the massive data generated from the MM-SQC (symmetrical quasi-classical dynamics method based on the Meyer-Miller mapping Hamiltonian) nonadiabatic dynamics of the excited-state energy transfer dynamics of Frenkel-exciton model. The PCA method clearly clarifies that two types of bath modes, which either display the strong vibronic couplings or have the frequencies close to electronic transition, are very important to the nonadiabatic dynamics. These observations are fully consistent with the physical insights. This conclusion is obtained purely based on the PCA understanding of the trajectory data, without the large involvement of pre-defined physical knowledge. The results show that the PCA approach, one of the simplest unsupervised machine learning methods, is very powerful to analyze the complicated nonadiabatic dynamics in condensed phase involving many degrees of freedom.

scholarly journals Eye-blink artifact removal from single channel EEG with k-means and SSA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Maddirala ◽  
Kalyana C Veluvolu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Singular Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Blink Artifact

AbstractIn recent years, the usage of portable electroencephalogram (EEG) devices are becoming popular for both clinical and non-clinical applications. In order to provide more comfort to the subject and measure the EEG signals for several hours, these devices usually consists of fewer EEG channels or even with a single EEG channel. However, electrooculogram (EOG) signal, also known as eye-blink artifact, produced by involuntary movement of eyelids, always contaminate the EEG signals. Very few techniques are available to remove these artifacts from single channel EEG and most of these techniques modify the uncontaminated regions of the EEG signal. In this paper, we developed a new framework that combines unsupervised machine learning algorithm (k-means) and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) technique to remove eye blink artifact without modifying actual EEG signal. The novelty of the work lies in the extraction of the eye-blink artifact based on the time-domain features of the EEG signal and the unsupervised machine learning algorithm. The extracted eye-blink artifact is further processed by the SSA method and finally subtracted from the contaminated single channel EEG signal to obtain the corrected EEG signal. Results with synthetic and real EEG signals demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over the existing methods. Moreover, the frequency based measures [the power spectrum ratio ($$\Gamma $$ Γ ) and the mean absolute error (MAE)] also show that the proposed method does not modify the uncontaminated regions of the EEG signal while removing the eye-blink artifact.

Evaluation of caridean ecological distribution in the Ubatuba region, southeastern Brazilian coast using unsupervised machine learning technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Oliveira Marques ◽  
Aline Nonato Sousa ◽  
Veronica Pereira Bernardes ◽  
Camila Hipolito Bernardo ◽  
Danielle Monique Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Machine Learning Technique ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Technique

scholarly journals 180 The role of social constructs in placental insufficiency outcomes: an unsupervised machine learning approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. S121-S122
Author(s):  
Ramamurthy Siripuram ◽  
Nathan R. Blue ◽  
Robert M. Silver ◽  
William A. Grobman ◽  
Uma M. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Machine Learning Approach
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