scholarly journals Systematic review of e-health interventions to address sexual health, substance use and mental health among men who have sex with men: synthesis of process evaluations (Preprint)

10.2196/22477 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Meiksin ◽  
GJ Melendez-Torres ◽  
Jane Falconer ◽  
T Charles Witzel ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Process Evaluations

scholarly journals Systematic review of e-health interventions to address sexual health, substance use and mental health among men who have sex with men: synthesis of process evaluations (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Meiksin ◽  
GJ Melendez-Torres ◽  
Jane Falconer ◽  
T Charles Witzel ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Process Evaluations

BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) face disproportionate risks in relation to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, substance use and common mental illnesses. Interacting to worsen overall health, these outcomes constitute a syndemic among MSM and interventions addressing all three together could have multiplicative effects. E-health interventions offer a means to access prevention privately and evidence suggests these can effectively address these three health outcomes in general populations. It is not clear what factors affect how useable, accessible or acceptable e-health interventions are for MSM and whether these differ across interventions addressing different outcomes; no previous reviews have looked at questions of implementation or synthesised evidence across interventions addressing these different outcomes. OBJECTIVE We undertook a systematic review of e-health interventions addressing sexual risk, substance use and common mental illnesses among MSM and synthesised evidence from process evaluations. METHODS We searched 19 databases, three clinical trials registers, Open Grey and Google. Searches were supplemented by reference-checking and requests from experts. Eligible reports reported on e-health interventions offering ongoing support to MSM and aiming to prevent sexual risk, substance use, and/or anxiety or depression; and assessed how delivery or receipt of these interventions varied with characteristics of interventions, providers, participants and/or setting. Reviewers screened citations on title and abstract then full text. Reviewers assessed study quality and extracted data from eligible reports on intervention and study characteristics and on process evaluation findings. Analysis followed a meta-ethnographic approach and used thematic synthesis methods. RESULTS Twelve reports on ten studies of eight interventions were eligible for the process synthesis. Most addressed sexual risk alone or in combination with other outcomes. Studies were of medium and high reliability but tended to lack depth and breadth. Intervention acceptability was enhanced by: ease of use; privacy protection; use of diverse media; opportunities for self-reflection and to gain knowledge and skills; and content that was clear, interactive, tailored, reflective of MSM’s experiences and affirming of sexual-minority identity. Technical issues and interventions that were too long detracted from acceptability. Some evidence suggested that acceptability varied by race/ethnicity and level of education; findings on variation by socioeconomic status were mixed. No studies explored how intervention delivery or receipt varied by provider characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that e-health interventions targeting sexual risk, substance use and mental health are acceptable for MSM across sociodemographic groups. Our synthesis identified factors shaping MSM’s receipt of such interventions, highlighting the importance of tailored content reflecting MSM’s experiences and of language affirming sexual-minority identities. Findings from this synthesis can inform the development, piloting and process evaluations of integrated e-health interventions to address the syndemic of sexual risk, substance use and mental ill health among MSM. CLINICALTRIAL Protocol registered on PROSPERO in September 2018 (CRD42018110317)

scholarly journals Theories of change for e-health interventions targeting HIV/STIs and sexual risk, substance use and mental ill health amongst men who have sex with men: systematic review and synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Meiksin ◽  
G. J. Melendez-Torres ◽  
Jane Falconer ◽  
T. Charles Witzel ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Report Quality ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Theories Of Change

Abstract Background Sexual risk, substance use, and mental ill health constitute a syndemic of co-occurring, mutually reinforcing epidemics amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). Developed since 1995, e-health interventions offer accessible, anonymous support and can be effective in addressing these outcomes, suggesting the potential value of developing e-health interventions that address these simultaneously amongst MSM. We conducted a systematic review of e-health interventions addressing one or more of these outcomes amongst MSM and in this paper describe the theories of change underpinning relevant interventions, what these offer and how they might complement each other. Methods We identified eligible reports via expert requests, reference-checking and database and Google searches. Results were screened for reports published in 1995 or later; focused on MSM; reporting on e-health interventions providing ongoing support to prevent HIV/STIs, sexual risk behaviour, substance use, anxiety or depression; and describing intervention theories of change. Reviewers assessed report quality, extracted intervention and theory of change data, and developed a novel method of synthesis using diagrammatic representations of theories of change. Results Thirty-three reports on 22 intervention theories of change were included, largely of low/medium-quality. Inductively grouping these theories according to their core constructs, we identified three distinct groupings of theorised pathways. In the largest, the ‘cognitive/skills’ grouping, interventions provide information and activities which are theorised to influence behaviour via motivation/intention and self-efficacy/perceived control. In the ‘self-monitoring’ grouping, interventions are theorised to trigger reflection, self-reward/critique and self-regulation. In the ‘cognitive therapy’ grouping, the theory of change is rooted in cognitive therapy techniques, aiming to reframe negative emotions to improve mental health. Conclusions The synthesised theories of change provide a framework for developing e-health interventions that might holistically address syndemic health problems amongst MSM. Improving reporting on theories of change in primary studies of e-health interventions would enable a better understanding of how they are intended to work and the evidence supporting this. The novel diagrammatic method of theory of change synthesis used here could be used for future reviews where interventions are driven by existing well-defined behaviour and behaviour change theories. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018110317

Associations Between Physical Distancing and Mental Health, Sexual Health and Technology Use Among Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W. Holloway ◽  
Alex Garner ◽  
Diane Tan ◽  
Ayako Miyashita Ochoa ◽  
Glen Milo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Esmaeelzadeh ◽  
John Moraros ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Yelena Bird
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The U.S

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada. Methods: The following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect. Results: A total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54–3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23–2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09–1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19–1.49). Conclusion: This study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.

scholarly journals The impact of online group counselling programs on substance use, mental health, and physical health among adults: A systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L Currie ◽  
Richard Larouche ◽  
M. L. Voss ◽  
Erin K. Higa ◽  
Rae Spiwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Group Counselling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Online Group

Abstract Background: COVID-19 has resulted in an increased demand for online mental health services globally. There is emerging evidence for the efficacy for group online interventions that support population-based mental health, but a systematic review is lacking. The primary objective of this rapid systematic review is to summarize the evidence for online group counselling programs for adults. A second objective is to assess, within studies selected for our primary objective, the impact of online group counselling programs that encourage PA on outcomes compared to those that do not.Methods and Design: Randomized controlled trials that assess the impact of online group counselling programs on substance use, mental health, or physical health among community dwelling adults will be searched in MEDLINE, PsycInfo, CINHAL, and the Central Register of Controlled Trials. The review will be structured using PRISMA guidelines. Studies will be synthesized using the Cochrane Handbook and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline. Quality will be evaluated using GRADE. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool; with higher quality studies prioritized when drawing conclusions. The role of sex and gender will be considered as well as possible gender biases at all stages of the review.Discussion: This review will examine the effectiveness of online counselling programs that can be delivered to populations in a group format, and thus in a potentially cost-effective way. Findings will inform the decisions of governments, communities, and health care organizations responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Systematic review registration: The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020187551).

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