scholarly journals Effectiveness of Exergaming in Improving Cognitive and Physical Function in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: Systematic Review

10.2196/16841 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e16841
Author(s):  
Yinan Zhao ◽  
Hui Feng ◽  
Xinyin Wu ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Xiufen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Gaming Environment

Background Individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia have impaired physical and cognitive functions, leading to a reduced quality of life compared with those without such impairment. Exergaming, which is defined as a combination of exercise and gaming, is an innovative, fun, and relatively safe way to exercise in a virtual reality or gaming environment. Therefore, exergaming may help people living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia to overcome obstacles that they may experience regarding regular exercise and activities. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to review studies on exergaming interventions administered to elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and to summarize the results related to physical and cognitive functions such as balance, gait, executive function, and episodic memory. Methods We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Amed, and Nursing Database for articles published from the inception of the respective databases to January 2019. We included all clinical trials of exergaming interventions in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia for review. The risk of bias was independently evaluated by two reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tools. Results Ten studies involving 702 participants were included for review. There was consistent evidence from 7 studies with a low risk of bias showing statistically significant effects of exergaming on cognitive functioning in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. With respect to physical function, 3 of 5 full-scale studies found positive results, and the intensity of most games was classified as moderate. Conclusions Overall, exergaming is an innovative tool for improving physical and cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, although there is high heterogeneity among studies in terms of the duration, frequency, and gaming platform used. The quality of the included articles was moderate to high. More high-quality studies with more accurate outcome indicators are needed for further exploration and validation of the benefits of exergaming for this population.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Exergaming in Improving Cognitive and Physical Function in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinan Zhao ◽  
Hui Feng ◽  
Xinyin Wu ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Xiufen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Gaming Environment

BACKGROUND Individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia have impaired physical and cognitive functions, leading to a reduced quality of life compared with those without such impairment. Exergaming, which is defined as a combination of exercise and gaming, is an innovative, fun, and relatively safe way to exercise in a virtual reality or gaming environment. Therefore, exergaming may help people living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia to overcome obstacles that they may experience regarding regular exercise and activities. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to review studies on exergaming interventions administered to elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and to summarize the results related to physical and cognitive functions such as balance, gait, executive function, and episodic memory. METHODS We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Amed, and Nursing Database for articles published from the inception of the respective databases to January 2019. We included all clinical trials of exergaming interventions in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia for review. The risk of bias was independently evaluated by two reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tools. RESULTS Ten studies involving 702 participants were included for review. There was consistent evidence from 7 studies with a low risk of bias showing statistically significant effects of exergaming on cognitive functioning in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. With respect to physical function, 3 of 5 full-scale studies found positive results, and the intensity of most games was classified as moderate. CONCLUSIONS Overall, exergaming is an innovative tool for improving physical and cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, although there is high heterogeneity among studies in terms of the duration, frequency, and gaming platform used. The quality of the included articles was moderate to high. More high-quality studies with more accurate outcome indicators are needed for further exploration and validation of the benefits of exergaming for this population.

scholarly journals Relationship between hormonal contraceptives and sleep among women of reproductive age: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e045819
Author(s):  
Jinhui Ma ◽  
Megan Cheng ◽  
Lehana Thabane ◽  
Caihong Ma ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

IntroductionThe aetiology of sleep disruptions is unknown, but hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and menopause have been shown to potentially affect how well a woman sleeps. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether hormonal contraceptives are associated with a decreased quality of sleep and increased sleep duration in women of reproductive age.MethodsThis review will analyse data from randomised controlled trials or non-randomised comparative studies investigating the association between hormonal contraceptives and sleep outcomes among women of reproductive age. Reviews addressing the same research question with similar eligibility criteria will be included. A literature search will be performed using the MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from inception to 7 March 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias for Randomised Trials V.2.0 and The Risk of Bias for Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool will be used to assess risk of bias for each outcome in eligible studies. Two reviewers will independently assess eligibility of studies and risk of bias and extract the data. All extracted data will be presented in tables and narrative form. For sleep measures investigated by two or more studies with low heterogeneity, we will conduct random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the magnitude of the overall effect of hormonal contraceptives. If studies included in this systematic review form a connected network, a network meta-analysis will be conducted to estimate the comparative effect of different contraceptives. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach will be used to summarise the quality of evidence. Our protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as data were sourced from previously reported studies. The findings of this review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020199958.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ROOT RESORPTION ASSOCIATED WITH TOOTH MOVEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW”

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Ajit Vikram Parihar ◽  
Shishupal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Force ◽  
Nite Element

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the available evidence of root resorption during orthodontic treatment with different force systems using nite element analysis. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched for literature till June 2021 : Pro-Quest Dissertation Abstracts and Thesis database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, US National Library of Medicine, and National Research Register. Root resorption studied under orthodontic forces, which simulated under various technique of nite element method (3D FEM) models were included in the study. The selected studies were assessed for the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The “trafc plot” and “weighted plot” risk of bias distribution were designed using the ROBVIS tool. The authors extracted and analyzed the data. Results: Fourteen studies fullled the inclusion criteria. The risks of biases were high for all studies.Data on quantity and direction of force applied, different type of root morphology and its various surface inuence on root resorption were extracted. The outcomes of the included studies were heterogeneous. Conclusion: Based on the current available literature, for reducing root resorption the excessive force may accelerate root resorption when it exceeds the typical human capillary blood pressure. Root resorption occurs more when extrusion/intrusion and tipping occur than when teeth actually move. A tooth with little or no orthodontic force load hardly shows any root resorption compared to one that has orthodontic force.

scholarly journals Key elements of interventions for heart failure patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Louise Hickman ◽  
Caleb Ferguson ◽  
Patricia M Davidson ◽  
Sabine Allida ◽  
Sally Inglis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Heart Failure Patients

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to (a) examine the effects of interventions delivered by a heart failure professional for mild cognitive impairment and dementia on cognitive function, memory, working memory, instrumental activities of daily living, heart failure knowledge, self-care, quality of life and depression; and (b) identify the successful elements of these strategies for heart failure patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Methods and results: During March 2018, an electronic search of databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO was conducted. All randomised controlled trials, which examined an intervention strategy to help heart failure patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia cope with self-care, were included. An initial search yielded 1622 citations, six studies were included ( N= 595 participants, mean age 68 years). There were no significant improvements in cognitive function and depression. However, significant improvements were seen in memory ( p=0.015), working memory ( p=0.029) and instrumental activities of daily living ( p=0.006). Nurse led interventions improved the patient’s heart failure knowledge ( p=0.001), self-care ( p<0.05) and quality of life ( p=0.029). Key elements of these interventions include brain exercises, for example, syllable stacks, individualised assessment and customised education, personalised self-care schedule development, interactive problem-solving training on scenarios and association techniques to prompt self-care activities. Conclusions: Modest evidence for nurse led interventions among heart failure patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia was identified. These results must be interpreted with caution in light of the limited number of available included studies.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking and Root Filled Teeth Extraction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera ◽  
Juan J. Segura-Egea ◽  
María C. Jiménez-Sánchez ◽  
Victoria Areal-Quecuty ◽  
Benito Sánchez-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Negative Prognostic Factor ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Teeth Extraction

Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the possible association between smoking habits and the occurrence of root-filled teeth (RFT) extraction. Material and Methods: The Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) question was in adult patients who had RFT, does the absence or presence of smoking habits affect the prevalence of extracted RFT? Systematic MEDLINE/PubMed, Wiley Online Database, Web of Science, and PRISMA protocol was used to evaluate and present the results. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used for certainty in the evidence. The risk of bias was assessed according to Cochrane Collaboration common scheme for bias and ROBINS-I tool. Cumulative meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model. PROSPERO registration code: CRD42020165279. Results: After search strategy, 571 articles were recovered, seven were selected for full-text analysis, and two reported data on inclusion criteria, including 516 RFT, 351 in non-smokers, and 165 in smoker subjects. The meta-analysis provided an odds ratio indicating significant association between smoking and the prevalence of extracted RFT (OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.17–10.05, p = 0.02, I² = 64%). The certainty of the literature assessment was low per GRADE. Both studies were considered as moderate risk of bias. Conclusions: Tobacco smoking should be considered a negative prognostic factor for the outcome of root canal treatment, although the quality of the evidence is low. RFT of smoking patients are three times more likely to be extracted. Continuing to smoke after endodontic treatment may increase the risk of treatment failure. However, the overall strength of evidence is low. This must be considered a limitation of the present study and the conclusion should be valued with caution.

scholarly journals Effects of moxibustion on symptoms of mild cognitive impairment: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e033910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Lin-Peng Wang ◽  
Gui-Ling Wang ◽  
Jing-Qing Sun ◽  
Xue-Wen Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Text Database

IntroductionMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered the intermediate phase between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Moxibustion has gained increased popularity for the management of MCI in China.This study aimed to evaluate the effects and safety of moxibustion on symptoms of MCI.Methods and analysisFour English databases and six Chinese databases will be searched from their inception to October 2019: Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, SinoMed, China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database and the China Master’s Theses Full-text Database. Only clinical randomised controlled trials and the first period in randomised cross-over trial related to moxibustion for MCI will be included. The primary outcomes include the improvement of cognitive function, as measured by validated assessment tools. The secondary outcomes include changes in the activity of daily living scale, effective rate and the incidences of adverse events. The selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be carried out by two independent reviewers. Review Manager V.5.3 software will be used for statistical analyses. Heterogeneity test, data synthesis and subgroup analysis will be performed if necessary. The risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by theCochrane Handbookrisk of bias tool. Evidence quality will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as no private information from individuals are collected. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.Trial registration numberCRD42018112657.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of eccentric-biased exercise interventions in reducing the incidence of falls and improving functional performance in older adults: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Kulkarni ◽  
Sarah Gregory ◽  
Michelle Evans
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Abstract Background Exercise has been known to preserve and enhance functional performance in older adults. Eccentric exercise involves muscle contractions characterised by unique features such as lengthening of the muscle–tendon complex by a greater opposing force. Aims To systematically review randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of eccentric exercises in reducing the incidence of falls and improving the functional performance in older adults. Key methods We conducted a systematic review of RCTs following the PRISMA-P guidelines. Searches were completed in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, CINAHL, Medline, and Global Health CABI. We included RCTs reporting at least one of the following outcomes—falls, Berg balance scale, timed-up and go test, chair stand test, stair climb test, maximal walking speed, and minute walking distance. Two reviewers screened papers for eligibility and assessed the quality of included papers using the Cochrane Collaborative risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and cross-checked by the second reviewer. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, given the high level of heterogeneity across studies. Results Ten studies were assessed as eligible for inclusion in the review. Overall, eccentric exercises were as effective as conventional resistance exercises in improving the selected outcomes by most studies. Additionally, when pre-exercise and post-eccentric exercise functional performance measures were compared, there was a statistically significant improvement in nearly all measures. The quality of trials was mixed (one high, four moderate, two low–moderate, and three low risk of bias). Conclusions Our systematic review suggests that eccentric exercises can be as effective as conventional exercises in older adults. Evidence suggests that such exercise interventions can lead to an improvement in geriatric function.

Cognitive telerehabilitation in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cotelli ◽  
Rosa Manenti ◽  
Michela Brambilla ◽  
Elena Gobbi ◽  
Clarissa Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Positive Effects

Introduction Given the limited effectiveness of pharmacological treatments, non-pharmacological interventions in neurodegenerative diseases have gained increasing attention in recent years and telerehabilitation has been proposed as a cognitive rehabilitation strategy. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the evidence for the efficacy of cognitive telerehabilitation interventions compared with face-to-face rehabilitation in patients with mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Methods In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search of the Medline database was conducted. Out of 14 articles assessed for eligibility, five studies were identified, three in participants with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease, two in patients with primary progressive aphasia. Results The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the methodological quality of four out of five studies included in this systematic review, with only one report receiving a high-quality rating. Effect-size analysis evidenced positive effects of telerehabilitation interventions, comparable with those reported for face-to-face rehabilitation. Discussion The available evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive telerehabilitation is limited, and the quality of the evidence needs to be improved. The systematic review provides preliminary evidence suggesting that cognitive telerehabilitation for neurodegenerative disease may have comparable effects as conventional in-person cognitive rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Insomnia Interventions in the Workplace: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6401
Author(s):  
Juan Vega-Escaño ◽  
Ana María Porcel-Gálvez ◽  
Rocío de Diego-Cordero ◽  
José Manuel Romero-Sánchez ◽  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify and evaluate the impact of interventions to improve or reduce insomnia in the workforce through randomized clinical trials. Following the recommendations of the PRISMA and MARS statement, a systematic literature search was carried out on the PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, and PsycINFO databases, with no restrictions on the language or publication date. For the meta-analysis, a random-effects model and the Insomnia Severity Index were used as outcome measures. To assess the risk of bias and the quality of evidence, the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the GRADE method were used, respectively. Twenty-two studies were included in the systematic review and 12 studies in the meta-analysis, making a total of 14 intervention groups with a sample of 827 workers. Cognitive behavioral therapy was the most widely used intervention. According to the estimated difference between the means, a moderate effect for the reduction of insomnia symptoms after the intervention (MD −2.08, CI 95%: [−2.68, −1.47]) and a non-significant degree of heterogeneity were obtained (p = 0.64; I2 = 0%). The quality of the evidence and the risk of bias were moderate. The results suggest that interventions on insomnia in the workplace are effective for improving workers’ health, and that improvements in the quality of sleep and a decrease in the symptoms of insomnia are produced, thanks to an increase in weekly sleeping hours and a reduction in latency at sleep onset. As regards work, they also led to improvements in productivity, presenteeism, and job burnout.

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