scholarly journals The Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) Model for Planning Longitudinal Behavioral Technology-Based Health Interventions: A Theoretical Framework

10.2196/15563 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. e15563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D Young
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Intervention Design ◽  
Abc Model ◽  
Behavior Change Intervention ◽  
Hiv Prevention Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Technology ◽  
Over Time

A growing number of interventions incorporate digital and social technologies (eg, social media, mobile phone apps, and wearable devices) into their design for behavior change. However, because of a number of factors, including changing trends in the use of technology over time, results on the efficacy of these interventions have been mixed. An updated framework is needed to help researchers better plan behavioral technology interventions by anticipating the needed resources and potential changes in trends that may affect interventions over time. Focusing on the domain of health interventions as a use case, we present the Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) model for technology-based behavioral interventions. ABC is composed of five components: basic behavior change; intervention, or problem-focused characteristics; population, social, and behavioral characteristics; individual-level and personality characteristics; and technology characteristics. ABC was designed with the goals of (1) guiding high-level development for digital technology–based interventions; (2) helping interventionists consider, plan for, and adapt to potential barriers that may arise during longitudinal interventions; and (3) providing a framework to potentially help increase the consistency of findings among digital technology intervention studies. We describe the planning of an HIV prevention intervention as a case study for how to implement ABC into intervention design. Using the ABC model to plan future interventions might help to improve the design of and adherence to longitudinal behavior change intervention protocols; allow these interventions to adapt, anticipate, and prepare for changes that may arise over time; and help to potentially improve intervention behavior change outcomes. Additional research is needed on the influence of each of ABC’s components to help improve intervention design and implementation.

scholarly journals The Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) Model for Planning Longitudinal Behavioral Technology-Based Health Interventions: A Theoretical Framework (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D Young
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Intervention Design ◽  
Abc Model ◽  
Behavior Change Intervention ◽  
Hiv Prevention Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Technology ◽  
Over Time

UNSTRUCTURED A growing number of interventions incorporate digital and social technologies (eg, social media, mobile phone apps, and wearable devices) into their design for behavior change. However, because of a number of factors, including changing trends in the use of technology over time, results on the efficacy of these interventions have been mixed. An updated framework is needed to help researchers better plan behavioral technology interventions by anticipating the needed resources and potential changes in trends that may affect interventions over time. Focusing on the domain of health interventions as a use case, we present the Adaptive Behavioral Components (ABC) model for technology-based behavioral interventions. ABC is composed of five components: basic behavior change; intervention, or problem-focused characteristics; population, social, and behavioral characteristics; individual-level and personality characteristics; and technology characteristics. ABC was designed with the goals of (1) guiding high-level development for digital technology–based interventions; (2) helping interventionists consider, plan for, and adapt to potential barriers that may arise during longitudinal interventions; and (3) providing a framework to potentially help increase the consistency of findings among digital technology intervention studies. We describe the planning of an HIV prevention intervention as a case study for how to implement ABC into intervention design. Using the ABC model to plan future interventions might help to improve the design of and adherence to longitudinal behavior change intervention protocols; allow these interventions to adapt, anticipate, and prepare for changes that may arise over time; and help to potentially improve intervention behavior change outcomes. Additional research is needed on the influence of each of ABC’s components to help improve intervention design and implementation.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 shifting transmission dynamics and hidden reservoirs potentially limit efficacy of public health interventions in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
Eleonora Cella ◽  
Francesca Benedetti ◽  
Brittany Rife Magalis ◽  
Vagner Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Phylodynamic Analysis ◽  
Epidemic Wave ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWe investigated SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Italy, one of the countries hit hardest by the pandemic, using phylodynamic analysis of viral genetic and epidemiological data. We observed the co-circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 lineages over time, which were linked to multiple importations and characterized by large transmission clusters concomitant with a high number of infections. Subsequent implementation of a three-phase nationwide lockdown strategy greatly reduced infection numbers and hospitalizations. Yet we present evidence of sustained viral spread among sporadic clusters acting as “hidden reservoirs” during summer 2020. Mathematical modelling shows that increased mobility among residents eventually catalyzed the coalescence of such clusters, thus driving up the number of infections and initiating a new epidemic wave. Our results suggest that the efficacy of public health interventions is, ultimately, limited by the size and structure of epidemic reservoirs, which may warrant prioritization during vaccine deployment.

scholarly journals The Importance of Studying Health Behavior in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 827-827
Author(s):  
Jaime Hughes ◽  
Susan Hughes ◽  
Mina Raj ◽  
Janet Bettger
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Behavior change is an inherent aspect of routine geriatric care. However, most research and clinical programs emphasis how to initiate behavior change with less emphasis placed on skills and strategies to maintain behaviors over time, including after an intervention has concluded. This presentation will provide an introduction to the symposium, including a review of prior work and our rationale for studying the critical yet overlooked construct of maintenance in older adults. Several key considerations in our work include the impact of multiple chronic conditions, declines in cognitive and functional capacity over time, changes in environmental context and/or social support, and sustainability of community and population-level programs and services.

Training commercial energy users in behavior change: A case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sea Rotmann ◽  
Beth Karlin
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Commercial Energy

Within the commercial sector, energy managers and building operators have a large impact over their organizations’ energy use. However, they mostly focus on technology solutions and retrofits, rather than human or corporate behaviors, and how to change them. This gap in targeted commercial sector research and behavioral interventions provides a great opportunity which is currently not being addressed. This paper presents a field research pilot where an empirical behavior change research process was applied and taught to commercial energy users in Ontario, Canada. This course served to fill an identified market gap and to improve commercial energy managers’ literacy in behavioral science theory and techniques. A needs assessment identified a clear gap in behavioral training for energy managers, and high interest in the course further proved out the market opportunity for professional training on how to design, implement and evaluate behavior change interventions. Evaluation results identified positive feedback in terms of course reaction, self-reported learning and behavioral outcomes, and tangible results when course participants returned to work to apply their learnings. Evaluation results suggest that such training fills a vital gap in the current Strategic Energy Management (SEM) landscape, and could unlock significant savings in the commercial energy sector.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Alliance Between Dietitians and Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: The Effect of Training in a Health Behavior Change Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 756-768
Author(s):  
Rebecca Murray ◽  
Amanda Baker ◽  
Sean Halpin ◽  
Ben Britton ◽  
Kristen McCarter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Change Intervention ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

Abstract Background The relationship between a clinician and their client—the “therapeutic alliance” is a robust predictor of outcome in healthcare settings; yet, few interventions to improve alliance have been tested. Motivational interviewing is a client-centered approach that embodies many principles and strategies consistent with a strong therapeutic alliance. Purpose To examine whether alliance is enhanced by training dietitians to deliver a motivational interviewing informed health behavior change intervention (“Eating as Treatment”; EAT) as part of routine consultations with patients with head and neck cancer. The predictive ability of motivational interviewing techniques was also assessed. Methods A secondary analysis of the EAT stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy (n = 307) were treated by radiotherapy dietitians (n = 29) during the control (Treatment as Usual) or intervention (EAT) phase. Alliance was rated during the first and final weeks of radiotherapy, and again 4 and 12 weeks post-radiotherapy. Dietetic sessions were audiotaped. Week one sessions were objectively rated for dietitians’ use of motivational interviewing techniques. Results Generalized linear-mixed effects regressions found no effect of EAT on dietitian-rated alliance (p = .237). After excluding outliers, patient-rated alliance was 0.29 points lower after EAT training (p = .016). Post hoc analyses revealed lower patient ratings on perceived support and dietitian confidence. Hierarchical multiple regressions found that no specific motivational interviewing techniques predicted patient-rated alliance. Dietitian acknowledgment of patient challenges was related to dietitian-rated alliance (β =.15, p =.035). Conclusions Patient and dietitian ratings of alliance were high after EAT training, but not significantly improved. Further research is needed to better understand the differential impact of intervention training and delivery on patient and clinician ratings of therapeutic alliance. Clinical Trial information Trial registration number ACTRN12613000320752

Procedures and Policies for Regulating Field-Based Behavioral Technology

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Human Service ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Behavioral Technology ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
And Control ◽  
Basic Philosophy ◽  
Behavioral Perspective

Discussions of policy development and regulation within the human service professions usually begin with statements of principle and basic philosophy. These in turn generally focus upon issues of accountability and client rights—indeed, the reconciliation of accountable professional practices with an enlightened view of individual rights would seem to be the ultimate objective of any internal or external body which seeks to regulate the helping professional. This paper specifically addresses efforts which have been made to monitor and control the applications of behavioral technology. It begins with a brief review of accountability from a behavioral perspective. Following this, the viewpoints of writers on the rights of clients who are subject to behavioral interventions are presented. Finally, three state/provincial efforts at creating policy and guidelines are examined from the above perspective. Strengths and shortcomings of the existing regulation machinery, in light of current knowledge, are then highlighted.

scholarly journals Impact guaranteed? Involving potential recipients, implementers and wider stakeholders in the co-production of two school-based relationships and sex education interventions to prevent teenage pregnancy and dating and relationships violence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ponsford ◽  
Rebecca Meiksin ◽  
Joanna Crichton ◽  
Sara Bragg ◽  
Lucy Emmerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
School Engagement ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Intervention Design ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Delivery Models

Abstract Background: The benefits of involving intended recipients, implementers and other stakeholders in the co-production of public health interventions are widely promoted. Practical accounts reflecting on the process and value of co-production in intervention design, however, remain scarce. We outline our approach to the co-production of two multi-component, school-based relationships and sex education interventions. We reflect on the utility of involving school staff, students, and other youth, professional and policy stakeholders in intervention design and on some of the challenges we encountered during the process. Methods: Seven consultations were conducted in southeast and southwest England involving 75 students aged 13–15 and 22 school staff. A group of young people trained to advise on public health research were consulted on three occasions. Twenty-three sexual health and sex education practitioners and policy makers shared their views at a stakeholder event. Written summaries of activities were prepared by researchers and shared with the specialist provider agencies for each intervention. Negotiated consensus between researchers and providers was reached about how participant views should inform intervention content, format and delivery models. Results: Consultations confirmed acceptability of intervention aims, components and delivery models, including curriculum delivery by teachers. They sensitised us to the need to ensure content reflected the reality of young people’s experiences; include flexibility for the timetabling of lessons; and to develop prescriptive teaching materials and robust school engagement strategies to reflect shrinking capacity for schools to implement public-health interventions. Accessing and prioritising stakeholder feedback was not always straightforward, however, where specific expertise or capacity for participation was limited or when participant views contradicted best practice, budget or the randomised controlled trial design. Conclusions: Involving potential recipients, implementers and wider stakeholders as co-producers in intervention design can bring valuable insights that can help reduce research waste. Successful co-production can be complex and challenging and requires careful consideration of the topics participants can most usefully speak to; the representativeness of those involved; the capacity available for participation; and how participants will be compensated. Findings also alert us to the importance of having well-defined, transparent procedures for deciding how stakeholder input will be incorporated.

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