scholarly journals Participatory Interventions for Sexual Health Promotion for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Internet: Systematic Review

10.2196/15378 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e15378
Author(s):  
Philippe Martin ◽  
Lorraine Cousin ◽  
Serge Gottot ◽  
Aurelie Bourmaud ◽  
Elise de La Rochebrochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Peer Interaction ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Participatory Intervention

Background The World Health Organization recommends the development of participatory sexuality education. In health promotion, web-based participatory interventions have great potential in view of the internet’s popularity among young people. Objective The aim of this review is to describe existing published studies on online participatory intervention methods used to promote the sexual health of adolescents and young adults. Methods We conducted a systematic review based on international scientific and grey literature. We used the PubMed search engine and Aurore database for the search. Articles were included if they reported studies on participatory intervention, included the theme of sexual health, were conducted on the internet (website, social media, online gaming system), targeted populations aged between 10 and 24 years, and had design, implementation, and evaluation methods available. We analyzed the intervention content, study implementation, and evaluation methods for all selected articles. Results A total of 60 articles were included, which described 37 interventions; several articles were published about the same intervention. Process results were published in many articles (n=40), in contrast to effectiveness results (n=23). Many of the 37 interventions were developed on websites (n=20). The second most used medium is online social networks (n=13), with Facebook dominating this group (n=8). Online peer interaction is the most common participatory component promoted by interventions (n=23), followed by interaction with a professional (n=16). Another participatory component is game-type activity (n=10). Videos were broadcast for more than half of the interventions (n=20). In total, 43% (n=16) of the interventions were based on a theoretical model, with many using the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model (n=7). Less than half of the interventions have been evaluated for effectiveness (n=17), while one-third (n=12) reported plans to do so and one-fifth (n=8) did not indicate any plan for effectiveness evaluation. The randomized controlled trial is the most widely used study design (n=16). Among the outcomes (evaluated or planned for evaluation), sexual behaviors are the most evaluated (n=14), followed by condom use (n=11), and sexual health knowledge (n=8). Conclusions Participatory online interventions for young people’s sexual health have shown their feasibility, practical interest, and attractiveness, but their effectiveness has not yet been sufficiently evaluated. Online peer interaction, the major participatory component, is not sufficiently conceptualized and defined as a determinant of change or theoretical model component. One potential development would be to build a conceptual model integrating online peer interaction and support as a component.

scholarly journals Participatory Interventions for Sexual Health Promotion for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Internet: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Martin ◽  
Lorraine Cousin ◽  
Serge Gottot ◽  
Aurelie Bourmaud ◽  
Elise de La Rochebrochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Peer Interaction ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Participatory Intervention

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends the development of participatory sexuality education. In health promotion, web-based participatory interventions have great potential in view of the internet’s popularity among young people. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to describe existing published studies on online participatory intervention methods used to promote the sexual health of adolescents and young adults. METHODS We conducted a systematic review based on international scientific and grey literature. We used the PubMed search engine and Aurore database for the search. Articles were included if they reported studies on participatory intervention, included the theme of sexual health, were conducted on the internet (website, social media, online gaming system), targeted populations aged between 10 and 24 years, and had design, implementation, and evaluation methods available. We analyzed the intervention content, study implementation, and evaluation methods for all selected articles. RESULTS A total of 60 articles were included, which described 37 interventions; several articles were published about the same intervention. Process results were published in many articles (n=40), in contrast to effectiveness results (n=23). Many of the 37 interventions were developed on websites (n=20). The second most used medium is online social networks (n=13), with Facebook dominating this group (n=8). Online peer interaction is the most common participatory component promoted by interventions (n=23), followed by interaction with a professional (n=16). Another participatory component is game-type activity (n=10). Videos were broadcast for more than half of the interventions (n=20). In total, 43% (n=16) of the interventions were based on a theoretical model, with many using the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model (n=7). Less than half of the interventions have been evaluated for effectiveness (n=17), while one-third (n=12) reported plans to do so and one-fifth (n=8) did not indicate any plan for effectiveness evaluation. The randomized controlled trial is the most widely used study design (n=16). Among the outcomes (evaluated or planned for evaluation), sexual behaviors are the most evaluated (n=14), followed by condom use (n=11), and sexual health knowledge (n=8). CONCLUSIONS Participatory online interventions for young people’s sexual health have shown their feasibility, practical interest, and attractiveness, but their effectiveness has not yet been sufficiently evaluated. Online peer interaction, the major participatory component, is not sufficiently conceptualized and defined as a determinant of change or theoretical model component. One potential development would be to build a conceptual model integrating online peer interaction and support as a component.

scholarly journals African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review

10.2196/19459 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e19459
Author(s):  
Sierra Teadt ◽  
Jade C Burns ◽  
Tiffany M Montgomery ◽  
Lynae Darbes
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
New Media ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Background Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections. Objective The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA. Methods An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media. Results The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color. Conclusions New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.

scholarly journals African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sierra Teadt ◽  
Jade C Burns ◽  
Tiffany M Montgomery ◽  
Lynae Darbes
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
New Media ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

BACKGROUND Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA. METHODS An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media. RESULTS The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color. CONCLUSIONS New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging Findings in Adolescents and Young Adults with Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Kappou ◽  
Myrto Ntougia ◽  
Aikaterini Kourtesi ◽  
Eleni Panagouli ◽  
Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Weight Restoration

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious, multifactorial mental disorder affecting predominantly young females. This systematic review examines neuroimaging findings in adolescents and young adults up to 24 years old, in order to explore alterations associated with disease pathophysiology. Methods: Eligible studies on structural and functional brain neuroimaging were sought systematically in PubMed, CENTRAL and EMBASE databases up to 5 October 2020. Results: Thirty-three studies were included, investigating a total of 587 patients with a current diagnosis of AN and 663 healthy controls (HC). Global and regional grey matter (GM) volume reduction as well as white matter (WM) microstructure alterations were detected. The mainly affected regions were the prefrontal, parietal and temporal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, insula, thalamus and cerebellum as well as various WM tracts such as corona radiata and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Regarding functional imaging, alterations were pointed out in large-scale brain networks, such as default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN) and salience network (SN). Most findings appear to reverse after weight restoration. Specific limitations of neuroimaging studies in still developing individuals are also discussed. Conclusions: Structural and functional alterations are present in the early course of the disease, most of them being partially or totally reversible. Nonetheless, neuroimaging findings have been open to many biological interpretations. Thus, more studies are needed to clarify their clinical significance.

Sexual Experiences and Perspectives of Adolescents and Young Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 074355842110282
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Schmidt ◽  
Megan Dougherty ◽  
Natalie Robek ◽  
Lindy Weaver ◽  
Amy R. Darragh
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Sexual Health Information

The purpose of this study is to understand the sexual experiences and perspectives of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with intellectual or developmental disabilities, how they are receiving sexual education, and how sexual education can be tailored to their needs. This qualitative study utilized semi-structured focus groups and interviews with eight AYA with intellectual or developmental disabilities from January 14 to May 7, 2019. Data were analyzed using a constant comparative approach. Participants reported a diverse range of sexual experiences and an interest in marriage and parenting in the future. Two themes emerged for how AYA are learning about sexual health information: through formal (school, doctors’ visits, or from caregivers) and informal education (peers, siblings, self-exploration, or Pop Culture). Sexual education can be tailored to this population by addressing educational gaps (pregnancy, contraception, sexually transmitted infections, intimacy, and sexual activity) and by implementing specific participant recommendations (proactive, inclusive education with real-life examples). With a growing emphasis on disability rights to sexual education among individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities, it is vital to understand AYA’s experiences, perspectives, and current understanding of sexual health information so that we can design a program specifically tailored to meet their unique needs.

Determinants of social functioning among adolescents and young adults with cancer: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa E. Schilstra ◽  
Joanna E. Fardell ◽  
Mary A. Burns ◽  
Sarah J. Ellis ◽  
Antoinette C. Anazodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults

Quality of life in adolescents and young adults with CHD is not reduced: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Schrøder ◽  
Kirsten A. Boisen ◽  
Jesper Reimers ◽  
Grete Teilmann ◽  
Jesper Brok
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
First Time

AbstractPurposeWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies assessing quality of life in adolescents and young adults born with CHD compared with age-matched controls.MethodsWe carried out a systematic search of the literature published in Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library’s Database (1990–2013); two authors independently extracted data from the included studies. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for quality assessment of studies. A random effects meta-analysis model was used. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2-test.ResultsWe included 18 studies with 1786 patients. The studies were of acceptable-to-good quality. The meta-analysis of six studies on quality of life showed no significant difference – mean difference: −1.31; 95% confidence intervals: −6.51 to +3.89, I2=90.9% – between adolescents and young adults with CHD and controls. Similar results were found in 10 studies not eligible for the meta-analysis. In subdomains, it seems that patients had reduced physical quality of life; however, social functioning was comparable or better compared with controls.ConclusionFor the first time in a meta-analysis, we have shown that quality of life in adolescents and young adults with CHD is not reduced when compared with age-matched controls.

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