scholarly journals A Context-Specific Digital Alcohol Brief Intervention in Symptomatic Breast Clinics (Abreast of Health): Development and Usability Study

10.2196/14580 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e14580
Author(s):  
Julia M A Sinclair ◽  
Peter F Dutey-Magni ◽  
Annie S Anderson ◽  
Janis Baird ◽  
Mary E Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Readiness To Learn ◽  
Alcohol Brief Intervention ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Symptomatic Breast

Background Potentially modifiable risk factors account for approximately 23% of breast cancer cases. In the United Kingdom, alcohol consumption alone is held responsible for 8% to 10% of cases diagnosed every year. Symptomatic breast clinics focus on early detection and treatment, but they also offer scope for delivery of low-cost lifestyle interventions to encourage a cancer prevention culture within the cancer care system. Careful development work is required to effectively translate such interventions to novel settings. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a theory of change and delivery mechanism for a context-specific alcohol and lifestyle brief intervention aimed at women attending screening and symptomatic breast clinics. Methods A formative study combined evidence reviews, analysis of mixed method data, and user experience research to develop an intervention model, following the 6 Steps in Quality Intervention Development (6SQuID) framework. Results A Web app focused on improving awareness, encouraging self-monitoring, and reframing alcohol reduction as a positive choice to improve health was found to be acceptable to women. Accessing this in the clinic waiting area on a tablet computer was shown to be feasible. An important facilitator for change may be the heightened readiness to learn associated with a salient health visit (a teachable moment). Women may have increased motivation to change if they can develop a belief in their capability to monitor and, if necessary, reduce their alcohol consumption. Conclusions Using the 6SQuID framework supported the prototyping and maximized acceptability and feasibility of an alcohol brief intervention for women attending symptomatic breast clinics, regardless of their level of alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals A Context-Specific Digital Alcohol Brief Intervention in Symptomatic Breast Clinics (Abreast of Health): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M A Sinclair ◽  
Peter F Dutey-Magni ◽  
Annie S Anderson ◽  
Janis Baird ◽  
Mary E Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Readiness To Learn ◽  
Alcohol Brief Intervention ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Symptomatic Breast

BACKGROUND Potentially modifiable risk factors account for approximately 23% of breast cancer cases. In the United Kingdom, alcohol consumption alone is held responsible for 8% to 10% of cases diagnosed every year. Symptomatic breast clinics focus on early detection and treatment, but they also offer scope for delivery of low-cost lifestyle interventions to encourage a cancer prevention culture within the cancer care system. Careful development work is required to effectively translate such interventions to novel settings. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a theory of change and delivery mechanism for a context-specific alcohol and lifestyle brief intervention aimed at women attending screening and symptomatic breast clinics. METHODS A formative study combined evidence reviews, analysis of mixed method data, and user experience research to develop an intervention model, following the 6 Steps in Quality Intervention Development (6SQuID) framework. RESULTS A Web app focused on improving awareness, encouraging self-monitoring, and reframing alcohol reduction as a positive choice to improve health was found to be acceptable to women. Accessing this in the clinic waiting area on a tablet computer was shown to be feasible. An important facilitator for change may be the heightened readiness to learn associated with a salient health visit (a teachable moment). Women may have increased motivation to change if they can develop a belief in their capability to monitor and, if necessary, reduce their alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Using the 6SQuID framework supported the prototyping and maximized acceptability and feasibility of an alcohol brief intervention for women attending symptomatic breast clinics, regardless of their level of alcohol consumption. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT NA

India as a Pioneer of Innovation

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Context Specific

What does innovation mean to and in India? What are the predominant areas of innovation for India, and under what situations do they succeed or fail? This book addresses these all-important questions arising within diverse Indian contexts: informal economy, low-cost settings, large business groups, entertainment and copyright-based industries, an evolving pharma sector, a poorly organized and appallingly underfunded public health system, social enterprises for the urban poor, and innovations for the millions. It explores the issues that promote and those that hinder the country’s rise as an innovation leader. The book’s balanced perspective on India’s promises and failings makes it a valuable addition for those who believe that India’s future banks heavily on its ability to leapfrog using innovation, as well as those sceptical of the Indian state’s belief in the potential of private enterprise and innovation. It also provides critical insights on innovation in general, the most important of which being the highly context-specific, context-driven character of the innovation project.

scholarly journals How to Achieve the Desired Outcomes of a Complex Intervention in Nursing Homes: A Theory of Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 383-383
Author(s):  
Martin Dichter ◽  
Jonas Hylla ◽  
Almuth Berg ◽  
Daniela Eggers ◽  
Ralph Möhler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Psychosocial Intervention ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Individual Knowledge

Abstract Background Recent systematic reviews suggest the effectiveness of complex psychosocial interventions to reduce sleep disturbances in people with dementia (PwD) living in nursing homes. However, it is unclear how and under which circumstances these interventions work and which components and processes are crucial determinants for effectiveness. Objectives To develop a Theory of Change (ToC) that describes a causal chain for the reduction of sleep disturbances. Design and Methods The ToC approach is a participatory method in intervention development to generate knowledge about how, why, and under which circumstances interventions are effective. We conducted two expert workshops, a subsequent expert survey (n=12), a systematic literature review, and expert interviews (day and night nurses). Results Necessary preconditions for the reduction of sleep disturbances were identified on staff, management and cultural levels of nursing homes. Intermediate goals like “individual knowledge on PwD is available”, “a specific institutional concept to promote sleep is implemented”, “person-centred care is implemented” and “sleep preferences of PwD are fulfilled” were defined. The intermediate goals, interventions, promoting and inhibiting factors as well as rationales were sorted into a causal chain. All intermediate goals were rated as relevant or highly relevant based on the expert survey. Conclusions The ToC model displays how a complex psychosocial intervention is likely to be effective in reducing sleep disturbances and meeting sleep preferences of PwD in nursing homes. The model is the basis for the development and evaluation of a planned complex psychosocial intervention to prevent and reduce sleep disturbances in PwD.

The effect of referral for brief intervention for alcohol misuse on repetition of deliberate self-harm: an exploratory randomized controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1821-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Crawford ◽  
E. Csipke ◽  
A. Brown ◽  
S. Reid ◽  
K. Nilsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Information Leaflet ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

BackgroundReferral for brief intervention among people who misuse alcohol is reported to be effective but its impact among those who present to services following deliberate self-harm (DSH) has not been examined.MethodConsecutive patients who presented to an Emergency Department (ED) following an episode of DSH were screened for alcohol misuse. Those found to be misusing alcohol were randomly assigned to brief intervention plus a health information leaflet or to a health information leaflet alone. The primary outcome was whether the patient reattended an ED following a further episode of DSH during the subsequent 6 months. Secondary outcomes were alcohol consumption, mental health and satisfaction with care measured 3 and 6 months after randomization.ResultsOne hundred and three people took part in the study. Follow-up data on our primary outcome were obtained for all subjects and on 63% for secondary outcomes. Half those referred for brief intervention received it. Repetition of DSH was strongly associated with baseline alcohol consumption, but not influenced by treatment allocation. There was a non-significant trend towards the number of units of alcohol consumed per drinking day being lower among those randomized to brief intervention.ConclusionsReferral for brief intervention for alcohol misuse following an episode of DSH may not influence the likelihood of repetition of self-harm. Longer-term interventions may be needed to help people who deliberately harm themselves and have evidence of concurrent alcohol misuse.

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