scholarly journals Examining the Use of Glucose and Physical Activity Self-Monitoring Technologies in Individuals at Moderate to High Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Trial

10.2196/14195 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e14195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine E Whelan ◽  
Mark W Orme ◽  
Andrew P Kingsnorth ◽  
Lauren B Sherar ◽  
Francesca L Denton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Freestyle Libre ◽  
Monitoring Technologies

Background Self-monitoring of behavior (namely, diet and physical activity) and physiology (namely, glucose) has been shown to be effective in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes prevention. By combining self-monitoring technologies, the acute physiological consequences of behaviors could be shown, prompting greater consideration to physical activity levels today, which impact the risk of developing diabetes years or decades later. However, until recently, commercially available technologies have not been able to show individuals the health benefits of being physically active. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the usage, feasibility, and acceptability of behavioral and physiological self-monitoring technologies in individuals at risk of developing T2D. Methods A total of 45 adults aged ≥40 years and at moderate to high risk of T2D were recruited to take part in a 3-arm feasibility trial. Each participant was provided with a behavioral (Fitbit Charge 2) and physiological (FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitor) monitor for 6 weeks, masked according to group allocation. Participants were allocated to glucose feedback (4 weeks) followed by glucose and physical activity (biobehavioral) feedback (2 weeks; group 1), physical activity feedback (4 weeks) followed by biobehavioral feedback (2 weeks; group 2), or biobehavioral feedback (6 weeks; group 3). Participant usage (including time spent on the apps and number of glucose scans) was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were the feasibility (including recruitment and number of sensor displacements) and acceptability (including monitor wear time) of the intervention. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted at the 6-week follow-up appointment. Results For usage, time spent on the Fitbit and FreeStyle Libre apps declined over the 6 weeks for all groups. Of the FreeStyle Libre sensor scans conducted by participants, 17% (1798/10,582) recorded rising or falling trends in glucose, and 24% (13/45) of participants changed ≥1 of the physical activity goals. For feasibility, 49% (22/45) of participants completed the study using the minimum number of FreeStyle Libre sensors, and a total of 41 sensors were declared faulty or displaced. For acceptability, participants wore the Fitbit for 40.1 (SD 3.2) days, and 20% (9/45) of participants and 53% (24/45) of participants were prompted by email to charge or sync the Fitbit, respectively. Interviews unearthed participant perceptions on the study design by suggesting refinements to the eligibility criteria and highlighting important issues about the usability, wearability, and features of the technologies. Conclusions Individuals at risk of developing T2D engaged with wearable digital health technologies providing behavioral and physiological feedback. Modifications are required to both the study and to commercially available technologies to maximize the chances of sustained usage and behavior change. The study and intervention were feasible to conduct and acceptable to most participants. Trial Registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 17545949; isrctn.com/ISRCTN17545949

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Low Physical Activity in Two Latin American Populations at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes: An Exploratory Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Acosta ◽  
Rafael Tuesca ◽  
Karen Florez ◽  
Noël C. Barengo ◽  
Luis Anillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Populations At Risk

Low level of physical activity is a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. Specifically, people at risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have shown to benefit from being physically active. The objective of this study was to explore what factors were associated with low physical activity in people at high risk of T2D living in Bogota and Barranquilla, Colombia.Methodology: Cross-sectional study using baseline data from a quasi-experimental clinical trial (PREDICOL Project). The study included 1,135 participants of Bogota and Barranquilla that presented a high risk of developing T2D according to the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (>12 points) and who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. The main outcome variable was the level of physical activity assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: In total, 72.5% of the study participants had low level of physical activity. Participants in the age group between 45 and 54 years showed 74% greater odds of having low physical activity compared with the youngest age group (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.1 −2.8). People living in Barranquilla were eight times more likely to have low physical activity compared with those in Bogotá D.C. (OR 8.1, 95% CI 5.7 to 11.4).Conclusion: A large proportion of the population at risk of developing D2T in two large cities of Colombia have a sedentary lifestyle. Interventions should be designed and implemented in order to increase physical activity in these populations.

scholarly journals A digital lifestyle behaviour change intervention for the prevention of type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study exploring intuitive engagement with real-time glucose and physical activity feedback

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine E. Whelan ◽  
Francesca Denton ◽  
Claire L. A. Bourne ◽  
Andrew P. Kingsnorth ◽  
Lauren B. Sherar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Freestyle Libre ◽  
Physiological Feedback

Abstract Background Mobile health technologies have advanced to now allow monitoring of the acute physiological responses to lifestyle behaviours. Our aim was to explore how people engaged with real-time feedback on their physical activity and glucose levels over several weeks. Methods Semi-structured interviews with 26 participants (61.5% female, 56.6 years) at moderate-to-high risk of developing type 2 diabetes were conducted. Interviews were completed after participants took part in an intervention comprising a flash glucose monitor (Freestyle Libre) and a physical activity monitor (Fitbit Charge 2). Purposive sampling ensured representation of ages, genders and group allocations. Results Inductive thematic analysis revealed how individuals intuitively used, interpreted and acted on feedback from wearable technologies. Six key themes emerged: triggers of engagement with the technologies, links between behaviour and health, lack of confidence, changes to movement behaviours, changes to diet and barriers to lifestyle behaviour change. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that accessing behavioural and physiological feedback can increase self-awareness of how lifestyle impacts short-term health. Some participants noticed a link between the feedback presented by the two devices and changed their behaviour but many did not. Training and educational support, as well as efforts to optimize how feedback is presented to users, are needed to sustain engagement and behaviour change. Extensions of this work to involve people with diabetes are also warranted to explore whether behavioural and physiological feedback in parallel can encourage better diabetes self-management. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN17545949, 12/05/2017, prospectively registered.

scholarly journals Physical activity versus metformin for increasing insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents at-risk for type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Andrew D Hanna ◽  
Natalie V Scime
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pediatric Populations

Global rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among children and adolescents are steadily rising. As such, an increasing amount of attention and research has begun to focus on strategies to prevent this chronic and burdensome disease in pediatric populations. The purpose of this article is to briefly review current evidence pertaining to the effectiveness of physical activity versus metformin in improving insulin sensitivity of children at-risk (ie, obese and/or insulin resistant) for developing T2D. Potential barriers to each preventative intervention will also be discussed. Physical activity, both aerobic and resistance, has demonstrated effectiveness in a moderate number of demographically diverse pediatric studies. However, the pediatric population is already alarmingly sedentary with barriers such as lack of motivation, social stigma and discomfort presenting a challenge. A small number of studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of metformin in children and adolescents for improved insulin sensitivity. However, longer and larger studies are required to confirm these findings and elucidate upon the long-term safety and efficacy of this pharmaceutical in pediatric populations. While no head-to-head studies examining physical activity and metformin exist in pediatric populations and more research is needed, current evidence seems to favour the use of physical activity given the larger quantity of studies and generalizability of its beneficial effects. Thus, physical activity should be emphasized in clinical and public health practice when targeting at-risk children and adolescents to prevent a T2D diagnosis.

scholarly journals Sleep Restriction Decreases the Physical Activity of Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

SLEEP ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay E. Bromley ◽  
John N. Booth ◽  
Jennifer M. Kilkus ◽  
Jacqueline G. Imperial ◽  
Plamen D. Penev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Sleep Restriction

scholarly journals Association of Physical Activity and Serum Insulin Concentrations in Two Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes but Differing by BMI

Diabetes Care ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1175-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kriska ◽  
M. A. Pereira ◽  
R. L. Hanson ◽  
M. P. de Courten ◽  
P. Z. Zimmet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Two Populations

scholarly journals Effect of Physical Activity on Plasma PCSK9 in Subjects With High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Antero Mäkelä ◽  
Juhani Leppäluoto ◽  
Jari Jokelainen ◽  
Timo Jämsä ◽  
Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk

scholarly journals Physical activity and lipidomics in a population at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1150-1160
Author(s):  
Joseph Henson ◽  
Charlotte L. Edwardson ◽  
Melanie J. Davies ◽  
Jason M.R. Gill ◽  
Liam M. Heaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document