scholarly journals Influence of Health Literacy on Effects of Patient Rating Websites: Survey Study Using a Hypothetical Situation and Fictitious Doctors

10.2196/14134 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. e14134
Author(s):  
Peter Johannes Schulz ◽  
Fabia Rothenfluh
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Patient Choice ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Patient Rating ◽  
Physician Rating ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Physician Reviews ◽  
Variance Explained

Background Physician rating websites (PRWs) are a device people use actively and passively, although their objective capabilities are insufficient when it comes to judging the medical performance and qualification of physicians. PRWs are an innovation born of the potential of the Internet and boosted very much by the longstanding policy of improving and encouraging patient participation in medical decision-making. A mismatch is feared between patient motivations to participate and their capabilities of doing so well. Awareness of such a mismatch might contribute to some skepticism of patient-written physician reviews on PRWs. Objective We intend to test whether health literacy is able to dampen the effects that a patient-written review of a physician’s performance might have on physician choice. Methods An experiment was conducted within a survey interview. Participants were put into a fictitious decision situation in which they had to choose between two physicians on the basis of their profiles on a PRW. One of the physician profiles contained the experimental stimulus in the form of a friendly and a critical written review. The dependent variable was physician choice. An attitude differential, trust differential, and two measures of health literacy, the newest vital sign as an example of a performance-based measure and eHealth Literacy Scale as an example of a perception-based measure, were tested for roles as intermediary variables. Analysis traced the influence of the review tendency on the dependent variables and a possible moderating effect of health literacy on these influences. Results Reviews of a physician’s competence and medical skill affected participant choice of a physician. High health literacy dampened these effects only in the case of the perception-based measure and only for the negative review. Correspondingly, the effect of the review tendency appeared to be stronger for the positive review. Attitudes and trust only affected physician choice when included as covariants, considerably increasing the variance explained by regression models. Conclusions Findings sustain physician worries that even one negative PRW review can affect patient choice and damage doctors’ reputations. Hopes that health literacy might raise awareness of the poor basis of physician reviews and ratings given by patients have some foundation.

scholarly journals Influence of Health Literacy on Effects of Patient Rating Websites: Survey Study Using a Hypothetical Situation and Fictitious Doctors (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Johannes Schulz ◽  
Fabia Rothenfluh
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Patient Choice ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Patient Rating ◽  
Physician Rating ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Physician Reviews ◽  
Variance Explained

BACKGROUND Physician rating websites (PRWs) are a device people use actively and passively, although their objective capabilities are insufficient when it comes to judging the medical performance and qualification of physicians. PRWs are an innovation born of the potential of the Internet and boosted very much by the longstanding policy of improving and encouraging patient participation in medical decision-making. A mismatch is feared between patient motivations to participate and their capabilities of doing so well. Awareness of such a mismatch might contribute to some skepticism of patient-written physician reviews on PRWs. OBJECTIVE We intend to test whether health literacy is able to dampen the effects that a patient-written review of a physician’s performance might have on physician choice. METHODS An experiment was conducted within a survey interview. Participants were put into a fictitious decision situation in which they had to choose between two physicians on the basis of their profiles on a PRW. One of the physician profiles contained the experimental stimulus in the form of a friendly and a critical written review. The dependent variable was physician choice. An attitude differential, trust differential, and two measures of health literacy, the newest vital sign as an example of a performance-based measure and eHealth Literacy Scale as an example of a perception-based measure, were tested for roles as intermediary variables. Analysis traced the influence of the review tendency on the dependent variables and a possible moderating effect of health literacy on these influences. RESULTS Reviews of a physician’s competence and medical skill affected participant choice of a physician. High health literacy dampened these effects only in the case of the perception-based measure and only for the negative review. Correspondingly, the effect of the review tendency appeared to be stronger for the positive review. Attitudes and trust only affected physician choice when included as covariants, considerably increasing the variance explained by regression models. CONCLUSIONS Findings sustain physician worries that even one negative PRW review can affect patient choice and damage doctors’ reputations. Hopes that health literacy might raise awareness of the poor basis of physician reviews and ratings given by patients have some foundation.

scholarly journals Bijou: Engaging Young MSM in HIV Care Using a Mobile Health Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 232595822110308
Author(s):  
Tiffany Chenneville ◽  
Hunter Drake ◽  
Kemesha Gabbidon ◽  
Carina Rodriguez ◽  
Lisa Hightow-Weidman
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Literacy Engagement ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) living with HIV experience challenges with retention in care, which negatively affects viral suppression. To address this, researchers piloted Bijou, a program designed to provide health education through electronically delivered behavior and risk reduction modules. Participants were 29 YMSM aged 19-24 living with HIV from the southeastern US. Participants completed pre, post, and 3-month follow-up (3MFU) surveys assessing knowledge, intervention acceptability, satisfaction, self-efficacy, ehealth literacy, and usability. Findings revealed significant improvement in knowledge and e-health literacy from pre-test to post-test but lost significance at 3MFU. Self-efficacy scores did not show significant differences from pre-test to post-test or 3MFU. Participants who completed all modules considered Bijou usable and acceptable; however, many did not complete the program. Findings suggest a need for adaptations to promote knowledge retention, e-health literacy, engagement over time, and research with a larger, more representative sample.

scholarly journals Group differences in health literacy are ameliorated in ehealth literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 480-497
Author(s):  
Efrat Neter ◽  
Esther Brainin ◽  
Orna Baron-Epel
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ehealth Literacy

scholarly journals E-health and health literacy of young adult Ukrainian female immigrants and Polish counterparts

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Krasko ◽  
J Marianowska ◽  
M Duplaga
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
University Education ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Ehealth Literacy

Abstract Background According to recent projections, even 10% of Polish gross domestic product is contributed by Ukrainian immigrants. There is also a considerable number of Ukrainians continuing university education in Poland. The level of health literacy in Ukrainian society has not been studied so far. The aim of the study was the comparison of health literacy (HL) and e-health literacy (eHL) of young adult Ukrainian (UA) women with their Polish (PL) counterparts Methods A snowball technique was used to recruit a sample of UA women working or studying in Poland to the Internet-based survey. The questionnaire used in the study consisted of the 16-item European HL Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-16), eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), the set of the questions asking about health behaviours (HB), self-assessment of health status (HS) and items exploring sociodemographic variables. For comparison, the data of an age-matched sample of 100 respondents was extracted from the online survey performed in a representative sample of PL women. Results The mean age (standard deviation, SD) of 57 UA respondents was 20.23 (1.78) years and in Polish sample 20.25 (1.79). HL did not differ between both groups (11.06 (4.22) vs 11.44 (4.34), respectively, p = 0.53), but eHL was significantly lower in UA group (25.91 (5.36) vs 28.17 (5.37), U Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.01). Only 58.5% of UA respondents vs 80.5% of PL ones assessed their HS as at least good (Fisher exact test, p < 0.001). The rates of active smoking (34.6% vs. 35.0%, p = 0.55), using e-cigarettes (35.3% vs 34.0%, p = 0.99), frequent alcohol consumption (26.9% vs. 20%, p = 0.41), and intensive physical activity (49.0% vs. 38.0%, p = 0.22) did not differ between study groups. Conclusions Young UA women show lower eHL than PL counterparts. Although HL and HB in both groups did not differ significantly, UA respondents have assessed their HS much lower than PL participants. Key messages E-health literacy and self-assessed health status were significantly lower among young Ukrainian than among Polish women. Both groups did not differ for health literacy and health behaviours.

scholarly journals eHealth Literacy als Grundlage zur Entwicklung digitaler Technologien in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention? Eine systematische Übersicht der Literatur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Geukes ◽  
Anna Lea Stark ◽  
Christoph Dockweiler
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Systematische Übersicht ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Prävention Und Gesundheitsförderung ◽  
Digitale Technologien

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Digitale Technologien stellen ein großes Potenzial für Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Hinblick auf die Reichweite und individualisierte sowie bedürfnisorientierte Gestaltung von Informationen dar. Diese müssen von Nutzer*innen verstanden, aber auch innerhalb der Settingprävention vor allem von Organisationen adäquat eingesetzt und in Prozesse der Sturkturentwicklung überführt werden. Das Konzept der eHealth Literacy setzt verschiedenen Determinanten dafür in Zusammenhang. Ziel und Methodik Um einen Einblick über die Verwendung des Konzepts eHealth Literacy in der Forschung zu digitalen Technologien der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention zu erhalten, wurde eine systematisierte Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Dabei wurden die Datenbanken MEDLINE, CINAHL, SocINDEX, PsycINFO, Psyndex, IEEE Xplore, BASE und Web of Science durchsucht. Ergebnisse Es wurden 35 Artikel identifiziert, die Health Literacy in Bezug zu digitalen Technologien fokussieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine marginale wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Konzept. Bisher findet keine Anpassung digitaler Technologien an die Health Literacy der Nutzer*innen statt. Das führt zu einer verkürzten Perspektive und zu ungenutztem Potenzial, welches das Konzept bietet. Schlussfolgerung Es besteht ein dringender Bedarf, ein evidenzbasiertes eHealth-Literacy-Konzept zu entwickeln und anzuwenden, um digitale Technologien und Gesundheitsinformationen zielgruppenspezifisch und ressourcenorientiert modifizieren und in Settings einsetzen zu können.

scholarly journals Dissociation, Cognitive Reflection and Health Literacy Have a Modest Effect on Belief in Conspiracy Theories about COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5065
Author(s):  
Vojtech Pisl ◽  
Jan Volavka ◽  
Edita Chvojkova ◽  
Katerina Cechova ◽  
Gabriela Kavalirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
Variance Explained ◽  
Modest Effect

Understanding the predictors of belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories and willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 may aid the resolution of current and future pandemics. We investigate how psychological and cognitive characteristics influence general conspiracy mentality and COVID-related conspiracy theories. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from an online survey of a sample of Czech university students (n = 866) collected in January 2021, using multivariate linear regression and mediation analysis. Sixteen percent of respondents believed that COVID-19 is a hoax, and 17% believed that COVID-19 was intentionally created by humans. Seven percent of the variance of the hoax theory and 10% of the variance of the creation theory was explained by (in descending order of relevance) low cognitive reflection, low digital health literacy, high experience with dissociation and, to some extent, high bullshit receptivity. Belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories depended less on psychological and cognitive variables compared to conspiracy mentality (16% of the variance explained). The effect of digital health literacy on belief in COVID-related theories was moderated by cognitive reflection. Belief in conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 was influenced by experience with dissociation, cognitive reflection, digital health literacy and bullshit receptivity.

Perceived eHealth Literacy and Health Literacy among People with Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. e50
Author(s):  
Gurkaran Singh ◽  
Bonita Sawatzky ◽  
Laura Nimmon ◽  
W. Ben Mortenson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Non-health outcomes affecting self-care behaviors and medical decision-making preference in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Jye Wang ◽  
Hung-Ming Lin ◽  
Li-Chen Hung ◽  
Yi-Ting Lo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The effects of patient sustained self-care behaviors on glycemic control are even greater than the effects of medical treatment, indicating the value of identifying the factors that influence self-care behaviors. To date, these factors have not been placed in a single model to clarify the critical path affecting self-care behaviors. The aims of this study were to explore the relationships of these factors and the differences in patient preference for medical decision-making.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among outpatients with type 2 diabetes at a regional teaching hospital. Purposive sampling was adopted to recruit 316 eligible patients via self-administered questionnaires. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for analysis.Results: Significant direct pathways were identified from health literacy to self-efficacy, patient empowerment, and self-care behaviors; from self-efficacy to self-care behaviors; and from patient empowerment to self-care behaviors. Indirect pathways were from health literacy to self-care behaviors via self-efficacy or patient empowerment. The pathway from health literacy to self-efficacy was significantly stronger in those preferring shared decision-making than in those who preferred physician decision-making. Conclusions: Health literacy is a critical factor in improving self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes, and the effect of health literacy on self-efficacy was more significant in the shared decision-making than in the physician decision-making. Therefore, developing an effective health strategy to strengthen health literacy awareness and designing friendly, diverse health literacy materials, and application tools is the most important factor to facilitate self-care behaviors in this population.

scholarly journals Interrelationships Between Patients’ Data Tracking Practices, Data Sharing Practices, and Health Literacy: Onsite Survey Study

10.2196/18937 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. e18937
Author(s):  
Yuhan Luo ◽  
Chi Young Oh ◽  
Beth St Jean ◽  
Eun Kyoung Choe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Data Tracking

Background Although the use of patient-generated data (PGD) in the optimization of patient care shows great promise, little is known about whether patients who track their PGD necessarily share the data with their clinicians. Meanwhile, health literacy—an important construct that captures an individual’s ability to manage their health and to engage with their health care providers—has often been neglected in prior studies focused on PGD tracking and sharing. To leverage the full potential of PGD, it is necessary to bridge the gap between patients’ data tracking and data sharing practices by first understanding the interrelationships between these practices and the factors contributing to these practices. Objective This study aims to systematically examine the interrelationships between PGD tracking practices, data sharing practices, and health literacy among individual patients. Methods We surveyed 109 patients at the time they met with a clinician at a university health center, unlike prior research that often examined patients’ retrospective experience after some time had passed since their clinic visit. The survey consisted of 39 questions asking patients about their PGD tracking and sharing practices based on their current clinical encounter. The survey also contained questions related to the participants’ health literacy. All the participants completed the survey on a tablet device. The onsite survey study enabled us to collect ecologically valid data based on patients’ immediate experiences situated within their clinic visit. Results We found no evidence that tracking PGD was related to self-reports of having sufficient information to manage one’s health; however, the number of data types participants tracked positively related to their self-assessed ability to actively engage with health care providers. Participants’ data tracking practices and their health literacy did not relate to their data sharing practices; however, their ability to engage with health care providers positively related to their willingness to share their data with clinicians in the future. Participants reported several benefits of, and barriers to, sharing their PGD with clinicians. Conclusions Although tracking PGD could help patients better engage with health care providers, it may not provide patients with sufficient information to manage their health. The gaps between tracking and sharing PGD with health care providers call for efforts to inform patients of how their data relate to their health and to facilitate efficient clinician-patient communication. To realize the full potential of PGD and to promote individuals’ health literacy, empowering patients to effectively track and share their PGD is important—both technologies and health care providers can play important roles.

scholarly journals Electronic, mobile and telehealth tools for vulnerable patients with chronic disease: a systematic review and realist synthesis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e019192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Parker ◽  
Amy Prince ◽  
Louise Thomas ◽  
Hyun Song ◽  
Diana Milosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Vulnerable Patients

ObjectivesThe objective of this review was to assess the benefit of using electronic, mobile and telehealth tools for vulnerable patients with chronic disease and explore the mechanisms by which these impact patient self-efficacy and self-management.DesignWe searched MEDLINE, all evidence-based medicine, CINAHL, Embase and PsychINFO covering the period 2009 to 2018 for electronic, mobile or telehealth interventions. Quality was assessed according to rigour and relevance. Those studies providing a richer description (‘thick’) were synthesised using a realist matrix.Setting and participantsStudies of any design conducted in community-based primary care involving adults with one or more diagnosed chronic health condition and vulnerability due to demographic, geographic, economic and/or cultural characteristics.ResultsEighteen trials were identified targeting a range of chronic conditions and vulnerabilities. The data provided limited insight into the mechanisms underpinning these interventions, most of which sought to persuade vulnerable patients into believing they could self-manage their conditions through improved symptom monitoring, education and support and goal setting. Patients were relatively passive in the interaction, and the level of patient response attributed to their intrinsic level of motivation. Health literacy, which may be confounded with motivation, was only measured in one study, and eHealth literacy was not assessed.ConclusionsResearch incorporating these tools with vulnerable groups is not comprehensive. Apart from intrinsic motivation, health literacy may also influence the reaction of vulnerable groups to technology. Social persuasion was the main way interventions sought to achieve better self-management. Efforts to engage patients by healthcare providers were lower than expected. Use of social networks or other eHealth mechanisms to link patients and provide opportunities for vicarious experience could be further explored in relation to vulnerable groups. Future research could also assess health and eHealth literacy and differentiate the specific needs for vulnerable groups when implementing health technologies.

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