Paleoseismicity, Ecological Change, and Prehistoric Exploitation of Anadromous Fishes in the Salmon River Basin, Western Idaho, USA

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren G. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Salmon River ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fluvial Response ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Salmon Fishery

By the middle Holocene, Native American groups developed semi-sedentary villages in the Columbia River basin of the Pacific Northwest. The economic basis for these villages is thought to have been predicated on the acquisition of bulk food resources, such as salmon and camas, for delayed consumption during the winter. In Idaho's lower Salmon River canyon, semi-sedentary pit house villages are absent until after 2000 14C yr BP. Floodplain geochronology shows channel incision and terrace formation occurred at ca. 2000 14C yr BP, caused by fluvial response to neotectonic displacement along a normal fault. The delayed appearance of pit house sites and other markers of the Winter Village Pattern in the canyon is argued to be directly related to neotectonically-induced changes in fluvial conditions after 2000 14C yr BP, which significantly improved aquatic habitats for anadromous fishes and led to the development of a predictable, productive salmon fishery.

Suitability of Natural Areas for Representing Ecological Change in the Pacific Northwest

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Massie ◽  
Todd M. Wilson ◽  
Anita T. Morzillo ◽  
Emilie B. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
The Pacific

Composition of native American fruits in the Pacific Northwest

1982 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-572
Author(s):  
Patrick B. Keely ◽  
Charlene S. Martinsen ◽  
Eugene S. Hunn ◽  
Helen H. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The Pacific

Nutrients in Salmonid Ecosystems: Sustaining Production and Biodiversity

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
N Availability ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Streams And Rivers ◽  
Salmon River ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions

<em>Abstract.</em>—Recent studies have shown that anadromous fish deliver ecologically significant quantities of marine-derived nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and organic carbon (C) to lakes, rivers, and streams of the Pacific Northwest. These marine-derived nutrients (MDN) can influence the ecological functioning of receiving streams through nutrient release and food availability. In Idaho, populations of anadromous salmon have declined dramatically with many formerly salmon-bearing streams now receiving no MDN supplementation. In order to assess how the loss of MDN may influence Idaho streams and rivers, we examined the current nutrient status of streams and rivers in Idaho with particular emphasis on the limiting role of N and P. We also generated a range of estimates of the historic and current affects of MDN on selected basins of the Salmon River, Idaho. Our analysis indicates that 25–50% of Idaho’s streams are potentially nutrient limited. Further analysis suggests that N and P limitation occurred in an approximately equal number of streams. Historic contributions of MDN to the Salmon River had varying potential to influence N and P availability, ranging from undetectable to resulting in a doubling of N availability. The level of influence depended upon location within the basin and the choices made regarding some simplifying assumptions. Finally, we discuss the effectiveness of artificial fertilization as a means of compensating for lost MDN and suggest that a spiraling approach be used to design and monitor fertilization treatments.

Response of the Columbia River Fluvial System to Holocene Climatic Change

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Chatters ◽  
Karin A. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Columbia River ◽  
River System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Columbia River Basin ◽  
Fluvial System ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Floodplain Development

AbstractAn understanding of the response of a fluvial system to past climatic changes is useful for predicting its response to future shifts in temperature and precipitation. To determine the response of the Columbia River system to previous climatic conditions and transitions, a well-dated sequence of floodplain development in the Wells Reservoir region was compared with the paleoenvironmental history of the Columbia River Basin. Results of this comparison indicate that aggradation episodes, occurring approximately 9000-8000, 7000-6500, 4400-3900, and 2400-1800 yr B.P., coincided with climatic transitions that share certain characteristics. The inferred climates associated with aggradation had at least moderate rates of precipitation that occurred mainly in winter coupled with moderate winter temperatures. Such conditions would have resulted in the buildup of snowpacks and a high frequency of rain-on-snow events. The warming and precipitation increases predicted for the Pacific Northwest under most CO2-doubling scenarios are likely to repeat these conditions, which could increase the frequency of severe, sediment-laden floods in the Columbia River Basin.

A new genus and species of entocytherid ostracod (Ostracoda: Entocytheridae) from the John Day River Basin of Oregon, U.S.A., with a key to genera of the subfamily Entocytherinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4273 (4) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA G. WEAVER ◽  
BRONWYN W. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
River Basin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Targeted Sampling ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
John Day River ◽  
John Day ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Copulatory Complex ◽  
Insight Into

Targeted sampling efforts by the authors for the signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, from its native range in the John Day River Basin, Oregon, U.S.A. yielded entocytherid ostracods with a male copulatory complex so clearly different from other entocytherines that a new genus, Aurumcythere gen. nov. is proposed to receive them. This newly proposed, apparently nonsclerotized, genus with hook and spur-like prominences of the posteroventral end of the peniferum is the first new genus of the subfamily Entocytherinae named since Hobbs & Peters described Aphelocythere (= Waltoncythere) in 1977. Aurumcythere gen. nov. represents only the second genus of entocytherid known from the Pacific Northwest. Lack of sclerotization in Aurumcythere gen. nov. provides new insight into poorly understood mating behaviors of entocytherid ostracods. 

Early Storage and Sedentism on the Pacific Northwest Coast: Ancient DNA Analysis of Salmon Remains from Namu, British Columbia

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey Cannon ◽  
Dongya Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Pacific Northwest Coast ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ancient Dna Analysis ◽  
Salmon Fishery

Ancient DNA identification of salmon remains from the site of Namu on the central coast of British Columbia shows use of a variety of species and an emphasis on pink salmon over the course of the past 7,000 years. These results support arguments that Namu was a permanent village settlement dependent on a salmon storage economy throughout this time. This pattern of subsistence and settlement predates by several millennia the first substantial evidence for population expansion or social differentiation in the region. Periodic salmon shortages in the period after 2000 cal B.C., which are associated with local and regional disruptions in settlement and increased reliance on more marginal resources, appear to be the result of failures in the pink salmon fishery.

scholarly journals Keeping the World in Balance - Music Therapy in a Ritual Context

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
University Of British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Northwest Coast ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The People ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The University

I asked Walker why the Spirit Dances were held in the Winter. He told me that in the Winter the Earth's reserves are low, so the people must dance to create energy for the Earth during the Winter months. At the time I was a graduate student in anthropology at the University of British Columbia doing my field studies in the Salish Guardian Spirit Dance Ceremonials of the Pacific Northwest Coast (Kenny, 1982). Walker didn't seem to care as much about the academics as he cared about the fact that I was Native American myself. And he wanted to support my learning about healing and the arts. The Winter Dances, as the Salish people call them, are known for healing young adults in Pacific Northwest Coast Native societies who are not able to be cured by standard medical and psychological treatments (Kenny, 1982; Jilek, 1972).

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