Age of Inhalant First Time Use and its Association to the Use of other Drugs

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kele Ding ◽  
G. Andy Chang ◽  
Ron Southerland

Inhalants are the 4th most commonly abused drugs after alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Although inhalants are often referred as Gateway Drugs this hypothesis is less examined. Using the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data, age of first time inhalant use was compared with the age of onset of other drugs among 6466 inhalant users who also used at least one of 14 other drugs. Findings indicated that only 4.2% multiple drug users who used inhalants prior to other drugs, especially alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Thus, the theory that inhalants are gateway drugs was not supported.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin A.T.C. Lunenburg ◽  
Kazi Ishtiak-Ahmed ◽  
Thomas Werge ◽  
Christiane Gasse

Abstract Objective To describe life-time use of current actionable pharmacogenetic (PGx) somatic and psychotropic drugs according to international PGx consortia in people with and without hospital-diagnosed mental disorders in the Danish population. Methods Population- and register-based observational drug utilization study in 56 065 individuals with mental disorders, i. e. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia, and a random, representative sample of 29 975 individuals of the Danish population, born between 1981 and 2005. Individuals were followed from 1995 or birth until 2016 (for a maximum of 22 years). We report prevalence and incidence rates of PGx drug use by age, sex and mental disorders based on redeemed prescriptions between 1995 and 2016. Results Of the 69 PGx drugs, prescriptions of 39 drugs had been redeemed by the study population by 35 years of age. The use of at least 1 PGx drug varied between 23.1% in males without mental disorders and 97.2% in females with schizophrenia. Males with ADHD or autism were the youngest first-time PGx drug users at a mean of 11.6 years. The mean number of different PGx drugs used was 1.2 in males without mental disorders and 5.6 in individuals with schizophrenia. The prevalence of different PGx drugs linked to more than one gene was 25.3% in males without mental disorders to 94.1% in females with schizophrenia. Conclusion PGx drugs are commonly used by younger people, more often by individuals with mental disorders and by females. Panel-based PGx testing could contribute to treatment decisions at a very young age.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Sherli Shobur ◽  
Sulaiman Sulaiman

Background, Drugs can damage human health both physically, emotionally and the behavior of the user. an increase in drug trafficking during 2019 from the previous year of 0.03 percent. Most users are aged 15 to 65 years and exceed the three million people. more than 4 million Indonesians are drug users. The prevalence of abuse among students and college students is 3.21 percent or the equivalent of 2 million students who have abused drugs in 2018. Meanwhile, drug use among workers is 2.1 percent or more than 1.5 million people. So drugs are not only in Indonesia yes, around the world it's about the same. But in Indonesia we have increased by 0.03 percent. Approximately 3,600,000 people use this in Indonesia, "the trend of recruiting drug dealers in Palembang, South Sumatra is not only targeting housewives but also students on Palembang campuses. Purpose, This educational activity on the prevention of drug use aims to increase public knowledge of drug abuse methods, using extension methods and distributing leaflets, before counseling was carried out the first measurement, then monitoring was carried out two weeks later on the target group of 66 participants. The results, there was an increase in the knowledge of the target group from before and after the counseling was carried out. , the extension method is one of the effective media to educate the public on the prevention of drug use.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-205
Author(s):  
Jacklynn De Leon, BS, MPH ◽  
Sheniz Moonie, PhD ◽  
Jay J. Shen, PhD ◽  
Karen S. Gutierrez, BS ◽  
Chad L. Cross, PhD, PStat®

Objective: To provide an updated analysis of opioid-related injuries in Nevada and provide a first-time analysis of the intravenous drug user (IDU) population within Clark County.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Center for Health Information Analysis (CHIA) database and IDU data from Trac-B Exchange (Trac-B).Participants: Patients hospitalized for opioid-related causes (n = 9,064) and participants from Trac-B.Main outcome measure(s): Variables assessed included age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Zip codes were retrieved to find differences in geographical usage patterns of hospital or sterile injection equipment (SEP) sites. Contingency tables were utilized to determine the frequency of comorbidities. Additionally, GIS was used to investigate potential spatial patterns of interest.Results: Totally 5,268 out of the 9,064 opioid-related cases reported in Nevada were Clark County residents. The highest frequency for comorbidities associated with opioid-related hospitalizations (ORHs) included: infections, chronic bodily pain, and malnutrition. There was a higher proportion of 18-35-year-olds who used SEPs as compared to hospitals and a higher proportion of individuals aged 36 years or older who used hospitals as compared to using SEPs. Of the nearly 100 zip codes in Clark County, six showed a disproportionally high frequency of ORHs, and three comprised the majority of injection drug use.Conclusions: There is an opioid epidemic in Nevada that has contributed to addiction, heroin usage, injection drug use, and transmission of bloodborne diseases. Understanding the ORHs and intravenous drug use trends can help guide the development of program interventions.


Addiction ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ADRIAN WILKINSON ◽  
GILLIAN M. LEIGH ◽  
JOANNE CORDINGLEY ◽  
GARTH W. MARTIN ◽  
HAU LEI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3344
Author(s):  
Taís Tasqueto Tassinari ◽  
Marlene Gomes Terra ◽  
Keity Laís Siepmann Soccol ◽  
Valquiria Toledo Souto ◽  
Larissa Goya Pierry ◽  
...  

RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar a população de mulheres que realizaram tratamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Outras Drogas. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, documental, retrospectivo, a partir de consulta em prontuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas II. Utilizou-se, como instrumento de coleta de dados, um formulário criado pelas autoras a partir da plataforma Google. Analisaram-se os dados segundo análises estatísticas descritivas simples, a partir de tabelas. Resultados: verificou-se que, do total de 140 prontuários, o perfil predominante foi de mulheres solteiras (46,4%), com idade entre 30 e 49 anos (55%), com um filho (27,1%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (35,7%) e em uso de múltiplas drogas (41%), sendo o início do uso antes dos 18 anos (46,4%). Conclusão: reforça-se a necessidade de um recorte de gênero nas questões relacionadas ao uso de drogas, de forma que possam ser realizadas estratégias específicas de prevenção e cuidado adequadas, considerando as características identificadas. Descritores: Saúde Mental; Mulheres; Usuários de Drogas; Saúde da Mulher; Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias; Serviços de Saúde Mental.                                                                                                           ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the population of women who underwent treatment at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs. Method: this is a quantitative, documentary, retrospective study, based on the consultation in medical records of a Psychosocial Alcohol and Drug II Care Center. A form created by the authors from the Google platform was used as a data collection tool. Data was analyzed using simple descriptive statistical analyzes from tables. Results: it was found that of the total of 140 medical records, the predominant profile was single women (46.4%), aged between 30 and 49 years (55%), with one child (27.1%), with incomplete elementary school (35.7%) and multiple drug use (41%), with use beginning before age 18 (46.4%). Conclusion: the need for a gender cut in issues related to drug use is reinforced, so that specific prevention and care strategies can be carried out, considering the identified characteristics. Descriptors: Mental Health; Women; Drug Users; Women's Health; Substance-Related Disorders; Mental Health Services.                                                                                                            RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar la población de mujeres que realizaron tratamiento en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y Otras Drogas. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, documental, retrospectivo, a partir de la consulta en registros de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y Drogas II. Se utilizó, como instrumento de recolección de datos, un formulario creado por las autoras desde la plataforma Google. Se analizaron los datos según análisis estadísticos descriptivos simples, a partir de tablas. Resultados: se verificó que, del total de 140 registros, el perfil predominante fue de mujeres solteras (46,4%), con edad entre 30 y 49 años (55%), con un hijo (27,1%), con enseñanza media incompleta (35,7%) y en uso de múltiples drogas (41%), siendo el inicio del uso antes de los 18 años (46,4%). Conclusión: se refuerza la necesidad de un recorte de género en las cuestiones relacionadas al uso de drogas, de forma que puedan ser realizadas estrategias específicas de prevención y cuidado adecuadas, considerando las características identificadas. Descritores: Salud Mental; Mujeres; Consumidores de Drogas; Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias; Salud de la mujer; Servicios de Salud Mental.


2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
H.J. Kunert ◽  
F. Tuchtenhagen

Statement of the problemSo far, research on the long-term effects of chronic multiple drug abuse regarding specific neurocognitive function deficits has been only tentative. However, also regarding rehabilitation of mostly young long-time addicts, studies are urgently needed (e.g., ability to drive or operate machinery) which are directed at the typical abuse clusters (e.g., alcohol and cannabis) of subgroups in a heterogeneous cohort of drug users.MethodA group of 750 drug users was examined and the cognitive function deficits in various attentiveness systems compared against the retrospectively detected drug use pattern. Type, extent and stability of drug use were folowed back for 10 years.ResultsThe study subjects used drugs of different effects: While morphine was hardly associated with serious cognitive function deficits, with cannabis both the cumulative lifetime dosage and the duration of use correlated with subtle disorders of multimodal stimulus processing and control of eye movement. Cumulative use of alcohol also had a negative effect on the cognitive functions, particularly working memory and the frontal executive functions. The effect of amphetamines, methamphetamines and cocaine varied depending on which other drugs were used. Comorbidity (e.g., schizophrenia) also was important.DiscussionThese neurocognitive function disorders can lead to impairment of cognitive functions which may be needed professionally. The implications of these results for diagnosis and therapy of comorbid multiple drug users are discussed by means of cases.


2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Bowman ◽  
Lewis Caviness ◽  
Lee Ellen Coffey ◽  
David Cunningham ◽  
Rebecca Granger ◽  
...  

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