scholarly journals Molecular detection and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas from houseflies (Musca domestica) in Iran

2015 ◽  
pp. 4929-4936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Ommi ◽  
Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian ◽  
Elahe Tajbakhsh ◽  
Faham Khamesipour
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Isfahan Province ◽  
Alkaline Peptone Water ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Objective. This study aimed to report the molecular detection and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas among houseflies (Musca domestica) in Shahrekord and Isfahan provinces of Iran. Materials and methods. Flies were caught from household kitchens, cattle farms, animal hospitals, human hospitals, slaughter house and poultry farms and put in collection separate sterile tubes. Isolation was accomplished by culture of flies in alkaline peptone water followed by identification with Aeromonas-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results. Out of 600 houseflies 73 (12.2%) were infected with Aeromonas spp. Significantly higher frequencies of Aeromonas were isolated in Shahrekord province (13.0%; 39/300) than in Isfahan province (11.3%; 34/300). The recovery frequencies of the organisms were significantly lower in kitchens as compared to those in cattle farms and hospital wards which were similar. Higher proportions of infected flies were obtained during summer whereas low proportions were obtained during winter. Conclusions. It is concluded that houseflies do harbor diarrheagenic pathogens, including Aeromonas especially during summer. The carried organisms are resistant to a number of antimicrobials at different levels. Thus, future plans aimed at stemming infections caused by these organisms should take flies into account. Control efforts of infections caused by this particular bacterium should therefore take into account Musca domestica.

scholarly journals Dichlorvos Resistance in the House Fly Populations, Musca domestica, of Iranian Cattle Farms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Ahmadi ◽  
Jahangir Khajehali
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Isfahan Province ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Altered Sensitivity

Background: Insecticide resistance is one of the most important problems associated with the control of Musca domestica, due to the potential of the rapid development of resistance to different chemical insecticides. The present study was carried out to evaluate dichlorvos resistance in the house fly populations collected from central regions of Iran, Isfahan Province and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, during 2017 to 2019. Methods: Bioassays were carried out using a standard topical application method as well as a fumigation method. The Koohrang population (susceptible) with the lowest LD50 values to dichlorvos was chosen to calculate the resistance ratios (RR). Altered sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a target enzyme for dichlorvos, was investigated. Results: According to the results, very high levels of dichlorvos resistance were observed in the Mobarake population (RR= 80.25-fold by topical application and 33-fold by fumigation bioassay), and Isfahan population (RR= 107.30-fold by topical application and 43-fold by fumigation bioassay) compared to the Koohrang population. Acetylcholinesterase of the Koohrang population was the most sensitive to inhibition by dichlorvos based on the determination of median inhibitory concentration (IC50), but AChE of Mobarake and Isfahan populations were 741.93- and 343.94- fold less sensitive to inhibition. Conclusion: The insensitivity of AChE was possibly involved in dichlorvos resistance in the house fly populations.

scholarly journals Two Different Diagnosis Methods For The detection of cholera toxin production From Vibrio cholerae isolated from different areas in Iraq

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Atheer Abdulrazzaq
Keyword(s):  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Secretory Diarrhea ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Central Public Health ◽  
Alkaline Peptone Water ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Results

Fifty isolates of Vibrio cholerae obtained from different areas in Iraq from patients with acute secretory diarrhea were diagnosed serologically in central public health laboratory(CPHL), Two different methods were used for detection cholera toxin production ,the first based on the degradation of Nicotin Amide Adinine Dinucleotide( NAD) by Cholera toxin (CT). and the second was by detection CT gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).All Vibrio cholerae were cultured in alkaline peptone water, out of 50 isolates 46 (92%) were positive when we used NAD for the detection of cholera toxin(CT).Whereas all isolates gave positive results by PCR. From these data we conclude that the degradation of NAD by CT is simple and can be carried out in small laboratories, it is also easy to perform, and gives reproducible results, while PCR provides a more sensitive and specific assay for rapid diagnosis of cholera than currently available methods.

Antimicrobial resistance and ability to form biofilm of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from touch surfaces in Polish hospital wards

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Bulanda ◽  
Edyta Synowiec ◽  
Agnieszka Chmielarczyk ◽  
Dorota Romaniszyn ◽  
Anna Różańska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Hospital Wards
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