Novel Method for The Determination of Preservative (Formaldehyde) in Bovine Milk Through Smart Phone-Based Colorimetric Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Vipin K Gupta ◽  
R S Aulakh ◽  
S S Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Test Reaction ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Novel Method

The use of formaldehyde as a preservative is a very common practice to decrease the microbial load and to increase the shelf life of the milk. Its addition in food has immense adverse public health significance. The present study explored a simple, low-cost, rapid, reproducible, and field applicable Smartphone-based colorimetric technology, which was standardized and in-house validated for the quantitative determination of formaldehyde in milk samples. The method had simple steps of spot-test reaction and digital image analysis with the Red Green Blue approach. The linearity of the method was shown by analytical curves ranging from 0.25 ppm to 4 ppm that were characterized by R2 > 0.99. The limit of detection of 0.31 ppm demonstrated the sensitivity of the method to estimate formaldehyde residues in milk. Thus, we developed an innovative technology that uses an easily available device with potential of on-site quantification of formaldehyde in the supply chain. This technique is not only beneficial for end-users but also helps in achieving extension goals, which emphasize on the transfer of technology, i.e., moving out of the lab to the land.

UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Insecticide in Vegetables, Soil and Water Samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Sahu ◽  
Joyce Rai ◽  
Chhaya Bhatt ◽  
Manish K. Rai ◽  
Jyoti Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin

In modern age pesticide is used widely in agriculture. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is one of the most used pesticides which are used as a insecticide to kill pest, tricks, flies etc in agricultural field and it is also used for crop production. We have developed new method to detect LCT insecticide in agriculture field and reduce its uses. In this method we found the maximum absorbance at 460 nm for yellow colour dye. We also calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.001 mg kg-1 and 0.056 mg kg-1 respectively. Molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity was also calculated and obtained 1.782 ×107 mol-1 cm-1 and 9.996 ×10-6 µg cm-2 respectively. The obtained yellow colour dye obeyed Beer’s law limit range of 0.5 µg ml -1 to 16 µg ml-1 in 25 ml. This method is less time consuming, selective, simple, sensitive and low cost. Present method is successfully applied in various soil, water and vegetable samples.

scholarly journals Preparation of Cerium Oxide-MWCNTs Nanocomposite Bulk Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode: A Sensitive Sensor for Tamoxifen Determination in Human Serum Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Shafaei ◽  
Elyas Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Gulsah Saydan Kanberoglu ◽  
Balal Khalilzadeh ◽  
Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Carbon Ceramic Electrode ◽  
Carbon Ceramic

Abstract In this study, cerium oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite was incorporated into the carbon ceramic electrode (CeO2-MWCNTs/CCE) as a renewable electrode for the electrocatalytic purposes. To demonstrate capability of the fabricated electrode, determination of Tamoxifen as an important anticancer drug with differential pulse voltammetry technique was evaluated. Linear range, limit of detection and sensitivity of the developed sensor were found to be 0.2-40 nM, 0.132 nM and 1.478 µA nM-1 cm-2, respectively. Ease of production, low cost and high electron transfer rate of CeO2-MWCNTs/CCE promise it as a novel electro-analytical tool for determination of important species in real samples.

Simultaneous Multiresidue Analysis of (β-Lactam Antibiotics in Bovine Milk by Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection and Confirmation by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna L Tyczkowska ◽  
Robert D Voyksner ◽  
Rolf F Straub ◽  
Arthur L Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Electrospray Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Array Detector

Abstract A multiresidue analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, cephapirin, procaine penicillin G, ampicil-lin, cloxacillin, and ceftiofur in bovine milk. The method involved ultrafiltration of milk diluted with an equal volume of 50% acetonitrile through a 10 000 dalton molecular mass cutoff filter. Separation of these β-lactam antibiotics from other milk components was performed by ion-paired (octane- and dodecanesulfonate) liquid chromatography using a phenyl column eluted with acetonitrile-water solution. Ultraviolet ab-sorbance of the column effluent was monitored in the 200-350 nm range of a photodiode-array detector. For quantitation, the chromatograms were acquired at λ210 nm for penicillin G, am-picillin, and cloxacillin; λ230 nm for amoxicillin; and λ290 for cephapirin, procaine, and ceftiofur. The limit of detection for the simultaneous determination of these antibiotics was estimated to be 100 ppb. Liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry could be used to confirm these antibiotics for quantities down to 100 pg entering the mass spectrometer.

scholarly journals Characterization of handmade Nepali paper as a platform for paper analytical device to determine anti-diabetic drug

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Bhattarai ◽  
Sanam Pudasaini ◽  
Mukesh Sah ◽  
Bhanu Neupane ◽  
Basant Giri
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Metformin Concentration ◽  
Analytical Device

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need of eco-friendly and locally or distributed manufacturing of diagnostic and safety products. Here, we characterized five handmade papers for their potential application to make paper analytical device (PADs). The handmade papers were made from locally available plant fiber using eco-friendly method. Thickness, grammage, and apparent density of the paper samples ranged from 198 μm to 314 μm, 49 g/m2 to 117.8 g/m2, and 0.23 to 0.39 g/cm3, respectively. Moisture content, water filtration and wicking speed ranged from 5.2% to 7.1%, 35.7 to 156.7, and 0.062 to 0.124 mms-1, respectively. Further, water contact angle and porosity ranged from 76˚ to 112˚ and 79% to 83%, respectively. The best paper sample one was chosen to fabricate PADs which were used for the determination of metformin. The metformin assay on PADs followed linear range from 0.0625 to 0.5 mg/mL. The assay had limit of detection and limit of quantitation of 0.05 mg/mL and 0.18 mg/mL respectively. The new method was used to test metformin samples (n=20) collected from local pharmacies. The average amount of metformin concentration in samples was 465.6 ± 15.1mg/tablet. Three samples did not meet the regulatory standards. When compared with spectrophotometric method, PADs assay correctly predicted 18 out of 20 samples. The PADs assay on handmade paper may provide a low-cost and easy-to-use system to screening the quality of drugs and other point-of-need applications.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRICMETHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF GLIPIZIDEIN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
ANUJA SURYAWANSHI ◽  
AFAQUEANSARI ◽  
MALLINATH KALSHETTI
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Development And Validation

Objective: The present work is aimed to develop a simple, rapid, selective and economical UV spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of Glipizideinbulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Methods: In this method Dimethyl Form amide (DMF) was used as solvent, the absorption maxima was found to be275 nm in DMF. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness, robustness, LOD and LOQ in accordance with the requirements of ICH guideline. Results: The linearity was found to be 10-60 µg/ml having linear equation y=0.017x-0.006 with correlation coefficient of 0.997. The% recovery was found to be in the range of 98.7-100%. The % RSD for intra-day and inter-day precision was found to be 0.569923 and 0.40169 respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be3.06 µg/ml and 9.27 µg/ml respectively. Conclusion: The developed method was validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The novel method is applicable for the analysis of bulk drug in its pharmaceutical dosage form.

Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-741
Author(s):  
Krystyna Tyczkowska ◽  
James E Hutchins ◽  
Winston M Hagler
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Porcine Milk

Abstract The official AOAC method for aflatoxin M, in milk was modified by replacing cellulose column chromatography with cartridge chromatographic cleanup and replacing thin layer chromatographic (TLC) determination with liquid chromatographic (LC) quantitation to yield a new method for bovine and porcine milk. An acetone extract of milk is treated with lead acetate and defatted with hexane, and M1 is partitioned into chloroform as in the AOAC method. Chloroform is removed by evaporation under a stream of nitrogen at 50°C. The residue is dissolved in chloroform, the vessel is rinsed with hexane, and the 2 solutions are applied in sequence to a hexane-activated silica Sep-Pak cartridge. Less polar impurities are removed with hexane-ethyl ether, and M1 is eluted with chloroform-methanol, and determined by C18 reverse phase LC using fluorescence detection. Recoveries of M, added to bovine milk at 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 ng/mL were 90.8, 93.4, and 94.1%, respectively. The limit of detection was less than 0.1 ng M,/mL for both bovine and porcine milk.

scholarly journals Paracetamol Sensing with a Pencil Lead Electrode Modified with Carbon Nanotubes and Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Piyanut Pinyou ◽  
Vincent Blay ◽  
Kantapat Chansaenpak ◽  
Sireerat Lisnund
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Lead Electrode

The determination of paracetamol is a common need in pharmaceutical and environmental samples for which a low-cost, rapid, and accurate sensor would be highly desirable. We develop a novel pencil graphite lead electrode (PGE) modified with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer (PVP/SWCNT/PGE) for the voltammetric quantification of paracetamol. The sensor shows remarkable analytical performance in the determination of paracetamol at neutral pH, with a limit of detection of 0.38 μM and a linear response from 1 to 500 μM using square-wave voltammetry (SWV), which are well suited to the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations. The introduction of the polymer PVP can cause dramatic changes in the sensing performance of the electrode, depending on its specific architecture. These effects were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the co-localization and dispersion of PVP throughout the carbon nanotubes on the electrode are key to its superior electrochemical performance, facilitating the electrical contact between the nanotubes and with the electrode surface. The application of this sensor to commercial syrup and tablet preparations is demonstrated with excellent results.

scholarly journals Development of membrane electrodes for selective determination of lisinopril in pharmaceuticals

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagaraju Rajendraprasad ◽  
Kanakapura Basavaiah
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Selective Membrane

Abstract Background Lisinopril (LNP) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used as anti-hypertensive, cardiovascular, in anti-prophylactic and anti-diabetic nephropathy drug. Development of two new, simple, low cost, and selective membrane-based ion-selective electrodes has been proposed for the determination of LNP in pharmaceuticals. Methods The electrodes are based on poly(vinyl)chloride membrane doped with LNP-phosphotungstic acid (LNP-PTA) and LNP-phosphomolybdic acid (LNP-PMA) ion-pairs as molecular recognition materials. Results The developed LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA electrodes are applicable for the determination of LNP over the linear range of 5 × 10−5–2.4 × 10−3 mol l−1. The working pH ranges to measure potentials were 2.5 to 6.4 and 2.3 to 6.0 for LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA ISEs, respectively. The electrodes displayed the rapid Nernstian responses as revealed by the values of slopes 55.06 and 52.39 mV/decade, with limit of detection (LOD) values of 1.2 × 10−5 and 1.18 × 10−5 mol l−1 for LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA electrodes, respectively. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) values have also been calculated for both the electrodes. The developed electrodes have potential stability for up to 1 month and emerged as highly selective for the determination of LNP over other spiked ions and compounds. Conclusions The proposed electrodes have been validated and found that they are suitable for the determination of LNP in pharmaceuticals in pure form and in dosage forms. The results obtained in the analysis of LNP using proposed electrodes have been compared statistically with reference method’s results to assess the accuracy and precision. Robustness and ruggedness of the developed electrodes have also been checked and found satisfactory. The recovery studies have been performed by standard addition procedure to assess the role of excipients in tablets containing LNP and the results obtained are satisfactory.

scholarly journals Determination of ?iroctone Olamine (Octopirox) in Bulk by UV Spectrophotometric Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla M Antypenko ◽  
Vitaliy A Solodovnyk
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Limit Of Quantification

A simple and low-cost UV-spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the quantification of Octopirox in bulk. The linearity was found at 307 ± 1 nm in 10-50 ?g/ml solution of ethanol-water (1:3, v:v) with r2 = 0.99. The limit of detection was found to be 1.18 µg/ml, while the limit of quantification was 3.58 µg/ml. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, range, ruggedness and robustness.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(1): 37-42, 2017 (June)

scholarly journals Development of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction method combined with UV spectrophotometry for the Determination of Malathion Pesticide

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Wijdan Shakir Khayoon
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Binary Solution ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Salt Addition ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction

A simple and novel method was developed by combination of dispersive liquid-liquid microex-traction with UV spectrophotometry for the preconcentartion and determination of trace amount of malathion. The presented method is based on using a small volume of ethylenechloride as the extraction solvent was dissolved in ethanol as the dispersive solvent, then the binary solution was rapidly injected by a syringe into the water sample containing malathion. The important parame-ters, such the type and volume of extraction solvent and disperser solvent, the effect of extraction time and rate, the effect of salt addition and reaction conditions were studied. At the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 2-100 ng mL-1 of malathion with a limit of detection of 0.8 ng L-1. In addition, the enrichment factor was 30. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of malathion pesticide in water samples

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