scholarly journals Clinical Impact of Perioperative Oral Nutritional Treatment for Body Composition Changes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1727-1732
Author(s):  
TORU AOYAMA ◽  
MASATO NAKAZONO ◽  
SHINNOSUKE NAGASAWA ◽  
KENKI SEGAMI
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Nutritional Treatment ◽  
Composition Changes

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Body Composition in Patients Suffering From Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Its Correlation With Pulmonary Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiel F. M. Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Composition Changes

As part of an individualized intervention to improve the physical, emotional, and social functioning of patients with chronic respiratory diseases in general and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in particular, awareness of the presence and consequences of changes in body composition increased enormously during the last decades, and nutritional intervention is considered as an essential component in the comprehensive approach of these patients. This review describes the prevalence and the clinical impact of body composition changes and also provides an update of current intervention strategies. It is argued that body composition, preferentially a three-component evaluation of fat, lean, and bone mass, must become part of a thorough assessment of every patient, admitted for pulmonary rehabilitation.

Old Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Newcomers in Gastrointestinal Cancer Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giordani Erika ◽  
Zoratto Federica ◽  
Strudel Martina ◽  
Papa Anselmo ◽  
Rossi Luigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors

Body Mass and Body Composition Changes over 7 Years in a Male Professional Rugby Union Team

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clíodhna McHugh ◽  
Karen Hind ◽  
Aoife O'Halloran ◽  
Daniel Davey ◽  
Gareth Farrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Dxa Scans ◽  
Composition Changes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal body mass and body composition changes in one professional rugby union team (n=123), (i) according to position [forwards (n=58) versus backs (n=65)], analysis of players with 6 consecutive seasons of DXA scans (n=21) and, (iii) to examine differences by playing status [academy and international], over 7 years. Players [mean age: 26.8 y, body mass index: 28.9+kg.m2] received DXA scans at fourtime points within each year. A modest (but non-significant) increase in mean total mass (0.8 kg) for professional players was reflected by increased lean mass and reduced body fat mass. At all-time points, forwards had a significantly greater total mass, lean mass and body fat percentage compared to backs (p<0.05). Academy players demonstrated increased total and lean mass and decreased body fat percentage over the first 3 years of senior rugby, although this was not significant. Senior and academy international players had greater lean mass and lower body fat percentage (p<0.05) than non-international counterparts. Despite modest increases in total mass; reflected by increased lean mass and reduced fat mass, no significant changes in body mass or body composition, irrespective of playing position were apparent over 7 years.

scholarly journals The effects of an individualized exercise intervention on body composition in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Battaglini ◽  
Martim Bottaro ◽  
Carolyn Dennehy ◽  
Logan Rae ◽  
Edgar Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Changes in metabolism have been reported in the majority of patients undergoing cancer treatment, and these are usually characterized by progressive change in body composition. The effects of aerobic exercise programs to combat the cancer and cancer treatment-related side effects, which include the negative changes in body composition, have been extensively reported in the literature. However, few resistance exercise intervention studies have hypothesized that breast cancer patients might benefit from this type of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise protocols that emphasize resistance training would change body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized controlled trial, at the Campus Recreation Center and Rocky Mountain Cancer Rehabilitation Institute of the University of Northern Colorado, and the North Colorado Medical Center. METHODS: Twenty inactive breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to a 21-week exercise group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 10). The exercise group trained at low to moderate intensity for 60 minutes on two days/week. The primary outcome measurements included body composition (skinfold method) and muscle strength (one repetition maximum). RESULTS: Significant differences in lean body mass, body fat and strength (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, p = 0.025, respectively) were observed between the groups at the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that exercise emphasizing resistance training promotes positive changes in body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

Visceral Fat and Body Composition Changes in a Female Population After RYGBP: a Two-Year Follow-Up by DXA

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Bazzocchi ◽  
Federico Ponti ◽  
Stefano Cariani ◽  
Danila Diano ◽  
Luca Leuratti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Composition Changes

Maternal growth and body composition changes in adolescent pregnancy

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan I. Schall ◽  
Mary L. Hediger ◽  
Theresa O. Scholl ◽  
Richard L. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Composition Changes

scholarly journals Body Composition Changes in Gastric Cancer Patients during Preoperative FLOT Therapy: Preliminary Results of an Italian Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Antonia Strippoli ◽  
Marco Cintoni ◽  
Pauline Raoul ◽  
Raffaella Vivolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Tumor Regression Grade ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Composition Changes

Background: The impact of the new chemotherapy, fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) on body composition in gastric cancer (GC) patients remains unknown. We assessed body composition changes of GC patients receiving the FLOT regimen and their impact on treatment outcomes. Methods: Preoperative pre- and post-FLOT computed tomography (CT) scans of advanced GC patients were studied. Lumbar skeletal muscle index (SMI) and adipose indices were calculated before and after FLOT. Results: A total of 26 patients were identified between April 2019 and January 2020. Nineteen patients were sarcopenic at diagnosis. The mean BMI decreased (from 24.4 ± 3.7 to 22.6 ± 3.1; p < 0.0001) as well as the SMI (from 48.74 ± 9.76 to 46.52 ± 9.98; p = 0.009) and visceral adipose index (VAI) (from 49.04 ± 31.06 to 41.99 ± 23.91; p = 0.004) during preoperative FLOT therapy. BMI, SMI, and VAI variations were not associated with toxicity, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), response, delay and completion of perioperative FLOT chemotherapy, and the execution of gastrectomy; a decrease of SMI ≥ 5% was associated with a higher Mandard tumor regression grade (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Almost three-quarters (73.1%) of GC patients were sarcopenic at diagnosis. Preoperative FLOT was associated with a further reduction in SMI, BMI, and VAI. These changes were not associated with short-term outcomes.

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