scholarly journals LOH Analyses for Biological Effects of Space Radiation: Human Cell Culture in "Kibo" of International Space Station

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Yatagai ◽  
Akihisa Takahashi ◽  
Masamitsu Honma ◽  
Hiromi Suzuki ◽  
Katsunori Omori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Human Cell Culture ◽  
International Space

scholarly journals Predicting chromosome damage in astronauts participating in international space station missions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Feiveson ◽  
Kerry George ◽  
Mark Shavers ◽  
Maria Moreno-Villanueva ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
International Space ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subject Specific

AbstractSpace radiation consists of energetic protons and other heavier ions. During the International Space Station program, chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of astronauts have been analyzed to estimate received biological doses of space radiation. More specifically, pre-flight blood samples were exposed ex vivo to varying doses of gamma rays, while post-flight blood samples were collected shortly and several months after landing. Here, in a study of 43 crew-missions, we investigated whether individual radiosensitivity, as determined by the ex vivo dose–response of the pre-flight chromosome aberration rate (CAR), contributes to the prediction of the post-flight CAR incurred from the radiation exposure during missions. Random-effects Poisson regression was used to estimate subject-specific radiosensitivities from the preflight dose–response data, which were in turn used to predict post-flight CAR and subject-specific relative biological effectiveness (RBEs) between space radiation and gamma radiation. Covariates age, gender were also considered. Results indicate that there is predictive value in background CAR as well as radiosensitivity determined preflight for explaining individual differences in post-flight CAR over and above that which could be explained by BFO dose alone. The in vivo RBE for space radiation was estimated to be approximately 3 relative to the ex vivo dose response to gamma irradiation. In addition, pre-flight radiosensitivity tended to be higher for individuals having a higher background CAR, suggesting that individuals with greater radiosensitivity can be more sensitive to other environmental stressors encountered in daily life. We also noted that both background CAR and radiosensitivity tend to increase with age, although both are highly variable. Finally, we observed no significant difference between the observed CAR shortly after mission and at > 6 months post-mission.

scholarly journals Space Radiation Dosimetry to Evaluate the Effect of Polyethylene Shielding in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Nagamatsu ◽  
Marco Casolino ◽  
Oscar Larsson ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ito ◽  
Nakahiro Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Radiation Dosimetry ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
International Space ◽  
Space Radiation Dosimetry

scholarly journals Practicalities of dose management for Japanese astronauts staying at the International Space Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
T. Komiyama
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
International Space ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Dose Management ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Japanese astronauts started staying at the International Space Station (ISS) in 2009, with each stay lasting for approximately 6 months. In total, seven Japanese astronauts have stayed at the ISS eight times. As there is no law for protection against space radiation exposure of astronauts in Japan, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) created its own rules and has applied them successfully to radiation exposure management for Japanese ISS astronauts, collaborating with ISS international partners. Regarding dose management, JAXA has implemented several dose limits to protect against both the stochastic effects of radiation and dose-dependent tissue reactions. The scope of the rules includes limiting exposure during spaceflight, exposure during several types of training, and exposure from astronaut-specific medical examinations. We, therefore, are tasked with calculating the dose from all exposure types applied to the dose limits annually for each astronaut. Whenever a Japanese astronaut is at the ISS, we monitor readings of an instrument in real-time to confirm that the exposed dose is below the set limits, as the space radiation environment can fluctuate in relation to solar activity.

scholarly journals Detection of DNA damage by space radiation in human fibroblasts flown on the International Space Station

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Lu ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Michael Wong ◽  
Alan Feiveson ◽  
Ramona Gaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
International Space

scholarly journals Space Radiation Dosimetry at the Exposure Facility of the International Space Station for the Tanpopo Mission

Astrobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kodaira ◽  
Masayuki Naito ◽  
Yukio Uchihori ◽  
Hirofumi Hashimoto ◽  
Hajime Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Radiation Dosimetry ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
International Space ◽  
Space Radiation Dosimetry
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