scholarly journals An electromyographic study of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle during jaw-opening.

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Anterior Belly

scholarly journals Ultrasound examination of swallowing disorder characteristics in patients with oncopathology of the oral cavity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
A. O. Kushta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Tongue Base ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
Tongue Surface ◽  
Anterior Belly ◽  
Longitudinal Examination

The aim of the study was to compare the dynamics of oral and oropharyngeal muscles contraction during swallowing in normal individuals and in patients with malignant tumors depending on the clinical disease using ultrasound. Materials and methods. The study included 29 patients aged 38–55 years (men), normtrophic, who were treated in the Department of Head and Neck Tumors of Podolsk Regional Oncology Center for malignant tumors of the tongue, floor of the mouth and oropharynx. Among them, there were 12 patients with cancer of the lateral tongue surface, 9 - with oral mucosa cancer and 8 – with tongue base cancer. Scanning was performed in the sagittal and frontal planes with a 7.5 MHz sensor in two modes (B and M) at rest and during swallowing in several stages on the TOSHIBA device (Model USDI-A500A/EL; Serial No. ELA14Z2082). B-mode was the main one in all the studied areas where one image frame was vertically lined up. The swallowing act was assessed in M-mode (a length of the axial movement). The obtained indicators were compared with the normal ones. Results. The work was carried out to verify the musculoskeletal complex involved in the act of swallowing. Measurements of several indicators were performed revealing a violation of the swallowing act, namely a decrease in indicators in the longitudinal and lateral examination of the sublingual muscle group in B-mode and M-mode in patients diagnosed with cancer of the tongue base and mucosa of the mouth floor. In addition, a deviation and displacement of the musculoskeletal complex to the healthy contralateral side with preserved muscle function in patients diagnosed with the lateral tongue surface cancer was revealed by M-mode ultrasound of the swallowing act. Conclusions. In patients with malignant tumors of the lateral tongue surface, the longitudinal examination of the sublingual muscle group in B-mode ultrasound showed decreased indicators by 7 % and in the lateral projection of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle in M-mode – by 3.5 times. In tongue base cancer, the mentohyoid distance was merely 4 mm reduced during the act of swallowing, and in the longitudinal projection of the sublingual muscle group - by only 5 %. In oral mucosa cancer, there was the lowest reduction in the mentohyoid distance, about 4 mm when swallowing, (in healthy people 8–12 mm) and decreased indicators in longitudinal examination of the sublingual muscle group by 8 % in B-mode, in lateral M-mode ultrasound – by 2 mm.

Lateral Congenital Anomalies of the Pharyngeal Apparatus: Part III. Cadaveric Representation of the Course of Second and Third Cleft and Pouch Fistulas

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1257-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Mirilas
Keyword(s):  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Pharyngeal Apparatus ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Anterior Belly

“Stepladder” surgery for fistula from second or third pharyngeal cleft and pouch is “blind.” Neither intraoperative methylene blue injection and probing nor preoperative imaging (fistulo-gram ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) reveal three-dimensional anatomic relations of fistulas. This article describes the most common second and third fistula courses and demonstrates representation of their tracts with wires in human cadavers. A second cleft and pouch fistula, at its external opening, pierces superficial cervical fascia (and platysma), then investing cervical fascia, and travels under the sternocleidomastoid muscle, superficial to the sternohyoid and anterior belly of omohyoid. It ascends along the carotid sheath, and at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage it pierces the pretracheal fascia. Characteristically, it courses between the carotid bifurcation and over the hypoglossal nerve. After passing beneath the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the stylohyoid, it hooks around both glossopharyngeal nerve and stylopharyngeus muscle. The fistula reaches the pharynx below the superior constrictor muscle. The course of a third cleft and pouch fistula is similar until it has pierced pretracheal fascia; then it passes over the hypoglossal nerve and behind the internal carotid, finally descending parallel to the superior laryngeal nerve, reaching the thyrohyoid membrane cranial to the nerve.

scholarly journals Morphometrics of the Anterior Belly and Intermediate Tendon of the Digastric Muscle

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1321-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Zdilla ◽  
Alex R. Pancake ◽  
H. Wayne Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Anterior Belly

Fine structure of myotendinous junction between the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and intermediate tendon in adults rats

Micron ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Polican Ciena ◽  
Sonia Regina Yokomizo de Almeida ◽  
Fernando José Dias ◽  
Cristina de Sousa Bolina ◽  
João Paulo Mardegan Issa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Myotendinous Junction ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Anterior Belly

scholarly journals Masticatory Function and Maturation of the Jaw-Opening Reflex

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidsanu Changsiripun ◽  
Tadachika Yabushita ◽  
Kunimichi Soma
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Jaw Opening Reflex ◽  
Anterior Belly ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that alteration in masticatory function due to liquid-diet feeding during growth does not affect jaw-opening reflex (JOR) maturation. Materials and Methods: Soon after weaning, 70 female Wistar rats were divided into two equal groups and fed either solid (control group) or liquid (experimental group) diets. At 5, 9, and 13 weeks, the rats were anesthetized and the JOR was recorded in the anterior belly of the digastric muscles as evoked by a low-intensity electrical stimulation of the left inferior alveolar nerve. Results: There were similar tendencies at each recording age. Peak-to-peak amplitude of the JOR was significantly smaller, and the latency was significantly longer in the experimental group, although the duration was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: These data suggest that long-term masticatory functional change due to liquid-diet feeding during growth may impede the learning for JOR maturation, and thus may affect the masticatory performance in the adult.

scholarly journals Anatomical Study of the Digastric Muscle: Variations in the Anterior Belly

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Maria Liquidate ◽  
Mirna Duarte Barros ◽  
Adriana Leal Alves ◽  
Celina Siqueira Barbosa Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Anterior Belly

Comparison of External Load Compensation During Rhythmic Arm Movements and Rhythmic Jaw Movements in Humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1209-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Abbink ◽  
A. van der Bilt ◽  
F. Bosman ◽  
H. W. van der Glas ◽  
C. J. Erkelens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Reflex Activity ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Induced Responses ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
Jaw Muscles ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Arm Muscles

Experiments were performed on human elbow flexor and extensor muscles and jaw-opening and -closing muscles to observe the effect on rhythmic movements of sudden loading. The load was provided by an electromagnetic device, which simulated the appearance of a smoothly increasing spring-like load. The responses to this loading were compared in jaw and elbow movements and between expected and unexpected disturbances. All muscles showed electromyographic responses to unexpected perturbations, with latencies of ∼65 ms in the arm muscles and 25 ms in the jaw. When loading was predictable, anticipatory responses started in arm muscles ∼200 ms before and in jaw muscles 100 ms before the onset of loading. The reflex responses relative to the anticipatory responses were smaller for the arm muscles than for the jaw muscles. The reflex responses in the arm muscles were the same with unexpected and expected perturbations, whereas anticipation increased the reflex responses in the jaw muscles. Biceps brachii and triceps brachii showed similar sensory-induced responses and similar anticipatory responses. Jaw muscles differed, however, in that the reflex response was stronger in masseter than in digastric. It was concluded that reflex responses in the arm muscles cannot overcome the loading of the arm adequately, which is compensated by a large centrally programmed response when loading is predictable. The jaw muscles, particularly the jaw-closing muscles, tend to respond mainly through reflex loops, even when loading of the jaw is anticipated. The differences between the responses of the arm and the jaw muscles may be related to physical differences. For example, the jaw was decelerated more strongly by the load than the heavier arm. The jaw was decelerated strongly but briefly, <30 ms during jaw closing, indicating that muscle force increased before the onset of reflex activity. Apparently, the force-velocity properties of the jaw muscles have a stabilizing effect on the jaw and have this effect before sensory induced responses occur. The symmetrical responses in biceps and triceps indicate similar motor control of both arm muscles. The differences in reflex activity between masseter and digastric muscle indicate fundamental differences in sensory feedback to the jaw-closing muscle and jaw-opening muscle.

Noxious stimuli do not determine reflex cardiorespiratory effects in anesthetized rabbits

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2421-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raimondi ◽  
J. M. Legramante ◽  
F. Iellamo ◽  
G. Frisardi ◽  
S. Cassarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Noxious Stimuli ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Raimondi, G., J. M. Legramante, F. Iellamo, G. Frisardi, S. Cassarino, and G. Peruzzi. Noxious stimuli do not determine reflex cardiorespiratory effects in anesthetized rabbits. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2421–2427, 1996.—The main purpose of this study is to examine whether the stimulation of an exclusively pain-sensing receptive field (dental pulp) could determine cardiorespiratory effects in animals in which the cortical integration of the peripheral information is abolished by deep anesthesia. In 15 anesthetized (α-chloralose and urethan) rabbits, low (3-Hz)- and high-frequency (100-Hz) electrical dental pulp stimulation was performed. Because this stimulation caused dynamic and static reflex contractions of the digastric muscles leading to jaw opening [jaw-opening reflex (JOR); an indirect sign of algoceptive fiber activation], experimentally induced direct dynamic and static contractions of the digastric muscle were also performed. The low- and high-frequency stimulation of the dental pulp determined cardiovascular [systolic arterial pressure (SAP): −21.7 ± 4.6 and 10.8 ± 4.7 mmHg, respectively] and respiratory [pulmonary ventilation (V˙e): 145.1 ± 44.9 and 109.3 ± 28.4 ml /min, respectively] reflex responses similar to those observed during experimentally induced dynamic (SAP: −17.5 ± 4.2 mmHg;V˙e: 228.0 ± 58.5 ml /min) and static (SAP: 5.8 ± 1.5 mmHg;V˙e: 148.0 ± 75.3 ml /min) muscular contractions. The elimination of digastric muscular contraction (JOR) obtained by muscular paralysis did away with the cardiovascular changes induced by dental pulp stimulation, the effectiveness of which in stimulating dental pulp receptors has been shown by recording trigeminal-evoked potentials in six additional rabbits. The main conclusion was that, in deeply anesthetized animals, an algesic stimulus is unable to determine cardiorespiratory effects, which appear to be exclusively linked to the stimulation of ergoreceptors induced by muscular contraction.

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