scholarly journals Poll on Smoking in Respiratory Disease Patients in a Farm Area of Akita Prefecture and the Relationship of Smoking and Carbon monoxide in the Expired Air.

1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Toyokazu TAMURA ◽  
Katsumi ENDOH ◽  
Norihiko HIROTA ◽  
Tohru KIKUTHI ◽  
Susumu KISHIBE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Akita Prefecture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Expired Air

COVID-19 in children: Pathogenesis and current status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Frenkel ◽  
Fernando Gomez ◽  
Joseph A Bellanti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Since its initial description in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed into a worldwide pandemic, which has affected millions of lives. Unlike the disease in adults, the vast majority of children with COVID-19 have mild symptoms and are largely spared from severe respiratory disease. However, thereare children who have significant respiratory disease, and some may develop a hyperinflammatory response similar to thatseen in adults with COVID-19 and in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), which has been termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).Objective: The purpose of this report was to examine the current evidence that supports the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 in children and the relationship of COVID-19 with KD and MIS-C as a basis for a better understanding of the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of these clinically perplexing conditions.Results: The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is carried out in two distinct but overlapping phases of COVID-19: the first triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself and the second by the host immune response. Children with KD have fewer of the previously described COVID-19–associated KD features with less prominent acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock than children with MIS-C.Conclusion: COVID-19 in adults usually includes severe respiratory symptoms and pathology, with a high mortality. Ithas become apparent that children are infected as easily as adults but are more often asymptomatic and have milder diseasebecause of their immature immune systems. Although children are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they canpresent with a SARS-CoV-2–associated MIS-C similar to KD.

Nutrition for the Japanese Elderly

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shibata ◽  
H. Nagai ◽  
H. Haga ◽  
S. Yasumura ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Okinawa Prefecture ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Japanese Elderly ◽  
Akita Prefecture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present paper examines the relationship of nutritional status to further life expectancy and health status in the Japanese elderly based on 3 epidemiological studies. Nutrient intakes in 94 Japanese centenarians investigated between 1972 and 1973 showed a higher proportion of animal protein to total proteins than in contemporary average Japanese. High intakes of milk and fats and oils had favorable effects on 10-year (1976–1986) survivorship in 422 urban residents aged 69–71. The survivors revealed a longitudinal increase in intakes of animal foods such as eggs, milk, fish and meat over the 10 years. Nutrient intakes were compared, based on 24-hour dietary records, between a sample from Okinawa Prefecture where life expectancies at birth and 65 were the longest in Japan, and a sample from Akita Prefecture where the life expectancies were much shorter. Intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamins A, B1, B2, C, and the proportion of energy from proteins and fats were significantly higher in the former than in the latter. Intakes of carbohydrates and NaCl were lower.

Study on the relationship of air pollution to respiratory disease in schoolchildren

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.F. Kerrebijn ◽  
A.R.M. Mourmans ◽  
K. Biersteker
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

COVID-19 in children: Pathogenesis and current status

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Frenkel ◽  
Fernando Gomez ◽  
Joseph A. Bellanti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Since its initial description in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed into a worldwide pandemic, which has affected millions of lives. Unlike the disease in adults, the vast majority of children with COVID-19 have mild symptoms and are largely spared from severe respiratory disease. However, there are children who have significant respiratory disease, and some may develop a hyperinflammatory response similar to that seen in adults with COVID-19 and in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), which has been termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Objective: The purpose of this report was to examine the current evidence that supports the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 in children and the relationship of COVID-19 with KD and MIS-C as a basis for a better understanding of the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of these clinically perplexing conditions. Results: The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is carried out in two distinct but overlapping phases of COVID-19: the first triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself and the second by the host immune response. Children with KD have fewer of the previously described COVID-19‐associated KD features with less prominent acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock than children with MIS-C. Conclusion: COVID-19 in adults usually includes severe respiratory symptoms and pathology, with a high mortality. It has become apparent that children are infected as easily as adults but are more often asymptomatic and have milder disease because of their immature immune systems. Although children are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they can present with a SARS-CoV-2‐associated MIS-C similar to KD.

Self-Reported Smoking and Measurement of Expired Air Carbon Monoxide in a Clinical Treatment

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña ◽  
Fernando L. Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Program ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Expired Air

In this study was evaluated the relationship between self-reported smoking rate and expired air carbon monoxide in 208 smokers who had attended a behavioral program for smoking cessation. A close relationship between carbon monoxide levels and self-reports was found at the end of treatment and in all follow-ups (6 and 12 mo.), around 100% concordance. Thus, support was found for the use of an expired air carbon monoxide measure as a valid and easy way of corroborating self-report data when required.

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