scholarly journals Vibrio parahaemolyticus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi TAKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli

Production of pili on Vibrio parahaemolyticus

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Honda ◽  
Michiko Arita ◽  
Edelira Ayala ◽  
Toshio Miwatani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Marine Agar

Electron microscopic examination showed that all strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus examined had pili on their surface when the organism was grown on marine agar at 28 °C for 6–12 h. The pili were morphologically stable on heat treatment at 60 °C for 10 min, but both the lateral and polar flagella possessed by this organism were labile. No immunological cross-reactivity between pili of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae non-01 and those of V. parahaemolyticus was observed.

scholarly journals Enumeration of Gut-Homing β7-Positive, Pathogen-Specific Antibody-Secreting Cells in Whole Blood from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli- and Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients, Determined Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan ◽  
Mohammad Rubel Hoq ◽  
Naoshin Sharmin Nishat ◽  
Deena Al Mahbuba ◽  
Rasheduzzaman Rashu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Elispot Assay ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Secreting Cells

ABSTRACTVibrio choleraeand enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) are noninvasive mucosal pathogens that cause acute watery diarrhea in people in developing countries. Direct assessment of the mucosal immune responses to these pathogens is problematic. Surrogate markers of local mucosal responses in blood are increasingly being studied to determine the mucosal immune responses after infection. However, the volume of blood available in children and infants has limited this approach. We assessed whether an approach that first isolates β7-positive cells from a small volume of blood would allow measurement of the antigen-specific immune responses in patients with cholera and ETEC infection. β7 is a cell surface marker associated with mucosal homing. We isolated β7-expressing cells from blood on days 2, 7, and 30 and used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay to assess the gut-homing antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) specific to pathogen antigens. Patients with ETEC diarrhea showed a significant increase in toxin-specific gut-homing ASCs at day 7 compared to the levels at days 2 and 30 after onset of illness and to the levels in healthy controls. Similar elevations of responses to the ETEC colonization factors (CFs) CS6 and CFA/I were observed in patients infected with CS6- and CFA/I-positive ETEC strains. Antigen-specific gut-homing ASCs to the B subunit of cholera toxin and cholera-specific lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were also observed on day 7 after the onset of cholera using this approach. This study demonstrates that a simple ELISPOT assay can be used to study the mucosal immunity to specific antigens using a cell-sorting protocol to isolate mucosal homing cells, facilitating measurement of mucosal responses in children following infection or vaccination.

scholarly journals Impact of Rapid Urbanization on the Rates of Infection by Vibrio cholerae O1 and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahima Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Arif Rahman ◽  
Yasmin A. Begum ◽  
Ashraful I. Khan ◽  
Abu S. G. Faruque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

scholarly journals Etiology of acute diarrhea in children in Shanghai, 2015-2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailing Chang ◽  
Jiayin Guo ◽  
Zhongqiu Wei ◽  
Zheng Huang ◽  
Chuning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Fresh Stool

Abstract Background Diarrhea is still a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. This hospital-based study aimed to monitor the consecutive epidemiological trend of etiology in children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai.Methods Outpatient children with diarrhea were prospectively enrolled within 7 days after onset of diarrheal symptoms during 2015-2018. Fresh stool samples were collected for testing enteropathogens. Enteric bacteria were identified and typed through culture and serotyping. Enteric viruses were identified through real-time PCR assay. hadResults Enteric pathogens were identified in 1572 (58.4%) of the 2692 enrolled children with acute diarrhea. Viruses were more frequently detected than bacteria (41.3% versus 25.0%), and co-infection with 2 or more pathogens was found in 13% of outpatients. Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp . (NTS) was the most common bacteria with 10.3% of isolate rate, followed by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) (6.5%), enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) (6.2%), Campylobacter spp . (3.6%), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (1.1%), Shigella spp . (0.2%), and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) (0.1%). Rotavirus was the most common virus with 16.0% of detection rate, followed by norovirus (15.5%), adenovirus (7.2%), sapovirus (3.0%) and astrovirus (2.7%).Conclusions Infectious diarrhea remains the major cause of diarrhea in children in Shanghai. Rotavirus, norovirus and NTS were the major enteric pathogens responsible for diarrhea in Shanghainese children. Improving uptake of rotavirus vaccine and strengthening prevention of foodborne pathogens will be helpful to reduce the burden of diarrheal diseases in children in Shanghai.

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