scholarly journals International Medical Consensus Documents and Guidelines as the Basis for Getting Knowledge of Clinical Disciplines by Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostyslav Sabadosh ◽  
Marta Kupnovytska-Sabadosh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Labor Compensation ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Rapid Changes

The latest data on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with specific diseases are primarily accumulated in the international consensus documents and guidelines according to scientific evidence. In Ukraine, these documents are used mainly by the scientists who present the results of their clinical trials at various congresses and professional association meetings. As for Ukrainian students, the textbooks remain the main source of their knowledge; due to a long process of their preparing and publishing, they do not keep pace with rapid changes in the international documents. One way to solve the problem described is to reorient the methodology of training students. The fundamental postulates of such training should be as follows: the study of each disease semiotics should be based on the universally accepted criteria for its diagnosis described in the latest consensus documents, and the study of treatment methods for each disease should be based on the most important international guidelines according to scientific evidence. The tasks mentioned above can be implemented through teachers’ focusing on information taken from the international guidelines and consensus documents, introducing references to these documents in the methodological materials for students, increasing students’ English proficiency, creating database for the exams on the basis of the international guidelines and consensus documents, and clear agreement of Ukrainian and international medical terminology. The implementation of all the above mentioned is not an easy task, as the introduction of any changes requires appropriate funding including labor compensation for those who provide this introduction. However, without an operative system of acquainting students with the latest achievements in medical science supported by consensus documents of the universally recognized international medical organizations, Ukrainian medicine will not be able to keep pace with global medicine, and medical graduates, at the start of their career, will lag behind their colleagues abroad.

scholarly journals Gomeopatiya i allergiya. Professional'nye debaty v zerkale dokazatel'noy meditsiny

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
N G Astafieva ◽  
D Y Kobzev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Modern Analytical

At the present time there is no credible scientific evidence on the effectiveness of homeopathy in asthma, allergies and other diseases. In the available publications, Cochrane reviews, meta-analyzes of homeopathy effect comparable to placebo. From a scientific point of view, we did not receive an explanation mechanism of action of homeopathic dilutions of drugs, laid down in the concept of potentiation. In the light of the best available data to date there is no reason to include homeopathy in clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with various diseases. To change the view of the value of homeopathic medicines need modern analytical methods, revealing the structure of the proposed pills and other medicines, and to study the true therapeutic homeopathy capabilities required to conduct comparative studies, clinical trials, appropriate medical science and made according to strict rules, adopted by the international medical community.

International Medical Graduates in Nephrology: A Guide for Trainees and Programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304.e1
Author(s):  
Javier A. Neyra ◽  
Maria Clarissa Tio ◽  
Silvia Ferrè
Keyword(s):  
International Medical ◽  
International Medical Graduates ◽  
Medical Graduates

scholarly journals Arguments about face masks and Covid-19 reflect broader methodologic debates within medical science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Pearce ◽  
Jan Paul Vandenbroucke
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Scientific Challenge

AbstractThere has perhaps been no issue as contentious in Covid-19 as face masks. The most contentious scientific debate has been between those who argue that “there is no scientific evidence”, by which they mean that there are no randomized controlled trials (RCTs), versus those who argue that when the evidence is considered together, “the science supports that face coverings save lives”. It used to be a ‘given’ that to decide whether a particular factor, either exogenous or endogenous, can cause a particular disease, and in what order of magnitude, one should consider all reasonably cogent evidence. This approach is being increasingly challenged, both scientifically and politically. The scientific challenge has come from methodologic views that focus on the randomized controlled trial (RCT) as the scientific gold standard, with priority being given, either to evidence from RCTs or to observational studies which closely mimic RCTs. The political challenge has come from various interests calling for the exclusion of epidemiological evidence from consideration by regulatory and advisory committees.

Experience of clinical supervisors of international medical graduates in an Australian district hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Henderson ◽  
Pam D. McGrath ◽  
Mary Anne Patton
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
International Medical ◽  
International Medical Graduates ◽  
Clinical Supervisors ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Junior Staff

Objective Herein we record the experience of clinical supervisors of international medical graduates (IMGs) working as junior staff in a district hospital by examining supervisor perspectives on IMG performance, the factors affecting their performance and the requirements of supervision under these circumstances. Methods The present study had an open-ended exploratory qualitative design. Thirteen 13 open-ended, in-depth interviews were undertaken with supervisors of IMGs employed in a public district hospital in Queensland, Australia. Results The supervisors reported that, although performance was an individual and variable characteristic, IMGs tended to perform less well than Australian graduates and required more intensive supervision. Factors that affected performance were motivation and experience, and specifically lack of familiarity with the Australian healthcare system, lack of recent of practice, education, language, communication and cultural factors. English language proficiency was regarded as crucial to performance. Conclusions The additional work required to supervise IMGs in order to enable them to perform at a satisfactory level and successfully integrate into the Australian healthcare system needs to be recognised and resourced. Assistance with attaining proficiency in English and with communication skills over and above the standard required to pass the International English Language Testing System examination should be seriously considered as a means of improving performance. What is known about the topic? To date, there is little research available about the experience of supervisors of IMGs in Australia. What does this paper add? The findings of the present study make an important contribution to the literature by examining the critical role clinical supervisors of IMGs have in helping IMGs adapt to the Australian healthcare system and ensuring that they are able to provide quality health care. It identifies current challenges and highlights areas in need of attention to ensure a strong healthcare system for Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? Supervisors of IMGs need recognition of the extra time and expertise required in their role if they are to be effectively supported in their endeavours to integrate IMGs into the Australian health workforce. More attention needs to be given to the development of English language proficiency of IMGs, including colloquial usage, and communication in medical practice.

scholarly journals Intraoperative hypothermia during vascular neurosurgical procedures

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. E24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Choi ◽  
Robert H. Andres ◽  
Gary K. Steinberg ◽  
Raphael Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Ischemic Damage ◽  
Intraoperative Hypothermia ◽  
Improved Outcomes

Increasing evidence in animal models and clinical trials for stroke, hypoxic encephalopathy for children, and traumatic brain injury have shown that mild hypothermia may attenuate ischemic damage and improve neurological outcome. However, it is less clear if mild intraoperative hypothermia during vascular neurosurgical procedures results in improved outcomes for patients. This review examines the scientific evidence behind hypothermia as a treatment and discusses factors that may be important for the use of this adjuvant technique, including cooling temperature, duration of hypothermia, and rate of rewarming.

Predictors of Matching in Ophthalmology Residency for International Medical Graduates

Ophthalmology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-975.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd H. Driver ◽  
Allison R. Loh ◽  
Damien Joseph ◽  
Jeremy D. Keenan ◽  
Ayman Naseri
Keyword(s):  
International Medical ◽  
International Medical Graduates ◽  
Medical Graduates
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