scholarly journals Wiedza mieszkańców gminy Lipno na temat raka jelita grubego

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Mariola Rybka ◽  
◽  
Agnieszka Stróżyńska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Varied Level

Introduction. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, regardless of gender. Most often it affects the rectal area. In Poland, the dynamics of morbidity is much greater than in Europe. There is an upward trend in the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer among the population. Aim. The aim of the research was to find out the level of knowledge of the in-habitants of the Lipno commune about colorectal cancer and the range of health habits. Material and methods. The research was carried out on a group of 100 re-spondents from the commune and city of Lipno. The respondents were diverse in terms of age, sex, education and place of residence. A questionnaire of the own-made questionnaire and the IZZ questionnaire were used for the evalua-tion. Results. The group of respondents was 100 people, 53% of whom were wom-en, while men - 47%, the average age of the respondents was 44.6 years. The point mean of the level of knowledge of the respondents was - 5.82 points. The result shows a low level of knowledge. Conclusions. The conducted research showed a varied level of respondents' knowledge and different health behaviours. The group of respondents was characterized by a low level of knowledge about the prevention of colorectal cancer.

Epidemiological aspects of colorectal cancer in the world and the Republic of Uzbekistan: A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
M. N. Tillyashaykhov ◽  
O. A. Rakhimov ◽  
A. A. Adilkhodjayev ◽  
S. M. Djanklich
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: GLOBOCAN 2019 reports that colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third among mortality causes and forth among the new diagnosed cases in the world. CRC incidence is growing worldwide and in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Thus, in the Republic of Uzbekistan CRC ranks fifth in the general cancer structure and second in men. The purpose of the study was to assess of global trends in CRC epidemiology and the CRC incidence in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2018-2019. Results: Global CRC incidence and mortality trends varied by territory and level of economic development. Gender differences were also revealed: CRC was more common in men (1.25:0.8). Conclusions: An upward trend in CRC incidence revealed in the study of CRC oncoepidemiological situation in the Republic of Uzbekistan determines the need for further studies of territorial differences and the search for CRC occurrence factors

scholarly journals The Four Horsemen in Colon Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Hernández-Luna ◽  
Sergio López-Briones ◽  
Rosendo Luria-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Worldwide, neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract have a very high incidence and mortality. Among these, colorectal cancer, which includes colon and rectum malignancies, representing both highest incidence and mortality. While gallbladder cancer, another neoplasm associated to gastrointestinal tract occurs less frequently. Genetic factors, inflammation and nutrition are important risk factors associated with colorectal cancer development. Likewise, pathogenic microorganisms inducing intestinal dysbiosis have become an important scope to determine the role of bacterial infection on tumorigenesis. Interestingly, in human biopsies of different types of gastrointestinal tract cancer, the presence of different bacterial strains, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis and Salmonella enterica have been detected, and it has been considered as a high-risk factor to cancer development. Therefore, pathogens infection could contribute to neoplastic development through different mechanisms; including intestinal dysbiosis, inflammation, evasion of tumoral immune response and activation of pro-tumoral signaling pathways, such as β catenin. Here, we have reviewed the suggested bacterial molecular mechanisms and their possible role on development and progression of gastrointestinal neoplasms, focusing mainly on colon neoplasms, where the bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis and Salmonella enterica infect.

Opportunistic Colorectal Cancer Screening using Colonoscopy. Comparative Results between two Historical Cohorts in Bucharest, Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Mirela Ionescu ◽  
Tudor Nicolaie ◽  
Serban Ion Gologan ◽  
Ana Mocanu ◽  
Cristina Ditescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Organized Screening Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Second Period

Background & Aims: Even though Romania has one of the highest incidence and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) in Europe, there is currently no organized screening program. We aimed to assess the results of our opportunistic CRC screening using colonoscopy.Methods: A single center retrospective study to include all opportunistic screening colonoscopies performed in two 18 month periods (2007-2008 and 2012-2013) was designed. All asymptomatic individuals without a personal or family history of adenoma or CRC and with complete colonoscopy performed in these two time periods were included.Results: We included 1,807 individuals, 882 in the first period, 925 in the second period. There were 389 individuals aged below 50, 1,351 between 50 and 75 and 67 older than 75 years. There were 956 women (52.9%), with a mean age of 58.5 (median 59, range 23-97). The detection rates were 12.6% for adenomas (6.1% for advanced adenoma) and 3.4% for adenocarcinoma. Adenoma incidence (4.9% in subjects under 50, 14.7% in those aged 50 to 75, and 16.4% in those older than 75, p<0.0001) and size (6.3mm in subjects younger than 50, 9.2mm in those 50 to 75 and 10.8mm in those older than 75, p=0.015) significantly increased with age. Adenoma incidence increased in the second period (14.8% vs. 10.3%, p=0.005), while adenoma size decreased in the second period (8.4mm vs. 10mm, p=0.006). There were no procedure related complications.Conclusions: The neoplasia detection rate was 16% (12.6% adenoma, 3.4% adenocarcinoma). Adenoma incidence and size increased with age in both cohorts. In the second screening period significantly more and smaller adenomas were detected.

scholarly journals Are Volatile Organic Compounds Accurate Markers in the Assessment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? A Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2361
Author(s):  
Filippo Vernia ◽  
Marco Valvano ◽  
Stefano Fabiani ◽  
Gianpiero Stefanelli ◽  
Salvatore Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the Western world. Early detection decreases incidence and mortality. Screening programs based on fecal occult blood testing help identify patients requiring endoscopic examination, but accuracy is far from optimal. Among the alternative strategies, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent novel potentially useful biomarkers of colorectal cancer. They also represent a promising tool for the screening of both intestinal inflammation and related CRC. The review is focused on the diagnostic potential of VOCs in sporadic CRC and in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which increase the risk of CRC, analyzing future clinical applications. Despite limitations related to inadequate strength of evidence, differing analytical platforms identify different VOCs, and this unconventional approach for diagnosing colorectal cancer is promising. Some VOC profiles, besides identifying inflammation, seem disease-specific in inflammatory bowel diseases. Thus, breath, urine, and fecal VOCs provide a new and promising clinical approach to differential diagnosis, evaluation of the inflammatory status, and possibly the assessment of treatment efficacy in IBD. Conversely, specific VOC patterns correlating inflammatory bowel disease and cancer risk are still lacking, and studies focused on this issue are strongly encouraged. No prospective studies have assessed the risk of CRC development by using VOCs in samples collected before the onset of disease, both in the general population and in patients with IBD.

scholarly journals Circulating let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-28-3p, and miR-542-5p as a Promising microRNA Signature for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Camila Meirelles S. Silva ◽  
Mateus C. Barros-Filho ◽  
Deysi Viviana T. Wong ◽  
Julia Bette H. Mello ◽  
Livia Maria S. Nobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Colon Perforation ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with high incidence and mortality. Colonoscopy is a gold standard among tests used for CRC traceability. However, serious complications, such as colon perforation, may occur. Non-invasive diagnostic procedures are an unmet need. We aimed to identify a plasma microRNA (miRNA) signature for CRC detection. Plasma samples were obtained from subjects (n = 109) at different stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. The patients were stratified into a non-cancer (27 healthy volunteers, 17 patients with hyperplastic polyps, 24 with adenomas), and a cancer group (20 CRC and 21 metastatic CRC). miRNAs (381) were screened by TaqMan Low-Density Array. A classifier based on four differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-28-3p, let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-542-5p) was able to discriminate cancer versus non-cancer cases. The overexpression of these miRNAs was confirmed by RT-qPCR, and a cross-study validation step was implemented using eight data series retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In addition, another external data validation using CRC surgical specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was carried out. The predictive model’s performance in the validation set was 76.5% accuracy, 59.4% sensitivity, and 86.8% specificity (area under the curve, AUC = 0.716). The employment of our model in the independent publicly available datasets confirmed a good discrimination performance in five of eight datasets (median AUC = 0.823). Applying this algorithm to the TCGA cohort, we found 99.5% accuracy, 99.7% sensitivity, and 90.9% specificity (AUC = 0.998) when the model was applied to solid colorectal tissues. Overall, we suggest a novel signature of four circulating miRNAs, i.e., miR-28-3p, let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-542-5p, as a predictive tool for the detection of CRC.

scholarly journals A Crosstalk between Diet, Microbiome and microRNA in Epigenetic Regulation of Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Guz ◽  
Witold Jeleniewicz ◽  
Anna Malm ◽  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

A still growing interest between human nutrition in relation to health and disease states can be observed. Dietary components shape the composition of microbiota colonizing our gastrointestinal tract which play a vital role in maintaining human health. There is a strong evidence that diet, gut microbiota and their metabolites significantly influence our epigenome, particularly through the modulation of microRNAs. These group of small non-coding RNAs maintain cellular homeostasis, however any changes leading to impaired expression of miRNAs contribute to the development of different pathologies, including neoplastic diseases. Imbalance of intestinal microbiota due to diet is primary associated with the development of colorectal cancer as well as other types of cancers. In the present work we summarize current knowledge with particular emphasis on diet-microbiota-miRNAs axis and its relation to the development of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Effects of cancer screening restart strategies after COVID-19 disruption

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 1516-1523
Author(s):  
Lindy M. Kregting ◽  
Sylvia Kaljouw ◽  
Lucie de Jonge ◽  
Erik E. L. Jansen ◽  
Elleke F. P. Peterse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Microsimulation Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Many breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening programmes were disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the effects of five restart strategies after the disruption on required screening capacity and cancer burden. Methods Microsimulation models simulated five restart strategies for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. The models estimated required screening capacity, cancer incidence, and cancer-specific mortality after a disruption of 6 months. The restart strategies varied in whether screens were caught up or not and, if so, immediately or delayed, and whether the upper age limit was increased. Results The disruption in screening programmes without catch-up of missed screens led to an increase of 2.0, 0.3, and 2.5 cancer deaths per 100 000 individuals in 10 years in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer, respectively. Immediately catching-up missed screens minimised the impact of the disruption but required a surge in screening capacity. Delaying screening, but still offering all screening rounds gave the best balance between required capacity, incidence, and mortality. Conclusions Strategies with the smallest loss in health effects were also the most burdensome for the screening organisations. Which strategy is preferred depends on the organisation and available capacity in a country.

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