EDITORIAL WHAT ROLE FOR PROTEIN‐CONJUGATE PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE IN OLDER ADULTS? Invasive pneumococcal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among persons aged 65 years and older. Pneumococcal disease burden also remains high among adults over 50 years of age. In this editorial the authors discuss the priority of continued 23‐valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine use in older adults, whilst also emphasising the importance of directing future attention to the development of vaccines that utilise conserved pneumococcal protein antigens. Image: m_bartosch By Iman Ridda, Daniel M Musher PDF RESEARCH SELF‐MEDICATION PATTERNS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN SOUTH INDIA Self‐medication results in wastage of resources, increases resistance of pathogens and generally causes serious health hazards such as adverse drug reactions, prolonged suffering and drug dependence. This study was undertaken to determine the reasons for self‐medication and the pattern of self‐medication among medical students. Image: scottchan By Aanjeev B Badiger, Rashmi Kundapur, Animesh Jain, Ashwini Kumar, Sanjay Pattanshetty, Nimmy Thakolkaran, Nitasha Bhat, Nowshin Ullal ABSTRACT PDF THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON THE OCULAR SURFACE AND THE PRECORNEAL TEAR FILM Smoking, both active and passive, creates a plethora of health-related problems, which primarily affect the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. There is very little evidence on the effects of tobacco smoke on the eye, especially regarding anterior ocular surface related pathology. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of smoking on the ocular surface and the tear film in smokers. Image: 'Africa' By Jyothi Thomas ABSTRACT PDF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION Appropriate graft tension and secure graft incorporation in bone tunnels are essential for successful anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstrings tendon autografts. The WhipKnot™ soft tissue cinch, introduced by Smith and Nephew in 2004, is an alternative option to the commonly used whipstitch technique during preparation of the hamstring autograft in ACL reconstruction. The results from this study indicate that the Whipknot™ technique is a safe, reliable and practical option for the preparation of hamstrings autografts. Image: jannoon028 By Amin Masoumiganjgah, Umesh Dhanjee, Tendai Mwaturura, Cameron Carmody ABSTRACT PDF BRIEF REPORT EVALUATION OF FREE I-APPLICATIONS FOR TERTIARY LEVEL GROSS ANATOMY EDUCATION The use of electronic resources in education, including i-applications used on portable handheld devices, is increasing. Many gross anatomy i-applications are available, however no information on the quality of free anatomy products is available. This study aims to evaluate the quality and range of free i-applications that are applicable for tertiary level gross anatomy education. Image: photostock By Jon Cornwall, MF Pollard ABSTRACT PDF CASE STUDY DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA WITH MEGA CISTERNA MAGNA Myotonic disorders are those inherited muscle conditions characterised by slow relaxation due to spontaneous discharges. There are currently two clinical and molecular defined forms of myotonic dystrophy: myotonic dystrophy type 1, also known as ‘Steinert’s disease’; and myotonic dystrophy type 2, also known as proximal myotonic myopathy. This case study reports a rare case of type 1 dystrophia myotonica in combination with mega cisterna magna. Image: Suat Eman By Hetal Bhargav Pandya, Jitendra Lakhani, Jigar Mehta, Jimmy Dodhania ABSTRACT PDF REMOVAL OF A THREE PIECE FOREIGN BODY FROM A CHILD'S LUNG