scholarly journals 31. Experimental Studies on the Effect of Regeneration of Nerve Endings in Skeletal Muscle Affected by the Peripheral Nerve Injury

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
Yoshito KIRITA
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Nerve Endings

Peripheral Nerve Injury: Diagnosis with MR Imaging of Denervated Skeletal Muscle—Experimental Study in Rats

Radiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko Yamabe ◽  
Toshiyasu Nakamura ◽  
Koichi Oshio ◽  
Yoshito Kikuchi ◽  
Hiroyasu Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury

scholarly journals Ficus carica L. Attenuates Denervated Skeletal Muscle Atrophy via PPARα/NF-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxi Dai ◽  
Yaoxian Xiang ◽  
Da Fu ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Junjian Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Denervated Muscle

Treatment options for denervated skeletal muscle atrophy are limited, in part because the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Unlike previous transcriptomics studies conducted in rodent models of peripheral nerve injury, in the present study, we performed high-throughput sequencing with denervated atrophic biceps muscle and normal (non-denervated) sternocleidomastoid muscle samples obtained from four brachial plexus injury (BPI) patients. We also investigated whether Ficus carica L. (FCL.) extract can suppress denervated muscle atrophy in a mouse model, along with the mechanism of action. We identified 1471 genes that were differentially expressed between clinical specimens of atrophic and normal muscle, including 771 that were downregulated and 700 that were upregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms “structural constituent of muscle,” “Z disc,” “M band,” and “striated muscle contraction,” as well as “Cell adhesion molecules,” “Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis,” “Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling pathway,” and “P53 signaling pathway.” In experiments using mice, the reduction in wet weight and myofiber diameter in denervated muscle was improved by FCL. extract compared to saline administration, which was accompanied by downregulation of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. Moreover, although both denervated groups showed increased nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and PPARα expression, the degree of NF-κB activation was lower while PPARα and inhibitor of NF-κB IκBα expression was higher in FCL. extract-treated mice. Thus, FCL. extract suppresses denervation-induced inflammation and attenuates muscle atrophy by enhancing PPARα expression and inhibiting NF-κB activation. These findings suggest that FCL. extract has therapeutic potential for preventing denervation-induced muscle atrophy caused by peripheral nerve injury or disease.

scholarly journals The Electric Shock during Acupuncture: A Normal Needling Sensation or a Warning Sign

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yongsong Guo ◽  
Ke Zhu ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Yongbing Kuang ◽  
Zhihui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Electric Shock ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Acupuncture Sensation

The electric shock has been proposed as one of the new needling sensations in recent years. In acupuncture sensation scales, the electric shock is included by ASS and SNQS, but not SASS, MASS, and C-MMASS. Some scholars argue that the electric shock is a normal needling sensation, but some researchers do not agree with this view. This problem has not been resolved due to a lack of evidence from basic research. Literature and research point out that the electric shock is caused by inserting a needle into the nerve directly. A question of considerable scientific and practical interest is whether the electric shock should be a normal needling sensation. In this article, we review the historical documentation of the needling sensation and the process of formulating and improving acupuncture sensation scales to suggest that the electric shock may not be a normal needling sensation. Secondly, we collected and analyzed cases of nerve injury caused by acupuncture accompanied by the electric shock and why acupuncture caused the electric shock without nerve injury. It suggests that there may be a correlation between the electric shock and peripheral nerve injury, and acupuncture manipulation is an essential factor in adverse acupuncture events. Finally, we put forward that the electric shock during acupuncture is a warning sign that the peripheral nerve may be injured, rather than a normal needling sensation. In the future, we hope to have experimental studies on the mechanism of the electric shock or observational studies on the correlation between the electric shock and peripheral nerve injury to verify.

scholarly journals Regenerating motor neurons prime muscle stem cells for myogenesis by enhancing protein synthesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongmoon J. Choi ◽  
Eun Jung Shin ◽  
Woojin M. Han ◽  
Shannon E. Anderson ◽  
Mahir Mohiuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics ◽  
Muscle Stem Cells

SUMMARYThroughout life, skeletal muscle, the arbiter of voluntary movements, is maintained by a population of skeletal muscle-dedicated stem cells, called muscle satellite cells (MuSCs). Similar to other adult stem cells, the function of MuSCs is tightly coordinated by the cellular and acellular components of their microenvironment, or the niche. While the processes that control the coupling of neurotransmission and muscle contraction have been well characterized, little is known on the reciprocal crosstalk between neural cells and MuSCs within the muscle microenvironment. Here, we report that mild peripheral nerve injury enhances MuSC myogenic function and muscle regeneration by synergistically augmenting MuSC mitochondrial bioenergetics and upregulating anabolic protein synthesis pathways. We also demonstrate that chronic disruption or degeneration of neuromuscular synapses, such as in muscular dystrophy and biological aging, abolishes MuSC and motor neuron interactions, causing significant deficits in muscle regeneration following injury. These results underscore the importance of neuromuscular junction and neural network as an essential niche of MuSCs. Determining the significance of MuSC-nerve interactions and their functional outcomes, as well as the possibility of modulating these connections, have important implications for our understanding of neuromuscular disease pathology and development of therapeutic interventions.HighlightsMild peripheral nerve injury increases muscle stem cell bioavailability of healthy muscle.Nerve perturbation stimulates myogenesis by enhancing protein synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism in young, healthy muscle.Synergistic crosstalk within neuromuscular niche boosts muscle regeneration in young, healthy muscle.Positive influences from the neural network on muscle stem cells are abolished in pathological denervation manifested in dystrophic and aging muscle.

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