scholarly journals Effects of thalamic sensory relay nucleus stimulation on trigeminal subnucleus caudalis neurons in the cat. Abnormal bursting hyperactivity after trigeminal rhizotomy.

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi TSUBOKAWA ◽  
Yoichi KATAYAMA ◽  
Teruyasu HIRAYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Relay Nucleus ◽  
Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis

scholarly journals Thalamic Relay Nucleus Stimulation as a Preventive Method against Recurrent Tendency following Thalamotomy for Intractable Pain

1976 ◽  
Vol 16pt2 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
TAKASHI TSUBOKAWA ◽  
AKIO KOTANI ◽  
HIROSHI NISHIMOTO ◽  
YOICHI KATAYAMA ◽  
NOBUO MORIYASU
Keyword(s):  
Intractable Pain ◽  
Thalamic Relay ◽  
Preventive Method ◽  
Relay Nucleus

scholarly journals Role of the Zebra Finch Auditory Thalamus in Generating Complex Representations for Natural Sounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 784-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noopur Amin ◽  
Patrick Gill ◽  
Frédéric E. Theunissen
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Natural Sounds ◽  
Auditory Midbrain ◽  
Complex Sounds ◽  
Auditory Thalamus ◽  
Spectrotemporal Receptive Fields ◽  
Primary Sensory Cortex ◽  
Relay Nucleus ◽  
Field L

We estimated the spectrotemporal receptive fields of neurons in the songbird auditory thalamus, nucleus ovoidalis, and compared the neural representation of complex sounds in the auditory thalamus to those found in the upstream auditory midbrain nucleus, mesencephalicus lateralis dorsalis (MLd), and the downstream auditory pallial region, field L. Our data refute the idea that the primary sensory thalamus acts as a simple, relay nucleus: we find that the auditory thalamic receptive fields obtained in response to song are more complex than the ones found in the midbrain. Moreover, we find that linear tuning diversity and complexity in ovoidalis (Ov) are closer to those found in field L than in MLd. We also find prevalent tuning to intermediate spectral and temporal modulations, a feature that is unique to Ov. Thus even a feed-forward model of the sensory processing chain, where neural responses in the sensory thalamus reveals intermediate response properties between those in the sensory periphery and those in the primary sensory cortex, is inadequate in describing the tuning found in Ov. Based on these results, we believe that the auditory thalamic circuitry plays an important role in generating novel complex representations for specific features found in natural sounds.

The ventroposterior inferior nucleus in the thalamus of cats: a relay nucleus in the Pacinian pathway to somatosensory cortex

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Herron ◽  
R. Dykes
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Distinct Region ◽  
Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors ◽  
Dorsal Column Nuclei ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Posterior Group ◽  
Relay Nucleus ◽  
Definition Of

The ventroposterior region of the thalamus of mongrel cats was searched to locate zones activated by somatic stimuli. By using stimuli that selectively excited Pacinian corpuscles, areas activated by this class of afferent fibers were differentiated from regions activated by other classes of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. The results showed that Pacinian inputs excite neurons in the ventroposterior inferior nucleus (VPI) of the thalamus, whereas other more dorsal zones within the ventroposterior thalamus receive inputs from other mechanoreceptor classes. This definition of the VPI tended to be larger and to extend further lateral than some published descriptions. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into ventroposterior zones shown by electrophysiological recordings to receive inputs from Pacinian afferents. Subsequently, labeled cell bodies were observed in the caudal poles of the dorsal column nuclei, a region previously shown to be activated by Pacinian afferents. Very few labeled cells were found in the central region of these nuclei, a region previously shown to be activated by other classes of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Electrophysiological recordings were used to locate a small portion of the second somatosensory cortex driven by Pacinian stimuli. When HRP was injected into this region cell bodies in the VPI and the lateral part of the posterior group were labeled, but few or no labeled cells were found in ventroposterior lateral nucleus. We hypothesize that the VPI receives Pacinian information from a cytoarchitecturally distinct region in the caudal poles of the dorsal column nuclei. Further, we suggest that a major cortical target for the VPI is a subdivision of the second somatosensory cortex. These studies do not exclude the possibility that Pacinian inputs have other thalamic and cortical targets.

Activation of Neurons in Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis (Vc) by Irritant Chemical Stimulation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl Carstens ◽  
Satoko Sudo ◽  
Steven Jinks ◽  
Christopher Simons ◽  
Jean-Marc Dressier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis

Single-Neuron Analysis of Human Thalamus in Patients With Intention Tremor and Other Clinical Signs of Cerebellar Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2084-2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Lenz ◽  
C. J. Jaeger ◽  
M. S. Seike ◽  
Y. C. Lin ◽  
S. G. Reich
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Cerebellar Disease ◽  
Intention Tremor ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Relay Nucleus ◽  
Cerebellar Tremor

Tremor that occurs as a result of a cerebellar lesion, cerebellar tremor, is characteristically an intention tremor. Thalamic activity may be related to cerebellar tremor because transmission of some cerebellar efferent signals occurs via the thalamus and cortex to the periphery. We have now studied thalamic neuronal activity in a cerebellar relay nucleus (ventral intermediate—Vim) and a pallidal relay nucleus (ventralis oral posterior—Vop) during thalamotomy in patients with intention tremor and other clinical signs of cerebellar disease (tremor patients). The activity of single neurons and the simultaneous electromyographic (EMG) activity of the contralateral upper extremity in tremor patients performing a pointing task were analyzed by spectral cross-correlation analysis. EMG spectra during intention tremor often showed peaks of activity in the tremor-frequency range (1.9–5.8 Hz). There were significant differences in thalamic neuronal activity between tremor patients and controls. Neurons in Vim and Vop had significantly lower firing rates in tremor patients than in patients undergoing thalamic surgery for pain (pain controls). Other studies have shown that inputs to Vim from the cerebellum are transmitted through excitatory connections. Therefore the present results suggest that tremor in these tremor patients is associated with deafferentation of the thalamus from cerebellar efferent pathways. The thalamic X EMG cross-correlation functions were studied for cells located in Vim and Vop. Neuronal and EMG activity were as likely to be significantly correlated for cells in Vim as for those in Vop. Cells in Vim were more likely to have a phase lag relative to EMG than were cells in Vop. In monkeys, cells in the cerebellar relay nucleus of the thalamus, corresponding to Vim, are reported to lead movement during active oscillations at the wrist. In view of these monkey studies, the present results suggest that cells in Vim are deafferented and have a phase lag relative to tremor that is not found in normal active oscillations. The difference in phase of thalamic spike X EMG activity between Vim and Vop may contribute to tremor because lesions of pallidum or Vop are reported to relieve cerebellar tremor.

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