scholarly journals Phytochemical screening of macrolichens Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides andDirinaria consimilis from North East India for antioxidant and antibacterial activities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupam P. Debnath ◽  
Nripendranath Mandal ◽  
Jayashree Rout
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Fruticose Lichen ◽  
Foliose Lichen

This report deals with studies related to phytochemical screening, antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity of two macrolichens Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides Lev., a fruticose lichen and Dirinaria consimilis (Stirton) D.D. Awasthi, a foliose lichen. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins and phenols. Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides and Dirinaria consimilis showed relatively antioxidant activity as revealed by DPPH study. A moderate iron chelation has been noted. Both the species showed antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of Brocchia cinerea (Vis.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4432-4447
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Different Parts

Brocchia cinerea (Vis.) is an Asteraceae-family plant widely used in traditional medicine in Southeastern Morocco to treat several ailments. The aqueous extracts of flowers, leaves, stems and aerial parts of B. cinerea were subjected to a preliminary phytochemical screening test for various constituents. The polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins contents were determined. Moreover, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH scavenging assay and ferric reduction antioxidant power. However, the antibacterial activity was evaluated against six pathogenic bacteria. Phytochemical screening of different parts of B. cinerea revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. The leaves extract showed the highest polyphenols concentration (27.15±0.92 mg GAE/g of Ext) and flavonoids (17.46±0.66 mg QE/g of Ext), while flowers extract was highest in tannin (9.57±1.24 mg TAE/g of Extract). All extracts of B. cinerea showed moderate to high antioxidant power, among which the leaves extract demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 0.99 mg/mL and an optical density of 1.15. In the case of antibacterial activity screening, leaves extract showed the highest inhibition zone diameters ranging from 9 to 27 mm against the tested bacteria. The results demonstrate that the aqueous extracts of different parts of B. cinerea, especially the leaves, could be developed as pharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Rate of Kill of Different Fractions of Dacryodes edulis Leaf

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
R. E. Hassan-Olajokun ◽  
A. M. Deji-Agboola ◽  
O. O. Olasunkanmi ◽  
T. A. Banjo ◽  
O. Olaniran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Dacryodes Edulis

Dacryodes edulis is a fruit tree attaining a height of 18–40 meters mostly grown around the house and rarely in the forest. It has a relatively short trunk and a deep, dense crown and it is native to Africa hence often called African pear. The leaves are a compound with 5-8 pairs of leaflets. Acetone extract/solvent fractions of the leaves of Dacryodes edulis were used. The in vitro antibacterial activities and rate of kill of different fractions were investigated. The phytochemical screening was done by some chemical tests, antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method and rate of kill was carried out on S. aureus and E. coli organisms. The fractions exhibited antibacterial activities with zones of inhibition ranged between 20 and 30 mm by Aqueous (AQU) fraction while Dichloromethane (DCM) fraction ranged between 22 and 32 mm. The standard antibiotics, streptomycin ranged between 10 and 20 mm and ampicillin between 11 and 27 mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of both fractions had range values between 0.78 and 6.25 mg/mL. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoid and glycoside. Overall, the two fractions had better activities than the standard antibiotics used. The time kill assay showed that the percentage of the cells killed increased with increasing concentrations of the fractions, as well as, contact time intervals. The AQU fraction killed 100% of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cells at concentration of 4.68 mg/mL (3 X MIC) within 120 min while DCM fraction killed 100% of Escherichia coli cells within 90 min at a concentration of 4.68 mg/mL and killed 100% of S. aureus cells within 120 min at a concentration of 3.12 mg/mL (2X MIC). In conclusion, D. edulis leaf fraction has a broad spectrum antibacterial activity, with the AQU and DCM fractions being bactericidal as exemplified by the killing rate and MIC index of 2 (ratio of MBC/MIC) for both fractions.

scholarly journals Changes in major catechins, caffeine, and antioxidant activity during CTC processing of black tea from North East India

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 11457-11467
Author(s):  
Himangshu Deka ◽  
Podma Pollov Sarmah ◽  
Arundhuti Devi ◽  
Pradip Tamuly ◽  
Tanmoy Karak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

Changes in catechins, caffeine, total polyphenol, theaflavins, and antioxidant activity during CTC processing of black tea from North East India cultivar were studied. Total polyphenol decreased up to 37% with the formation of theaflavins up to 1.8%.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF BIXIN PIGMENT FROM ANNATTO (Bixa orellana L.) SEEDS

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pipin T. Kurniawati ◽  
H. Soetjipto ◽  
Leenawati Limantara
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Research on Bixa orellana L. have been done to isolate, identify and determine bixin percentage, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of bixin from B. orellana seed.  Isolation and identification of bixin was done by thin layer chromatography (TLC), column chromatography, chemical test of bixin and UV-Vis double beam spectroscopy. Percentage of bixin was calculated by JECFA method, the antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1-1 diphynilpicrylhidrazil) method while antibacterial activity was analyzed by the use of agar diffusion method. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) for the crude extract contained 5 spot, where spot 5th was bixin. Bixa orellana has 75±3% of bixin. Antioxidant activity of bixin had IC50 548.5±20.0 ppm. Whereas the antibacterial activity of bixin against the Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus could be classified as weak inhibition category at 500-750 μg and medium inhibition category at 1500 μg.   Keywords: Bixa orellana L., bixin, antioxidant, antibacteria

Common Ancestry & Genetic Diversity of Few Indigenous Chilli Land Races of North East India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Minakshi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Jutika Boro ◽  
Swati Singha ◽  
Hitesh Boro ◽  
Narbu Gengla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Dpph Method

Since chilies contain high quantities of bioactive potential compounds, they are expected to possess large number of pharmacological values like antioxi-dants, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, diuretics activi-ties and is being employed for the treatment of different ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. The current study aimed at comparative evaluation of antioxidant properties, phytochemicals and RAPD assay from extracts of 6 different types of chilli found in the states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh of North East India. The plant extracts were screened for phyto-chemicals, antioxidant analysis and RAPD profile. Phytochemical analysis shows abundant presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins etc. The antioxidants activities of all the aqueous extracts were evaluated using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity (% oxidation inhibition) ranged from as high as 86.56% in Bhut Jolokia (Capsicum assamicum) extracts to as low as 18.77% in Badami Jolokia (Capsicum annum) extract. Chilli samples studied possess potential health benefits by inhibiting many oxidation reactions caused by free radicals. Genetic diversity in 6 chilli genotypes was analyzed by RAPD markers of the fourteen random primers among which 11 were polymorphic. The phylogenetic tree showed common ancestry and the divergence among the chilli species. Based on the current study findings, it may be concluded the RAPD technology can be a useful tool in explaining the genetic diversity among chilli genotypes.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF FRESH AND FREEZE-DRIED SELECTED FRUIT JUICES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naritsara Toobpeng ◽  
Pannapa Powthong ◽  
Pattra Suntornthiticharoen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa ◽  
Freeze Dried

  Objective: The objective of this investigation was to assess the biological activity of fresh fruit juices and freeze dried fruit juices including antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Methods: The fruits used in this study were Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Carissa carandas L., and Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. The fresh juice sample (FJS) was extracted and also prepared for freeze drying sample (FDS) by freeze dryer. The antioxidant capacity of FJS and FDS was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assays and determination for total phenolic contents (TPCs) by Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent. Antimicrobial tests were carried out by agar diffusion methods and evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition against 10 isolates of pathogenic bacteria.Results: The highest antioxidant activity of FJS and FDS was found in S. oleosa and related to the scavenging effect on DPPH radical of FJS (100% concentration) and FDS (200 mg/ml) was found in the value of 93.05±0.31% and 82.18±0.33%, respectively. TPC of FJS and FDS from S. oleosa at the same concentration as in the DPPH assay was 1,003.53±1.96 ug GAE/300 g of matter and 827.77±23.15 ug GAE/100 ml of matter, respectively. Both FJS and FDS revealed antibacterial activity. The zone of inhibition of FJS was ranging from 8.3±0.6 to 24.0±1.0 mm and FDS values of 7.3±0.5-21.0±0.9 mm. The most potent sample against bacteria was FJS and FDS from S. oleosa which FJSs against Escherichia coli ESBL and FDS against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MDR2.Conclusion: Fruit juices of S. oleosa, C. carandas, and S. koetjape associated with antioxidant activity in the form of both fresh fruit juices and FDS. The result of this study showed that the value of DPPH and TPCs were slightly decreased in FDS compare with fresh juice. Screening of FJS and FDS of C. carandas revealed broad spectrum antibacterial activity. However, FJS of S. oleosa and S. koetjape showed inhibition of growth of bacteria, but few of FDS from these fruits could inhibit limited bacterial isolates. For antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, the samples of fresh and freeze dried exhibited a different degree of activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Chaptalia nutans Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Letiele Bruck de Souza ◽  
Amanda Leitão Gindri ◽  
Thainara de Andrade Fortes ◽  
Thais Felli Kubiça ◽  
Jefferson Enderle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Crude Leaf Extract

Context. Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol. (family: Asteraceae) is widely used in traditional medicine as laxative and anticough medications and especially in the traumatisms, wounds, and hemorrhages in topical preparations. Objective. This work was to evaluate the chemical constitution of the hydromethanolic (30/70 methanol-water) macerating extract obtained from the leaves of C. nutans, as well as to study the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activity of the species. Materials and methods. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity (total phenolic, total flavonoid, condensed tannins content, DPPH radical, and FRAP), antibacterial activity (P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, E. epidermidis, E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis, P. mirabilis, Candida glabrata (clinical isolate), Candida tropicalis (clinical isolate), C. krusei (clinical isolate), and C. albicans (clinical isolate)), and oxidative stress parameters (TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH) were analyzed according to the literature. Toxicity of C. nutans was evaluated using an alternative method, D. melanogaster, as well as a locomotor assay. Results. The phytochemical screening test of methanolic leaves extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, quaternary bases, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and free steroids. A quantitative phytochemical study indicated the total phenol (30.17 ± 1.44 mg/g), flavonoid (21.64 ± 0.66 mg/g), and condensed tannins (9.58 ± 0.99 mg/g). DPPH (345.41 ± 5.35 μg/mL) and FRAP (379.98 ± 39.25 μM FeSO4/mg sample) show to extract of C. nutans leaves an intermediate value, indicating moderate antioxidant activity of the extract. Antibacterial results revealed only a positive result (antimicrobial activity) for the hexane fraction which significantly inhibited the microorganisms E. epidermidis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. krusei at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL. TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH demonstrate that the extract has the ability to protect the cell from protein and lipid damage, as well as the inhibition of oxygen-derived radicals at the three concentrations tested: 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/mL. Regarding the toxicity of C. nutans extract against D. melanogaster, it was found that until the concentration of 15 mg/mL, the extract showed no toxicity and that the LC50 obtained was 24 mg/mL. Results show that the C. nutans extract leaves used to prevent PQ damage were effective in reducing flies’ mortality and improving locomotor capacity. Conclusion. Our studies demonstrated for the first time that C. nutans crude leaf extract has high antioxidant capacity both in vitro and in vivo through different analysis techniques. These results make it possible to infer future applications in the pharmacological area, evidenced by the low toxicity observed in D. melanogatser, as well as the ability to neutralize different sources of RONS.

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