scholarly journals Anthelmintic resistance status of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep to the single or combined administration of benzimidazoles and closantel in three localities in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazmín Alcalá Canto ◽  
Héctor Salvador Sumano López ◽  
Luis Ocampo Camberos ◽  
Lilia Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Combined Administration

Effect of Jatropha curcas Latex on L3 Haemonchus contortus Larval Motility

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorzaid Muhamad ◽  
Syahirah Sazeli ◽  
Resni Mona ◽  
Jannathul Firdous
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Plants Extract

The anthelmintic resistance has limited the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants and thus has awakened interest in the study of plants extract as a source of anthelmintics. These experiments were carried out to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Jatrophacurcas latex extract against Haemonchuscontortus larval motility. To evaluate the larvicidal activity, H.contortus L3 were incubated with the extracts with varying concentration of 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL at 27°C for 48, 72 and 96 hrs. The results were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test (P less than 0.05). The extracts showed dose-dependent larvicidal effects. These results suggest that J.curcas can be used to control gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants.

scholarly journals Cellular and humoral immune responses associated with protection in sheep vaccinated against Teladorsagia circumcincta

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Machín ◽  
Yolanda Corripio-Miyar ◽  
Julia N. Hernández ◽  
Tara Pérez-Hernández ◽  
Adam D. Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Teladorsagia Circumcincta

AbstractDue to increased anthelmintic resistance, complementary methods to drugs are necessary to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Vaccines are an environmentally-friendly and promising option. In a previous study, a Teladorsagia circumcincta recombinant sub-unit vaccine was administered to two sheep breeds with different levels of resistance against GIN. In the susceptible Canaria Sheep (CS) breed, vaccinates harboured smaller worms with fewer eggs in utero than the control group. Here, we extend this work, by investigating the cellular and humoral immune responses of these two sheep breeds following vaccination and experimental infection with T. circumcincta. In the vaccinated CS group, negative associations between antigen-specific IgA, IgG2 and Globule Leukocytes (GLs) with several parasitological parameters were established as well as a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio than in control CS animals, suggesting a key role in the protection induced by the vaccine. In the more resistant Canaria Hair Breed (CHB) sheep the vaccine did not significantly impact on the parasitological parameters studied and none of these humoral associations were observed in vaccinated CHB lambs, although CHB had higher proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells within the abomasal lymph nodes, suggesting higher mucosal T cell activation. Each of the component proteins in the vaccine induced an increase in immunoglobulin levels in vaccinated groups of each breed. However, levels of immunoglobulins to only three of the antigens (Tci-MEP-1, Tci-SAA-1, Tci-ASP-1) were negatively correlated with parasitological parameters in the CS breed and they may be, at least partially, responsible for the protective effect of the vaccine in this breed. These data could be useful for improving the current vaccine prototype.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Rashid ◽  
Jane L. Vaughan ◽  
Mark A. Stevenson ◽  
Angus J. D. Campbell ◽  
Ian Beveridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Vicugna Pacos

scholarly journals Anthelmintic efficacy of selected medicinal plants against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
JK Muthee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
Traditional Practitioners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Myrsine Africana

The use of plants, or their extracts, for the treatment of human and animal ailments, including helminthosis is steeped in antiquity. Anthelmintic resistance in pathogenic helminths has been spreading in prevalence and severity to a point where there is multi-drug resistance against the three major classes of anthelmintics. This globe-wide phenomenon calls for urgent search for different approaches to the control of helminthosis including novel anthelmintic products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of plants, which are commonly used in the treatment and control of helminthosis, under the natural grazing conditions in Loitoktok Sub-County of Kenya. The plant species (Albizia anthelmintica, Myrsine africana, and Embelia schimperi were selected based on their availability and ethnopharmacological uses, as anthelmintics, by the traditional health practitioners in the area. Fifty sheep of mixed breeds, belonging to local herders, and naturally infected with mixed gastrointestinal nematodes were recruited for the study. The herbal remedies were prepared and administered by methods prescribed by the traditional practitioners. Their efficacy was determined using faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). The percentage faecal egg count reduction against the mixed gastrointestinal nematodes was 59, -11, -31 and 87 for Myrsine africana, A. anthelmintica, E. schimperi and albendazole respectively. It was concluded that some of the remedies have some efficacy and further studies are needed to evaluate their potential as anthelmintics. There was also suspicion of development of anthemintic resistance to albendazole and herders needed to be advised accordingly on the proper use of conventional anthelmintic products

scholarly journals 26 Copper oxide wire particles to complement control of gastrointestinal nematodes with levamisole and/or albendazole in lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Joan M Burke ◽  
James E Miller ◽  
Mohan Acharya ◽  
Erin Wood
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Due to high prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (AR), complementary approaches to anthelmintic use to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep are necessary. Copper oxide wire particles (COWP) are effective against Haemonchus contortus but not other GIN, and FAMACHA aids to minimize further development of AR. The objective was to determine the efficacy of COWP alone or in combination with levamisole, albendazole, or a 3-way combination to control GIN known to have AR to these anthelmintics. Naturally infected Katahdin lambs were selectively dewormed based on FAMACHA© and/or packed cell volume (PCV). If FAMACHA© scores were 3, 4, or 5, lambs received 1 g COWP alone (n = 120), COWP and levamisole (n = 47) or albendazole (n = 6), or a 3-way combination (n = 10), respectively. Untreated lambs were included (CON; n = 31). Feces and blood were collected on days 0 (day of deworming) and 14 for determination of fecal egg counts (FEC) and FEC reduction (FECRED) and PCV. Data were analyzed using repeated measures in a mixed model. The mean FECRED was greater for the combination of levamisole and COWP than COWP alone (P < 0.001). In a mixed GIN population, COWP in combination with levamisole increased the efficacy of FECRED of H. contortus and other GIN genera present, offering greater GIN management in the presence of resistance to these anthelmintics.

Multi-species Grazing for Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes – a Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Joan M Burke ◽  
James E Miller
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Teladorsagia Circumcincta ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Multi-species grazing, alternate grazing of cattle with sheep or goats, offers benefits to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) control as GIN species differ between hosts. In the Southeastern United States, common GIN species of cattle include Cooperia spp., Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus spp., whereas species of sheep and goats are Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia curticei, and Oesophagostomum spp. Anthelmintic resistance is widely prevalent in small ruminants, and is an increasing problem in cattle, but remains less prevalent. Thus, it is recommended to farmers to use a multi-faceted approach of GIN control, including multi-species grazing. Because management differs between cattle and small ruminants in regard to copper tolerance in minerals, predator control and fencing, alternate grazing of species has most commonly been used. Other considerations include age or susceptibility to GIN, as young calves may be vulnerable to GIN, but mature cows often have negligible GIN infection. Similarly, weanling lambs and kids are susceptible, and depending on breed, adults range from highly resistant to susceptible. Research indicates that GIN burden of more resistant animals is less influenced by multi-species grazing, and highly susceptible animals will likely need additional measures of control. The more resistant species used in the multi-species grazing may lend more control to the more susceptible. Some research showed reductions in O. ostertagi, but not C. oncophora in cattle during extended grazing of cattle and sheep, and reductions of H. contortus and T. colubriformis in sheep. However, other research reported similar worm burdens. Weight gains were improved in lambs grazed alternately with cattle in some studies, and most studies showed little benefit to cattle. Little has been published on alternate grazing with cattle and goats. The complex interactions, larger plot sizes needed, and time required to complete experiments limits published studies of this important management scheme.

Anthelmintic Drugs Resistance of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Naturally Infected Goats in Haramaya, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteneh Wondimu ◽  
Yehualashet Bayu
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Anthelmintic Drugs

Abstract Background: The occurrence of anthelmintic resistance to commonly used drugs is becoming worldwide constrain in livestock production. Considering the narrow range of available drugs and slow rate of new drug development, anthelmintic resistance presents an alarming global threat demanding vigilant monitoring and management. It is likely that anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal goats present in Ethiopia, but little information regarding the prevalence and species of nematode resistance to drugs is available. Current study done with objective to assess anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats to commonly used anthelmintic drugs. Results: The result of the FECRT % and lower 95% confidence limit reported the presence of anthelmintic resistance for tested drugs; albendazole (41.5%, 36.9), tetraclozan (69.5%, 66.1), tetramisole (91.1%, 87.4) and ivermectin (43%, 38.2) respectively. Trichostrongylus spp, Teladorsagia spp and Haemonchus spp showed anthelmintic resistance for all tested drugs. Coproculture from different treated group revealed of Trichostrongylus spp (69.2% in ivermectin and 59.6% in albendazole) was the predominant nematode followed by Teladorsagia spp (21.9% in albendazole and 14.7% in ivermectin). In tetraclozan treatment group, Trichostrongylus spp (42%) and Teladorsagia spp (41.3%) were comparable, followed by Haemonchus spp (13%). In group treated with tetramisole, Teladorsagia spp (54.3%) was the major nematode detected followed by Trichostrongylus spp (25.7%) and Haemonchus spp (11.4%). Conclusions: The study demonstrated the presence of multi-drug resistant nematodes mainly Trichostrongylus spp, Teladorsagia spp and Haemonchus spp. Control strategies including management practices of pasture rotation, supplementary feeding and encouraging traditional nematode control methods. Further studies covering wider areas of Ethiopia and mechanism of nematode resistance need to be studied in future.

Anthelmintic resistance on goat farms in Georgia: efficacy of anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes in two selected goat herds

2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H Terrill ◽  
Ray M Kaplan ◽  
Michael Larsen ◽  
Oreta M Samples ◽  
James E Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes
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