Hexan free mechanical extraction by screw pressing as a viable alternative to chemical extraction of oil seeds

This article presents the strength, diameter, elongation and tenacity variations of banana pseudo-stem fibres extracted from five common Sri Lankan cultivars. The banana plants that were selected represent the dry and wet climatic zones of Sri Lanka. Mixtures of all layers of stem from the selected cultivars were subjected to three different extraction methods. Decortication technique was used for mechanical extraction, sodium hydroxide was used for chemical extraction and pectinase enzyme was used for biological extraction. The mechanical extraction method resulted in coarser fibres, chemical extraction resulted in a 30% reduction in the fibre diameter, while the biologically extracted fibre presented a 40% increase in fibre strength compared with the mechanically extracted fibres. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the presence of damaged fibrils in mechanical extraction and removal of binder material in the chemical and biological extraction methods. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis proved the removal of lignin in chemical and biological extraction. Different cultivars presented different behaviours in extensibility, which is common in natural fibres.

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Gas-Assisted Mechanical Extraction of Oil Seeds

Chemie Ingenieur Technik ◽

10.1002/cite.200650055 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 78 (9) ◽

pp. 1241-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. J. M. Kuipers ◽

M. J. Venter ◽

P. Willems ◽

A. B. de Haan

Keyword(s):

Oil Seeds ◽

Mechanical Extraction

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Chemical prospection of moringa oil and bromatological quality of the pie from different types of grain processing

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10599 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e82291110599

Author(s):

Bárbara Lemes Outeiro Araújo ◽

Ednilton Tavares de Andrade ◽

Jaqueline Damiany Portela ◽

Rafael Peron Castro ◽

Pedro Castro Neto

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

Grain Processing ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Moringa Oil ◽

Mechanical Extraction

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a drought-resistant plant and able to survive in poor soils, obtaining up to three harvests per year. The objective of this work was to study the chemical prospecting of the oil and the bromatological quality of the moringa cake amog different temperatures of drying (40, 55, and 70 ºC) as well as from the oil chemical and mechanical extraction methods. The extracted oils were qualitatively evaluated for acidity, peroxide and iodine levels, as well as the chemical composition of fatty acids by gas chromatography, of samples dried at different drying air temperatures. The pies from mechanical extractions were evaluated for water content, ether extract, crude protein, ash and fibers in neutral detergent. The drying air temperatures of 40, 55, and 70 ºC significantly affected the physical-chemical quality of the oil and the moringa cake, with the best result being the samples from the dry grains at 40 °C. The composition of the main fatty acids was not altered according to the statistical method applied, these being oleic fatty acid (73.60 to 77.07%), erucic (5.65 to 6.67%) and palmitoleic (4.90 to 5.72%). The chemical extraction of oil, although more efficient than the mechanical one, presented higher levels of acidity and peroxide. The content of fibers in neutral detergent and crude protein of the pie decreased significantly for dried grains with drying air temperature above 40 °C.

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Comparative Study of Nyamplung (Callophylum inophyllum) Kernel Oil Obtained from Mechanical and Chemical Extraction for Biofuel Production

Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ◽

10.22146/jrekpros.42816 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Hanifah Widiastuti ◽

Meiti Pratiwi ◽

Godlief F. Neonufa ◽

Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja ◽

Tirto Prakoso

Keyword(s):

Oil Recovery ◽

Soxhlet Extraction ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Acid Value ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Hydraulic Press ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mechanical Extraction

Nyamplung (Callophylum inophyllum) contains oil around 40-73% in its seed. It has recently gained recognition as a potential source for biofuel production. The oil recovery process from renewable sources such as nyamplung is widely carried out by using chemical extraction with solvents. Nevertheless, this method is considered costly and there are safety issues as well as environmental concerns related to the solvents used. Therefore, mechanical extraction has emerged as an alternative method. In this study, the nyamplung oil recovered by mechanical extraction via hydraulic press and chemical extraction utilizing Soxhlet extraction was compared. Soxhlet extraction was carried out by using n-hexane as a solvent with a temperature of 70 oC for 5 hours. Before the extraction process, the kernel was initially pretreated to reduce the particle sizes and the water content. The results show that the oil yield recovered using the hydraulic press is 58%, which is comparable with the value obtained from Soxhlet extraction (65%). The oil characteristics were also compared, and the profiling shows no significant difference in the properties (saponification value, acid value, and iodine value) of oils recovered using both methods. The composition of fatty acids was also analyzed for utilization as a biofuel feedstock. Higher content of oleic acid was observed in oil resulted from chemical extraction while mechanical extraction yielded oil with higher palmitic acid content.A B S T R A KNyamplung (Callophylum inophyllum) mengandung minyak sebesar 40-73% dalam bijinya dan belakangan ini diakui sebagai sumber potensial untuk pembuatan biofuel. Proses perolehan minyak nabati dari biji nyamplung pada umumnya dilakukan menggunakan ekstraksi kimia dengan pelarut. Akan tetapi, metode ini cenderung berbiaya tinggi serta memiliki isu berkaitan dengan keselamatan proses dan dampak lingkungan berkaitan dengan penggunaan pelarut. Oleh karena itu, metode ekstraksi mekanis banyak dikembangkan sebagai alternatif metode ekstraksi minyak. Dalam penelitian ini, hasil perolehan minyak nyamplung melalui penekanan hidrolik dibandingkan dengan hasil dari ekstraksi Soxhlet. Ekstraksi Soxhlet dilakukan dengan pelarut n-heksana pada suhu 70 oC selama 5 jam. Sebelum proses ekstraksi, biji nyamplung mengalami perlakuan awal terlebih dahulu dengan cara digiling untuk mengurangi ukuran biji dan dipanaskan untuk mengurangi kadar air. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa yield minyak dari ektraksi mekanik sebesar 58% sementara yield dari ekstraksi Soxhlet adalah 65%. Karakteristik minyak yang dihasilkan melalui kedua metode ini tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam hal nilai saponifikasi, nilai asam, dan nilai iodine. Analisis komposisi asam lemak dari kedua minyak yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa minyak yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi kimia mengandung asam oleat dengan persentase yang lebih tinggi sementara minyak dari hasil ekstraksi mekanik memiliki persentase asam palmitat yang lebih tinggi.

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Review on Extraction and Characterization of Castor Seed Oil

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.916 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 625 ◽

pp. 916-919

Author(s):

Muhammad Fitri Jamil ◽

Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽

Norridah Osman ◽

Katsuki Kusakabe ◽

Suzana Yusup

Keyword(s):

Ricinoleic Acid ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

High Concentration ◽

Mechanical Extraction

Extraction of castor oil is important in determination of the quality of castor oil extracted. The quality of castor oil being extracted has to meet the ASTM standard that has been produced. The way of extraction can be either mechanical extraction or chemical extraction that is practically used in the industry which give the highest yield of oil extracted. Castor oil is mainly composed of ricinoleic acid in high concentration. It is a unique vegetable oil that contains high content of fatty hydroxyacid.

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Temperature Effects on Yields, Fatty Acids and Tocopherols of Prickly Pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica L.) Seed Oil of Oriental Region of Morocco

10.21203/rs.3.rs-163800/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Salma KADDA ◽

Abdelmadjid BELABED ◽

Hassania LOUKILI ◽

Belkheir HAMMOUTI ◽

Soufiane FADLAOUI

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Temperature Effects ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Prickly Pear ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽

The Stability ◽

Mechanical Extraction

Abstract This study focuses on yields, chemical quality, composition, and the stability of the fatty acids of the oil extracted from Opuntia ficus indica seeds, collected from the eastern region of Morocco, regardless of the temperature and the extraction method used. The results of this study reveal that prickly pear is a rich source of oil. The obtained oil yields varied from 12.49%±0.09 for the mechanical extraction, 11.46±0.10 for the chemical extraction, and 10.52%±0.09 for the maceration. The main fatty acids found in O. Ficus indica are linoleic acid 75.80%±0.10 (Chemical), 74.07%±0.14 (Maceration) and 71.59%±0.14 (Mechanical), and palmitic acid 17.32%±0.02 (Chemical) 22.419% ±0.06 (Maceration) and 26.58% ±0.00 (Mechanical). So the oil of prickly pear could be classified as a linoleic. Among the Tocopherols founded, a high value of b-tocopherol has been detected in the mechanical extraction with 502.04±0,76 mg/kg followed by the chemical and the maceration extraction with (430.12±0.61mg/kg, 315.47± 0.96 mg/kg) respectively. The findings of the present study reveal that the oil of O. ficus indica could be used in cosmetics and pharmacological products.

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Mechanical extraction of microfossils

The Paleontological Society Special Publications ◽

10.1017/s2475262200005037 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 99-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean M. Berdan

Keyword(s):

Sewing Needle ◽

Binocular Microscope ◽

Calcareous Microfossils ◽

Working Distance ◽

Mechanical Extraction ◽

Ordinary Steel

The described techniques for extraction of microfossils are directed primarily at the extraction of calcareous microfossils from various types of limestone, although the same techniques may beused for some sandstones and shales. The equipment needed is not complicated; the most obvious is a good binocular microscope with a working distance of three or more inches, to allow manipulation of the rock from which the specimens are to be extracted. The magnification required depends on the size of the specimens, but should go up to at least 80x. Other essential tools are a pin vise with a chuck which will hold an ordinary steel sewing needle and a rotary dental machine or other grinding device which will accept a small thin carborundum wheel. The latter is useful for sharpening needles as well as for cutting specimens out of the rock. An additional useful item is a percussive device such as a mechanical engraver fitted with a chuck which will hold an old fashioned steel phonograph needle. This instrument is described in detail by Palmer (this volume, chapter 20). A dish of water and a fine (00000) camel's hairbrush are necessary to move the specimens, once freed, to a slide or other receptacle. A rock trimmer is useful for reducing large blocks of fossiliferous rock into pieces that can be handled under the microscope, although with some collections this can be done with a hammer and cold chisel. Some paleontologists prefer to crush their samples and then pick through the chips to find specimens; however, this technique tends to break spines and frills from highly ornamented forms and is not recommended unless the microfauna is known to consist mostly of smooth species. Most of the equipment mentioned above can be found in catalogs such as that of the Edmund Scientific Co., 101 E. Gloucester Pike, Barrington, N.J. 08007.

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