Aptamer and its role in diagnostics

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 4799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Parashar
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
New Class ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Aptamers are new class of recognizing agents which are being used in diagnostics and therapeutics. They are single strand DNA or RNA molecules and are selected against targets by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method. This method was developed in 1990 by Turk and Gold. These days high through put version of SELEX is being used for quick selection of aptamer, working on same principle that was developed in 1990. It is believed that in near future aptamers could replace monoclonal antibody. The biggest advantage of using aptamers is that the process is in vitro in nature and does not require the use of animals; further properties of aptamers are comparable or even better than antibodies. Aptamers based sensors can be used for detection of toxic chemicals, pathogens, antibiotics etc. Although they are in the preliminary stages of development, results are encouraging and it seems that aptamer research has a very bright future.

scholarly journals Aptamers selection for platelets using droplet digital PCR

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
A.V. Blagodatova ◽  
◽  
K.V. Kochkina ◽  
M.A. Komarova ◽  
N.Y. Trofina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Droplet Digital Pcr ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the research. To obtain aptamers-inhibitors of platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptors, blocking platelet aggregation. Material and methods. Th e selection of aptamers for IIb / IIIa receptors of platelets was carried out according to the SELEX method (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment), modifi ed to select aptamers for a specifi c epitope. Th e method allows selection and in vitro evolution of aptamers with selectivity to a specifi c target from a large library of oligonucleotides. Th e affi nity of aptamers for platelet IIb / IIIa receptors was determined using fl ow cytometry. Results. Pools of aptamers of aptamers with high affi nity for IIb / IIIa platelet receptors were obtained. Th e study of the antiaggregation properties of the pools with the best binding showed that platelet aggregation was minimal when using the aptamers from the pool of the 5th round of selection. Th us, the aptamers of this pool have the greatest potential to be used as an analogue of a synthetic peptide that blocks thromboaggregation. Aptamers from this pool were taken for sequencing in order to obtain sequences of aptamers with the best antiaggregatory properties. Conclusion. Pools of aptamers with high affi nity for IIb / IIIa receptors of platelets and anticoagulant activity were obtained.

scholarly journals In vitro selection of an RNA aptamer yields an interleukin-6/interleukin-6 receptor interaction inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Ando ◽  
Mizuki Yamamoto ◽  
Yukio Takamori ◽  
Keita Tsukamoto ◽  
Daisuke Fuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Rna Aptamer ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Interleukin-6 (IL-6) binds to IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) subunit, related to autoimmune diseases and cytokine storm in COVID-19. In this study we performed Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX) and identified a novel RNA aptamer. This RNA aptamer not only bound to IL-6R with a dissociation constant of 200 nM, but also inhibited the interaction of IL-6R with IL-6.

FEATURES OF ORGANOPHOSPHATES IMMOBILIZATION VIA STREPTAVIDIN-BIOTIN SYSTEM FOR EXPERIMENTS ON SELECTION OF APTAMERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
D. A. Belinskaya ◽  
Yu. V. Chelusnova ◽  
V. V. Abzianidze ◽  
N. V. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Rna Aptamers ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Methods ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Selection Of

Poisoning with organophosphorus compounds occupy one of the leading places in exotoxicosis. At the first stage, the detoxification of organophosphates can be provided with the help of DNA or RNA aptamers that bind the poison in the bloodstream. Currently, the main method of searching for aptamers is the experimental method of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). In the process of aptamer selection, the target molecule must be immobilized via the streptavidin-biotin complex. Since the poison molecule is small in size, to increase its availability for binding to aptamer, it is necessary to use a spacer between organophosphorus compounds and biotin. The aim of this work was to optimize the selection of aptamers for organophosphorus compounds by increasing the availability of a poison molecule immobilized via the streptavidin-biotin complex on the example of paraoxon. For this purpose, three spacers between organophosphorus compounds and biotin were tested using molecular modeling methods: three links of polyethylene glycol (3-PEG), four links of polyethylene glycol (4-PEG) and aminohexyl. The conformation of the biotinylated paraoxon complex with streptavidin and the interaction of paraoxon with the binding fragment of the aptamer were modeled using molecular docking and molecular dynamics methods. The ability of biotinylated paraoxon to bind to the aptamer has been evaluated by analyzing the surface area of the paraoxon available to the solvent, as well as by calculating the free binding energies. It has been shown that only in the case of aminohexyl immobilized paraoxon can contact the aptamer. At the final stage, the synthesis of paraoxon bound to biotin via aminohexyl was carried out.

scholarly journals Insights in Behavior of Variably Formulated Alginate-Based Microcapsules for Cell Transplantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Montanucci ◽  
Silvia Terenzi ◽  
Claudio Santi ◽  
Ilaria Pennoni ◽  
Vittorio Bini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Alginate-based microencapsulation of live cells may offer the opportunity to treat chronic and degenerative disorders. So far, a thorough assessment of physical-chemical behavior of alginate-based microbeads remains cloudy. A disputed issue is which divalent cation to choose for a high performing alginate gelling process. Having selected, in our system, high mannuronic (M) enriched alginates, we studied different gelling cations and their combinations to determine their eventual influence on physical-chemical properties of the final microcapsules preparation,in vitroandin vivo. We have shown that used of ultrapure alginate allows for high biocompatibility of the formed microcapsules, regardless of gelation agents, while use of different gelling cations is associated with corresponding variable effects on the capsules’ basic architecture, as originally reported in this work. However, only the final application which the capsules are destined to will ultimately guide the selection of the ideal, specific gelling divalent cations, since in principle there are no capsules that are better than others.

scholarly journals Aptamers, the Nucleic Acid Antibodies, in Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoying Fu ◽  
Jim Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Exponential Enrichment

The arrival of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology in the 1970s brought with it the hope of conquering cancers to the medical community. However, mAbs, on the whole, did not achieve the expected wonder in cancer therapy although they do have demonstrated successfulness in the treatment of a few types of cancers. In 1990, another technology of making biomolecules capable of specific binding appeared. This technique, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), can make aptamers, single-stranded DNAs or RNAs that bind targets with high specificity and affinity. Aptamers have some advantages over mAbs in therapeutic uses particularly because they have little or no immunogenicity, which means the feasibility of repeated use and fewer side effects. In this review, the general properties of the aptamer, the advantages and limitations of aptamers, the principle and procedure of aptamer production with SELEX, particularly the undergoing studies in aptamers for cancer therapy, and selected anticancer aptamers that have entered clinical trials or are under active investigations are summarized.

scholarly journals Implementation of High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) in Aptamer Selection Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8774
Author(s):  
Natalia Komarova ◽  
Daria Barkova ◽  
Alexander Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Combinatorial Libraries ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
And Function ◽  
Exponential Enrichment

Aptamers are nucleic acid ligands that bind specifically to a target of interest. Aptamers have gained in popularity due to their high potential for different applications in analysis, diagnostics, and therapeutics. The procedure called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is used for aptamer isolation from large nucleic acid combinatorial libraries. The huge number of unique sequences implemented in the in vitro evolution in the SELEX process imposes the necessity of performing extensive sequencing of the selected nucleic acid pools. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) meets this demand of SELEX. Analysis of the data obtained from sequencing of the libraries produced during and after aptamer isolation provides an informative basis for precise aptamer identification and for examining the structure and function of nucleic acid ligands. This review discusses the technical aspects and the potential of the integration of HTS with SELEX.

Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment Selection of Specific Aptamer for Sensing of Methamphetamine

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Hossein Hamzeiy ◽  
Jaleh Barar ◽  
Abolfazl Barzegari ◽  
Yadollah Omidi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of aptamers specific for glycated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin using on-chip SELEX

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-I Lin ◽  
Ching-Chu Wu ◽  
Ching-Hsuan Yang ◽  
Ko-Wei Chang ◽  
Gwo-Bin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Dna Aptamers ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
Total Hemoglobin ◽  
Systematic Evolution ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Exponential Enrichment ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)- and total hemoglobin (Hb)-specific single-stranded DNA aptamers was performed on a microfluidic chip to continuously and automatically carry out multiple rounds of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) processes.

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