scholarly journals Detection of Aspergillus flavus using PCR method from fungus infested food grains collected from local market

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Khare ◽  
Agarwal M.K. ◽  
Sameer S. Bhagayavant ◽  
Poonam Verma ◽  
Nagar D.P.
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

India is an agrarian country two-thirds of its population is engaged directly or indirectly in agricultural activities. In recent years many food borne pathogens have become major threat to public health and safety.  The consumption of contaminated food grains or products has been considered to be the leading source of human food borne infections. Surveillance studies have provided data and a better understanding into the existence and spread of food borne pathogens. Aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus species are important toxic secondary metabolites known for their impacts on animal and human health, and their effects on the economic loss of key grain and nut crops. Several molecular techniques (including multilocus sequence typing, pulsed field gel electrophoresis, DNA sequencing, multiplex PCR, RAPD, and many more) are available for detection and characterisation of pathogenic microorganisms from food samples, which provide reliable epidemiological data for tracing the source of infections. Present study highlights the possible use of PCR technique, in surveillance and detection of A. flavus in fungal infested food grains. The current study was carried out to elucidate the infestation of aflatoxin producing fungus on both kharif (groundnut, rice and maize) and Rabi crops (wheat, gram and soybean). Total 15 samples were collected randomly from local market of Gwalior (M.P). Out of fifteen only nine (60%) samples were found to be Aspergillus positive. Seven samples were infested by Aspergillus flavus and two by A. niger. The selected fungal isolates were identified by amplifying aflR gene of A. flavus in Thermo Cycler.

Mycotoxins from food-borne fungi

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. van Walbeek ◽  
P. M. Scott ◽  
F. S. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Aspergillus Ochraceus ◽  
Complex Media ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Aflatoxin B

1.A wide range of fungi have been isolated from foodstuffs, and their ability to produce aflatoxins and, in some instances, ochratoxin A, was determined. Specimens were obtained from households (including samples associated with illness), from retail stores, and from processing plants. Of 128 fungi, isolated from 74 food samples, and cultured on complex media and on shredded wheat, 16 were found to produce toxins. Alfatoxins were produced not only by Aspergillus flavus isolates but also by a Rhizopus sp. and an Aspergillus ochraceus. Six strains identified as Aspergillus flavus var. columnaris formed aflatoxin B2 only. Ochratoxin A was produced by a Penicillium sp. as well as by A. ochraceus isolates.

scholarly journals Rapid Separation and Concentration of Food-Borne Pathogens in Food Samples Prior to Quantification by Viable-Cell Counting and Real-Time PCR

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Fukushima ◽  
Kazunori Katsube ◽  
Yukiko Hata ◽  
Ryoko Kishi ◽  
Satomi Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Buoyant Density ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Rapid Separation ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

ABSTRACT Buoyant density gradient centrifugation has been used to separate bacteria from complex food matrices, as well as to remove compounds that inhibit rapid detection methods, such as PCR, and to prevent false-positive results due to DNA originating from dead cells. Applying a principle of buoyant density gradient centrifugation, we developed a method for rapid separation and concentration following filtration and low- and high-speed centrifugation, as well as flotation and sedimentation buoyant density centrifugation, for 12 food-borne pathogens (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio cholerae O139, Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3K6, Vibrio vulnificus, Providencia alcalifaciens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium perfringens) in 13 different food homogenates. This method can be used prior to real-time quantitative PCR (RTi-qPCR) and viable-cell counting. Using this combined method, the target organisms in the food samples theoretically could be concentrated 250-fold and detected at cell concentrations as low as 101 to 103 CFU/g using the RTi-qPCR assay, and amounts as small as 100 to 101 CFU/g could be isolated using plate counting. The combined separation and concentration methods and RTi-qPCR confirmed within 3 h the presence of 101 to 102 CFU/g of Salmonella and C. jejuni directly in naturally contaminated chicken and the presence of S. aureus directly in remaining food items in a poisoning outbreak. These results illustrated the feasibility of using these assays for rapid inspection of bacterial food contamination during a real-world outbreak.

scholarly journals Biological Potential of Semi-Purified Enterocin of Enterococcus Sp. Yt3 Against Selected Food Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1584-1596
Author(s):  
Charu Khanna ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
Sujata Das
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
Life Improvement

The efforts for prevention of food borne illness and infections draw great attention, worldwide. Different methods, both physical as well as chemical, are commonly used for improving shelf life of food, but limited efficiency of physical methods, and potential health hazards associated with chemical methods, have brought biological processes in the limelight. One such natural, environment friendly, highly effective natural food preservants are, bacteriocins. Thus, there is a continuous need for better bacteriocin producers in the search for more effective bacteriocins than what are already available in the market. In the current study, food samples were collected from local market of Jalandhar, Punjab, and evaluated for bacteriocin producing Lactic acid bacteria. Enterococcus sp. YT3 was found to be the most efficient bacteriocin producer among the isolates, with higher bacteriocin activity exhibited by the given strain under optimized cultural conditions. The partially purified bacteriocin have molecular weight between 35kDa & 48kDa, possess pH (2-10) and thermal stability (even at 121o C for 20 minutes), and exhibit biological potential against different bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and B. subtilis). Future studies will focus on checking different food samples for real time evaluation of shelf life improvement.

scholarly journals Multi-Drug and β-Lactam Resistance in Escherichia coli and Food-Borne Pathogens from Animals and Food in Portugal, 2014–2019

Antibiotics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Miguel Mendes Costa ◽  
Miguel Cardo ◽  
Patricia Soares ◽  
Maria Cara d’Anjo ◽  
Andreia Leite
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Support Policy

Animal and food sources are seen as a potential transmission pathway of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to humans. The aim of this study is to describe Campylobacter, Salmonella, and commensal Escherichia coli multi-drug resistance (MDR) in the food chain between 2014 and 2019 in Portugal. AMR surveillance data from food-producing animals and food were assessed. MDR relative frequencies were estimated by bacterial genus and year. AMR profiles were created using observations of resistance to antimicrobial classes from each isolate. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were clustered using k-modes. Clusters were described by population, AMR classification, β-lactamases, sample stage, sample type, season, and year. Overall, MDR was more prevalent for E. coli, ranging from 74–90% in animal and 94–100% in food samples. MDR was found to be more widespread in resistance profiles that were common among E. coli and Salmonella isolates and in those exclusively observed for E. coli, frequently including (fluoro)quinolones and cephalosporins resistance. β-lactam resistance was observed around 75% to 3rd/4th-generation cephalosporins in E. coli. Clusters suggest an escalating MDR behaviour from farm to post-farm stages in all bacteria and that Salmonella (fluoro)quinolones resistance may be associated with broilers. These findings support policy and decision making to tackle MDR in farm and post-farm stages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document