Mechanical Properties of MAX Phases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Max Phase ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Max Phases ◽  
Thermal Barriers ◽  
Potential Applications

MAX Phase Materials are uniquely structured carbide and nitride materials which combine the rigidity, oxidation-resistance and high-temperature strength of ceramic materials with such metallic properties as good machinability, thermal-shock resistance, damage-tolerance and good transport properties. Potential applications include microelectronic layers, coatings for electrical contacts, thermal shock-resistant refractories, high-temperature heating elements, neutron-irradiation resistant nuclear applications, thermal barriers, protective aerospace coatings, and bio-compatible materials. The book reviews theoretical and experimental research up to early 2021 and references 185 original resources with their direct web links for in-depth reading.

THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC ANALYSES OF SYNTHESIZING ZrB2@Al(OH)3–Y(OH)3 CORE–SHELL COMPOSITE PARTICLES

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIEGUANG SONG ◽  
LIANMENG ZHANG ◽  
JUNGUO LI ◽  
JIANRONG SONG
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solubility Product ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Shell Composite

ZrB 2 has some excellent performances, but it is easily oxidized at high temperatures to impact the high-temperature strength, which restricts its applied range. To protect from the oxidization and improve the strength of ZrB 2 at high temperature, the surface of ZrB 2 particles is coated with the Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 shell to synthesize ZrB 2@ Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 core–shell composite particles. Through the thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the heterogeneous nucleation and homogeneous nucleation, the concentration product of precursor ion ( Y 3+ or Al 3+) and OH - (Qi) must be greater than the solubility product (K sp ), respectively; the conditions of Y 3+ and Al 3+ are reached to produce Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 shell on the ZrB 2 surface between the Y 3+ line and the AlO 2- line. Through TEM and XRD analyses, ZrB 2@ Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 core–shell composite particles are successfully synthesized by the co-precipitation method, the shell layer quality is better at pH = 9, which established the foundation for preparing high-performance YAG / ZrB 2 and Al 2 O 3– YAG / ZrB 2 multiphase ceramic materials.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Si3N4@Al(OH)3–Y(OH)3 CORE-SHELL COMPOSITE PARTIC3LES

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIE-GUANG SONG ◽  
GANG-CHANG JI ◽  
SHI-BIN LI ◽  
LIAN-MENG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Shell Composite

Silicon nitride ( Si 3 N 4) has attracted substantial interest because of its extreme chemical and physical properties, but the sintering densification of Si 3 N 4 is difficult, and it is easily oxidized in the high-temperature air to impact high-temperature strength, which restricts its applied range. In order to decrease the oxidization and improve the strength of Si 3 N 4 at high temperature, the surface of Si 3 N 4 is coated with Al ( OH )3 and Y ( OH )3 to synthesis Si 3 N 4@ Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 core-shell composite particles. Through TEM, XRD, and BET analysis, when pH is about 9, Si 3 N 4@ Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 core-shell composite particles are successfully synthesized by co-precipitation methods. Coating layer is about 200 nm, which is compaction and conformability. Dispersion of coated Si 3 N 4 with Al ( OH )3 and Y ( OH )3 particles are very good. Synthesis of Si 3 N 4@ Al ( OH )3– Y ( OH )3 core-shell composite powder will lay the foundation for preparing high-performance YAG/Si 3 N 4 multiphase ceramic materials.

Unique Microstructural Development in SiC Materials with High Fracture Toughness

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Shinozaki
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
Microstructural Development ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Cubic Symmetry ◽  
Grain Size And Shape ◽  
Catastrophic Fracture

Application of silicon carbide (SiC) as a structural material has been limited thus far by its low fracture toughness, even though, in comparison to other ceramic materials, SiC has superior high-temperature strength and creep, wear, corrosion, and oxidation resistance. For automotive applications, a higher fracture toughness is required. For example, the brittleness and catastrophic fracture behavior of SiC materials have resulted in limited use in automobile exhaust-valve systems and turbocharger rotors. High-density SiC bodies can be produced by a pressureless sintering process. However, the sintered bodies often include flaws which are related to processing, primarily, the presence of agglomerates and crystallographic defects in the starting powders. The importance of grain size and shape refinement in the improvement of mechanical properties has been recognized, and thus, processing procedures and sintering aid compositions have been examined extensively. However, one of the key factors is the “as-received” powder characterization (distribution of grain sizes, polytypes, and impurities) for producing sintered bodies of SiC with consistent physical properties.A complexity in SiC materials is that SiC can form various crystal structures having essentially the same chemical composition but a differing number of stacking layers in the unit cell. This is commonly called a polytype. There is only one crystal structure with cubic symmetry, which is identified as 3C or the β-phase. At high temperature, the β-phase transforms to α-phases with hexagonal or rhombohedral symmetry, with 4H, 15R, and 6H (Ramsdell notation) being the major polytypes observed in SiC materials. Preference of the polytype selection during the β- to α-phase transformation is dependent on the chemistry of the sintering aids and metallic impurities in the grain boundaries.

UHB ROLAND

Alloy Digest ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Good Resistance

Abstract UHB ROLAND is a chromium-molybdenum-cobalt-vanadium tool steel characterized by good resistance to thermal shock and thermal fatigue, good high-temperature strength, good wear resistance and good machinability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-296. Producer or source: Uddeholm Aktiebolag.

Properties and Manufacturing Method of Silicon Carbide Ceramic New Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1693-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Silicon Carbide Ceramic ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Carbide Ceramics ◽  
Silicon Carbide Ceramics

Ceramic industry developed rapidly in recent years, a greater demand for new materials. SiC ceramics as one of candidate materials that a few suitable for use high-temperature structural parts, shows its unique advantages in the high temperature, thermal shock, corrosive and other harsh environments. Its high temperature performance and application potential has attracted people's attention, but its properties make it difficult sintering at atmospheric pressure, unable to meet the needs of industrial production. Pressure less sintering technology has become the key in its application promotion. As strong antioxidant activity, better abrasion resistance, hardness, thermal stability, high temperature strength, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity and thermal shock and great chemical resistance and other excellent characteristics, Silicon carbide ceramics are widely used in various fields. Based on the silicon carbide ceramic materialisms development process, characteristics, international research and proposed several status of sintering silicon carbide ceramic, and discuss its development trends.

High Temperature Characteristics of Unidirectionally Solidified Eutectic Ceramic Composites and some Potential Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Waku ◽  
Hideyuki Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Very High

We have recently developed ceramic eutectics, which are named Melt Growth Composites (MGCs). The binary MGCs (Al2O3/YAG and Al2O3/GAP binary systems) have a novel microstructure, in which continuous networks of single-crystal Al2O3 phases and single-crystal oxide compounds (YAG or GAP) interpenetrate without grain boundaries. To characterize the entangled structure of the typical MGCs, the X-ray computerized tomography (micro X-ray CT) was performed at a synchrotron radiation facility Spring8. The micro X-ray CT showed that the Al2O3 and the GAP are entangled with each other. Therefore, the MGCs have excellent high-temperature strength characteristics, creep resistance, superior oxidation resistance and thermal stability in the air atmosphere at very high temperatures. To achieve higher thermal efficiency for gas turbine systems, MGC bowed stacking nozzle vanes have been fabricated on an experimental basis.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Ceramic Materials. High Temperature Strength and Creep-Fatigue Behavior of Ceramics.

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (501) ◽  
pp. 710-714
Author(s):  
Masato MURATA ◽  
Wataru TAKAHARA ◽  
Yoshihiko MUKAI ◽  
Jun-ichi SATO ◽  
Takeshi DEGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Creep Fatigue

Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide and Silicon Nitride for Gas Turbine Applications

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Alliegro ◽  
S. H. Coes
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Shock Resistance ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Shock Resistance

Two unique ceramic materials offer the gas turbine designer the opportunity to substitute uncooled high temperature components for the presently cooled metal and alloy ones. Recrystallized silicon carbide made by a casting process and reaction bonded silicon nitride shaped by a simple machining process before firing, offer not only high temperature materials capable of living in the gas turbine environment, but also an intricacy of shape consistent with combustor, shroud and associated high temperature component needs. Silicon carbide’s 3200 F capability and its thermal shock resistance makes it a sound choice; silicon nitride’s low expansion coefficient, thermal shock resistance, and 2900 F capability make it a material of real merit. The properties of these materials are discussed in detail along with potential areas of application and design capabilities.

Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis of Boron-Containing MAX-Phase

2017 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr P. Amosov ◽  
Evgeniy I. Latukhin ◽  
P.A. Petrov ◽  
E.A. Amosov ◽  
Vladislav A. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Max Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Max Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Titanium Borides ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis

An attempt was made to obtain boron-containing MAX-phase by the process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of Ti3AlC2, replacing some carbon atoms by boron atoms. This was conducted by burning powder mixtures (charges) of the composition 3Ti+2Al+2((1-x)C+xB), where x is the fraction of boron atoms (0.10, 0.15, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 0.90), replacing the carbon atoms. X-ray diffraction analysis of the products of combustion have shown that the replacement of carbon with boron to half of the content of carbon atoms in the charge (x=0.10-0.50), does not change the phase composition of the products, including Ti3AlC2 and TiC, but leads to a shift of the peaks of these phases in the diffraction pattern in the direction of smaller angles. When replacing more than half of the carbon atoms with the boron (x=0.75 and 0.90), the peaks of titanium carbide and MAX-phase are not observed, and the XRD peaks appear of the titanium borides TiB and TiB2, and intermetallic compound Al3Ti. Photomicrographs obtained with an electron microscope show that the SHS products synthesized from the charge with replacing up to half of the carbon atoms with the boron represent plates with a thickness of about 1 μm typical for MAX-phases, but rounded particles of borides and intermetallic compound of titanium appear at a higher boron content. Based on these results, it is concluded that replacement of a part (up to 50%) of the carbon atoms with boron atoms in the SHS charge 3Ti+2Al+2C leads to the synthesis of boron-containing MAX-phase based on the crystal lattice of Ti3AlC2.

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