scholarly journals Reliability of Measuring Thoracic Kyphosis Angle, Lumbar Lordosis Angle and Straight Leg Raise with an Inclinometer

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Van Blommestein
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Straight Leg Raise

scholarly journals The influence of elongation exercises on the anterior-posterior spine curvatures

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Sławomir Snela ◽  
Justyna Rykała ◽  
Justyna Podgórska ◽  
Aleksandra Truszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Upper Thoracic Spine ◽  
Posterior Spine ◽  
Pair Sequence ◽  
Upper Thoracic ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Summary Introduction: Elongation exercises are designed to reduce existing pathological or increased physiological curvatures of the spine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes occurring in the parameters describing the anterior-posterior spinal curvatures during the performance of symmetric elongation exercises. Material and methods: The study included 150 children aged 7-10 years: 82 girls and 68 boys. It was performed in June 2012, following prior parental and the subjects’ consent. The study design was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Medical Faculty of Rzeszow University (number 05/07/2012). In each subject, an examination of the body posture was performed twice - first in a relaxed position and second during an elongation exercise. The Wilcoxon pair sequence test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The lumbosacral angle was significantly higher during the performance of an elongation exercise (p < 0.001), and so was the thoracolumbar angle (p < 0.001). The angle of the upper thoracic spine (p < 0.01) was significantly reduced. In the case of parameters describing thoracic kyphosis, a significant increase was observed both for the thoracic kyphosis angle (p < 0.01) and the depth of this part of the spine. As for the parameters describing lumbar lordosis, both the lordosis angle and its depth were significantly reduced (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). Conclusions: 1. Elongation exercises reduce the depth of lumbar lordosis. 2. During elongation exercises thoracic kyphosis becomes deeper

scholarly journals The Effect of Reduction Mammaplasty on the Vertebral Column: A Radiologic Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onder Karaaslan ◽  
H. Gokhan Demirkiran ◽  
Ozlem Silistreli ◽  
Erhan Sonmez ◽  
Yagmur Kaan Bedir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
White Women ◽  
Reduction Mammaplasty ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Breast Size ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Some studies emphasized that anatomic mechanisms of vertebral aberrations could be associated with large breasts. The effect of mammaplasty operation on the vertebral column and body posture seems to be beneficial; in this trial, it was planned to investigate the objective radiologic effect of reduction mammaplasty on the posture of the vertebral column in a group of patients operated due to the large breasts. Thirty-four white women with large breasts were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into three groups according to their breast cup sizes. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the lumbosacral and thoracic spine were taken at baseline preoperatively, and the same radiographic images were taken in an average of 12 months later than the reduction mammaplasty operation. All were evaluated and compared for thoracic kyphosis angle and lumbar lordosis angle both preoperatively and postoperatively. The mean thoracic kyphosis angle was 40,53 preoperatively and 39,38 postoperatively. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative measurements in all groups (P>0,05). The mean lumbar lordosis angle was 54,71 preoperatively and 53,18 postoperatively. Regarding the preoperative and postoperative measurements of lumbar lordosis angles, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (P>0,05). Although breast size may be an important factor that affects body posture, reduction mammaplasty operations have little or no radiologic effect on the vertebral column.

scholarly journals Effects of a Verbal Intervention for Head and Neck Posture on Lumbar Lordosis Angles in Healthy Young and Older Adults: a Preliminary Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Zhai ◽  
Yongchao Huang ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
Jiayun Feng ◽  
Chaolei Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategy ◽  
Anterior Angle

Abstract Background Postural rehabilitation plays an important role in the treatment of non-specific low back pain. Although pelvic inclination has been widely used to improve lumbar lordosis, the effect of cervical anterior inclination on lumbar lordosis in young and older adults, in sitting and standing posture is still unclear. This preliminary study was designed to examine the influence of changing the cervical anterior angle on the lumbar lordosis angle, through alterations of the head position under the natural sitting and standing conditions, aiming to provide a basis for establishing a new postural rehabilitation strategy.Methods Thirty-eight older (68.4 ± 5.9 years old) and 36 young (24.0 ± 2.2 years old) healthy adults participated in this study. The four spinal regional angles - cervical anterior angle, thoracic kyphosis angle, lumbar lordosis angle, and pelvic foreword inclination angle were measured in standing and relaxed sitting postures to determine the effects of a postural cueing, “inclining head backward and performing chin tuck”, for the head and neck posture on lumbar lordosis angle.Results In the standing posture, the pelvic foreword inclination angle in the older group was significantly smaller (P <0.001) than that in the young group, and increased significantly (P <0.001) post the postural cueing. In addition, the thoracic kyphosis angle in the standing (P = 0.001) and sitting (P = 0.003) positions was significantly reduced post the postural cueing. However, the lumbar lordosis angle post postural cueing increased significantly in both the standing position (P <0.001) and sitting position (P <0.001).Conclusion The results suggest that increasing the cervical anterior angle can indeed increase the lumbar lordosis angle, and the cervical anterior inclination can be used as an alternative to pelvic foreward inclination to improve the lumbar lordosis angle. Furthermore, the change of head and neck posture can reduce the thoracic kyphosis angle, making it possible to establish a new non-invasive body posture rehabilitation strategy.(approval number TJUS2019032)

scholarly journals Effectiveness of deformity-correction surgery for primary degenerative sagittal imbalance: a meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Hyun Lee ◽  
Chun Kee Chung ◽  
Jee-Soo Jang ◽  
Sung-Min Kim ◽  
Dong-Kyu Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Sagittal Imbalance ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis ◽  
Correction Surgery ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVEAs life expectancy continues to increase, primary degenerative sagittal imbalance (PDSI) is diagnosed in an increasing number of elderly people. Although corrective surgery for this sagittal deformity is becoming more popular, the effectiveness of the procedure remains unclear. The authors aimed to collate the available evidence on the effectiveness and complications of deformity-correction surgery in patients with PDSI.METHODSThe authors carried out a meta-analysis of clinical studies regarding deformity correction in patients with PDSI. The studies were identified through searches of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Surgery outcomes were evaluated and overall treatment effectiveness was assessed in terms of the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values and pain levels according to visual analog scale (VAS) scores and in terms of restoration of spinopelvic parameters to within a normal range. Data are expressed as mean differences with 95% CIs.RESULTSTen studies comprising 327 patients were included. The VAS and ODI values improved after deformity-correction surgery. The smallest treatment effect exceeded the MCID for VAS values (4.15 [95% CI 3.48–4.82]) but not for ODI values (18.11 [95% CI 10.99–25.23]). At the final follow-up visit, the mean lumbar lordosis angle (−38.60° [95% CI −44.19° to −33.01°]), thoracic kyphosis angle (31.10° [95% CI 24.67°–37.53°]), C-7 sagittal vertical axis (65.00 mm [95% CI 35.27–94.72 mm]), and pelvic tilt angle (30.82° [95% CI 24.41°–37.23°]) remained outside their normal ranges. Meta-regression analyses revealed a significant effect of ODI change in relation to lumbar lordosis change (p = 0.004). After a mean of 2 years after deformity correction, the mean lumbar lordosis angle and C-7 sagittal vertical axis decreased by 5.82° and 38.91 mm, respectively, and the mean thoracic kyphosis angle increased by 4.7°. The incidences of proximal junctional kyphosis and pseudarthrosis were 23.7% and 12.8%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSDeformity correction substantially relieves back pain for about 2 years in adult patients with PDSI. Sufficient surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis can lead to substantial improvement in patient disability and reduced decompensation. Deformity correction represents a viable therapeutic option for patients with PDSI, but further technical advancements are necessary to achieve sufficient lumbar lordosis and reduce complication rates.

scholarly journals Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: sagital plane and low density pedicle screws

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Augusto do Amaral ◽  
Robert Meves ◽  
Maria Fernanda Silber Caffaro ◽  
Ricardo Shigueaki Galhego Umeta ◽  
Luciano Antônio Nassar Pelegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Kyphosis Correction ◽  
Pearson Coefficient ◽  
Analysis Of Dispersion

OBJECTIVE: To examine the sagittal curves of patients treated with CD instrumentation using exclusively pedicle screws. METHODS: Image analysis of medical records of 27 patients (26 M and 1 F) with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, who underwent surgical treatment in our service between January 2005 and December 2010. The curves were evaluated on coronal and sagittal planes, taking into account the potential correction of the technique. RESULTS: In the coronal plan the following curves were evaluated: proximal thoracic (TPx), main thoracic (TPp), and thoracolumbar; lumbar (TL, L), and the average flexibility was 52%, 52%, and 92% and the capacity of correction was 51%, 72%, and 64%, respectively. In the sagittal plane there was a mean increase in thoracic kyphosis (CT) of 41% and an average reduction of lumbar lordosis (LL) of 17%. Correlation analysis between variables showed Pearson coefficient of correlation of 0.053 and analysis of dispersion of R2 = <0.001. CONCLUSION: The method has shown satisfactory results with maintenance of kyphosis correction in patients with normal and hyper kyphotic deformities.

scholarly journals Normal Age-Adjusted Sagittal Spinal Alignment Is Achieved with Surgical Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subaraman Ramchandran ◽  
Norah Foster ◽  
Akhila Sure ◽  
Thomas J. Errico ◽  
Aaron J. Buckland
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Retrospective analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Our hypothesis is that the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) maintains normal sagittal alignment as compared to age-matched normative adolescent population.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in AIS has been reported, however, whether corrective spinal fusion surgery re-establishes normal alignment remains unverified.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Sagittal profiles and spino-pelvic parameters of thirty-eight postsurgical correction AIS patients ≤21 years old without prior fusion from a single institution database were compared to previously published normative age-matched data. Coronal and sagittal measurements including structural coronal Cobb angle, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, C2–C7 cervical lordosis, C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis, and T1 pelvic angles were measured on standing full-body stereoradiographs using validated software to compare preoperative and 6 months postoperative changes with previously published adolescent norms. A sub-group analysis of patients with type 1 Lenke curves was performed comparing preoperative to postoperative alignment and also comparing this with previously published normative values.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The mean coronal curve of the 38 AIS patients (mean age, 16±2.2 years; 76.3% female) was corrected from 53.6° to 9.6° (80.9%, <italic>p</italic>&lt;0.01). None of the thoracic and spino-pelvic sagittal parameters changed significantly after surgery in previously hypo- and normo-kyphotic patients. In hyper-kyphotic patients, thoracic kyphosis decreased (<italic>p</italic>=0.003) with a reciprocal decrease in lumbar lordosis (<italic>p</italic>=0.01), thus lowering pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch mismatch (<italic>p</italic>=0.009). Structural thoracic scoliosis patients had slightly more thoracic kyphosis than age-matched patients at baseline and surgical correction of the coronal plane of their scoliosis preserved normal sagittal alignment postoperatively. A sub-analysis of Lenke curve type 1 patients (n=24) demonstrated no statistically significant changes in the sagittal alignment postoperatively despite adequate coronal correction.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Surgical correction of the coronal plane in AIS patients preserves sagittal and spino-pelvic alignment as compared to age-matched asymptomatic adolescents.</p></sec>

scholarly journals Posterior-Only Approach with Pedicle Screws for the Correction of Scheuermann's Kyphosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Cobden ◽  
Akif Albayrak ◽  
Yalkin Camurcu ◽  
Hakan Sofu ◽  
Temel Tacal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Sacral Slope ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Radiological Results ◽  
Lower Complication ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Results

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Retrospective study (level of evidence: level 3).</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of the posterior-only approach with pedicle screws for the treatment of Scheuermann's kyphosis (SK).</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>The correction of SK with instrumentation can be performed using posterior-only or combined anterior-posterior procedures. With the use of all-pedicle screw constructs in spine surgery, the posterior-only approach has become a popular option for the definitive treatment of SK. In a nationwide study involving 2,796 patients, a trend toward posterior-only fusion with lower complication rates was reported.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who underwent posterior-only correction for SK between January 2005 and May 2013. Patients with a definite diagnosis of SK who fulfilled the minimum follow-up criterion of 24 months were included. The thoracic kyphosis (T5–T12), lumbar lordosis (L1–S1), and thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2) angles were measured from preoperative, postoperative, and last control radiographs. Sagittal balance, thoracic length, thoracic diameter, Voutsinas index and the sacral slope, pelvic tilt, proximal junction kyphosis, and distal junction kyphosis angles were also measured.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Forty-five patients underwent surgery for the treatment of SK between 2005 and 2013. After applying the exclusion criteria, 20 patients (18 males and 2 females) with a mean age of 19 years were included. The mean thoracic kyphosis angle was 79.8 degrees preoperatively, 44.6 degrees postoperatively, and 44.9 degrees at the last control. There were statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative values in the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles, thoracic length, thoracic diameter, and Voutsinas index (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The clinical and radiological results of the current study suggest that posterior-only fusion is an efficient technique for the treatment of SK.</p></sec>

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