Whiskered Tern (Chlidonias hybrida)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gochfeld ◽  
Joanna Burger ◽  
Guy M. Kirwan ◽  
Ernest Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

Indirect evidence of conspecific nest parasitism in the colonial whiskered tern (Chlidonias hybrida)

2008 ◽  
Vol 331 (7) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Paillisson ◽  
Franck Latraube ◽  
Loïc Marion ◽  
Vincent Bretagnolle
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Nest Parasitism ◽  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

Reproductive parameters in relation to food supply in the whiskered tern (Chlidonias hybrida)

2006 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Paillisson ◽  
Sébastien Reeber ◽  
Alexandre Carpentier ◽  
Loïc Marion
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

Feeding Ecology of the Whiskered Tern, Chlidonias-Hybrida, in the Alligator Rivers Region, Northern-Territory

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
PL Dostine ◽  
SR Morton
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Invertebrate Animals ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

Prey from stomachs of 55 whiskered terns collected on a freshwater floodplain in the monsoonal Northern Territory were identified and counted. The terns ate a wide variety of invertebrate animals, most of them aquatic or with aquatic affinities. The most important prey in terms of dry weight were small fish, particularly Eleotridae, and insects, particularly Coleoptera, Odonata and Hemiptera. Vertebrates constituted 51% by dry weight of the diet. Numerically, dominant groups were Coleoptera, Odonata and small fish. Sexual differences were evident in morphology and diet. Males were heavier, had longer bills and wider gapes, and consumed more fish; females ate more invertebrates.

scholarly journals Sex-specific growth of nestlings of the Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida, a species with sexual size dimorphism and female brood desertion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Banach ◽  
Grzegorz Neubauer ◽  
Adam Flis ◽  
Mateusz Ledwoń
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Total Head ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

AbstractThe growth of a nestling during the first few weeks after hatching is crucial for its further life and is sensitive to the conditions experienced during this period. Among species exhibiting Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD), one of the most important factors influencing growth parameters is the sex of the hatchlings. In this study, we tested whether sex and other factors (hatching date, egg volume, brood size and sex ratio in the brood) were related to sex on growth parameters in Whiskered Tern (Chlidonias hybrida) chicks. In this species, males are 3%–10% larger than females when adult. At hatching, only the total head length was greater in males than females, but values close to fledging were greater for most of the measured parameters (3%—tarsus, 4%—total head length, 13%—body mass). Moreover, the maximum body mass growth rate was higher in males but females entered the rapid growth phase somewhat earlier and achieved the final total head length sooner. Nestling growth was also significantly correlated with brood size and hatching date, though mostly negatively (e.g. lower tarsus and total head length asymptote, lower maximum growth rate and growth rate constant of total head length in bigger and later clutches). The occurrence of SSD during the nestling period and higher maximum growth rate of body mass in males indicates that the costs of raising sons may be higher than of raising daughters. However, we did not find evidence of either sex-biased nestling mortality or skewed sex ratio.

scholarly journals Reproductive success of Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida in eastern Spain in relation to water level variation

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4548
Author(s):  
Álvaro Ortiz Lledó ◽  
Javier Vidal Mateo ◽  
Vicente Urios Moliner
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Water Level Fluctuation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Whiskered Tern ◽  
Fluctuation Rate ◽  
Chlidonias Hybrida

Background A study on the Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida was carried out between 2002 and 2009 in wetlands of eastern Spain to evaluate how water level fluctuation affects its reproductive success (hatching, fledgling and breeding success). This species is catalogued as Vulnerable in Spain and has an unfavorable conservation status in Europe. Methods Our study includes 18 sampling areas from five wetlands, covering a total of 663 nests, 1,618 eggs, 777 nestlings and 225 fledglings. The colonies were visited at least twice per week in breeding period. The number of eggs and/or nestlings present in each nest were annotated each time the colonies were visited with the aim to compare the evolution of these parameters with time. Hatching success was calculated as the proportion of egg that hatched successfully. Fledgling success and breeding success were calculated as the proportion of chicks that fledged successfully and the proportion of eggs that produced fledglings. We used the Kruskal–Wallis test to analyze the differences in the dependent variables hatching, fledgling and breeding success among the wetlands and the sampling areas. We explored the relationship between the different reproductive success with the average fluctuation rate and the anchoring depth of nests, using statistics of the linear regression. Results It was observed that the reproductive success varied significantly in the interaction among the different categories of water level fluctuation and the different areas (using the Kruskal–Wallis test). Our records showed that pronounced variations in water level destroyed several nests, which affected the Whiskered Tern reproductive success. Considering all events that occurred in 18 areas, the mean (±SD) of nests, eggs and nestlings that were lost after water level fluctuations were of 25.60 ± 21.79%, 32.06 ± 27.58% and 31.91 ± 21.28% respectively, also including the effects of rain and predation. Discussion Unfavorable climatic events, such as strong wind, rain or hail, also caused the loss of nests, eggs and nestlings, even when wetland water levels remained constant. The influence of the anchorage depth of the nest and the water level fluctuation rate were analyzed and did not provide statistically significant results. It was not possible to establish a clear pattern on these latter variables, so further studies are needed to obtain more significant results. We propose to undertake similar studies in wetlands where the water level can be regulated, with the range of nest anchorage depth on the emergent vegetation being between 30 and 60 cm, which could improve the reproductive success in this kind of habitats. As recommendation, in water level controlled wetlands (that use sluices), it should not vary more than ±6 cm in a short time (1–2 days) once the nests are established since it negatively affects their reproductive success.

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