scholarly journals Novel Dual-Functional Membrane for Controlling Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Fossil Fuel Power Plants

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brinker ◽  
George Xomeritakis ◽  
C.-Y. Tsai ◽  
Ying-Bing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Functional Membrane ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Trade-off in emissions of acid gas pollutants and of carbon dioxide in fossil fuel power plants with carbon capture

Energy Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 3991-3998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Tzimas ◽  
Arnaud Mercier ◽  
Calin-Cristian Cormos ◽  
Stathis D. Peteves
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Transporting the Next Generation of CO2 for Carbon, Capture and Storage: The Impact of Impurities on Supercritical CO2 Pipelines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Seevam ◽  
Julia M. Race ◽  
Martin J. Downie ◽  
Phil Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Climate change has been attributed to greenhouse gases with carbon dioxide (CO2) being the major contributor. Most of these CO2 emissions originate from the burning of fossil fuels (e.g. power plants). Governments and industry worldwide are now proposing to capture CO2 from their power plants and either store it in depleted reservoirs or saline aquifers (‘Carbon Capture and Storage’, CCS), or use it for ‘Enhanced Oil Recovery’ (EOR) in depleting oil and gas fields. The capture of this anthropogenic (man made sources of CO2) CO2 will mitigate global warming, and possibly reduce the impact of climate change. The United States has over 30 years experience with the transportation of carbon dioxide by pipeline, mainly from naturally occurring, relatively pure CO2 sources for onshore EOR. CCS projects differ significantly from this past experience as they will be focusing on anthropogenic sources from major polluters such as fossil fuel power plants, and the necessary CO2 transport infrastructure will involve both long distance onshore and offshore pipelines. Also, the fossil fuel power plants will produce CO2 with varying combinations of impurities depending on the capture technology used. CO2 pipelines have never been designed for these differing conditions; therefore, CCS will introduce a new generation of CO2 for transport. Application of current design procedures to the new generation pipelines is likely to yield an over-designed pipeline facility, with excessive investment and operating cost. In particular, the presence of impurities has a significant impact on the physical properties of the transported CO2 which affects: pipeline design; compressor/pump power; repressurisation distance; pipeline capacity. These impurities could also have implications in the fracture control of the pipeline. All these effects have direct implications for both the technical and economic feasibility of developing a carbon dioxide transport infrastructure onshore and offshore. This paper compares and contrasts the current experience of transporting CO2 onshore with the proposed transport onshore and offshore for CCS. It covers studies on the effect of physical and transport properties (hydraulics) on key technical aspects of pipeline transportation, and the implications for designing and operating a pipeline for CO2 containing impurities. The studies reported in the paper have significant implications for future CO2 transportation, and highlight a number of knowledge gaps that will have to be filled to allow for the efficient and economic design of pipelines for this ‘next’ generation of anthropogenic CO2.

scholarly journals Measurement of Biocarbon in Flue Gases Using 14C

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Hämäläinen ◽  
H Jungner ◽  
O Antson ◽  
J Räsänen ◽  
K Tormonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Flue Gases

A preliminary investigation of the biocarbon fraction in carbon dioxide emissions of power plants using both fossil- and biobased fuels is presented. Calculation of the biocarbon fraction is based on radiocarbon content measured in power plant flue gases. Samples were collected directly from the chimneys into plastic sampling bags. The 14C content in CO2 was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Flue gases from power plants that use natural gas, coal, wood chips, bark, plywood residue, sludge from the pulp factory, peat, and recovered fuel were measured. Among the selected plants, there was one that used only fossil fuel and one that used only biofuel; the other investigated plants burned mixtures of fuels. The results show that 14C measurement provides the possibility to determine the ratio of bio and fossil fuel burned in power plants.

scholarly journals CO2 CONTENT OF GREEK LIGNITE: THE CASE OF PROASTIO LIGNITE DEPOSIT IN PTOLEMAIS BASIN, NORTHERN GREECE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2274
Author(s):  
Α. Metaxas ◽  
Α.Ν. Georgakopoulos ◽  
D.Μ.Μ. Karageorgiou ◽  
G. Papanikolaou ◽  
E.D. Karageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Geological Storage ◽  
Northern Greece

Lignite is an important energy source for Greece, which severely relies on this fossil fuel for electricity generation over the years. The lignite combustion, however, releases a significant amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere per unit of energy generated, more than does the combustion of other fossil fuels. On the other hand, there is a growing concern over the possible consequences of global warming due to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (a major greenhouse gas). Additionally, there is also a need for accurate estimates of carbon dioxide emissions. There are many factors resulting in the increase of CO2 content in lignite such as their formation and depositional environment, the possible presence of fossils, and their rank. In the present paper the CO2 content of the Proastio lignite deposit, Ptolemais Basin, is studied, in relation to the depositional palaeo-environment. An interpretation of CO2 variation with depth, age and surrounding rocks is also attempted. CO2 content of Proastio deposit is compared with this of other lignite deposits in the Ptolemais Basin, of various types and ages. Finally, the effect of CO2 content in the combustion of lignite is studied, while the possibility of the geological storage of the emitted carbon dioxide is explored after its capture from the Thermal Power Plants (CCS technology).

Solvent Selection and Recycling for Carbon Absorption in a Pulverized Coal Power Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Reed ◽  
P. Kotechs ◽  
U. Diwekar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Coal Power Plant ◽  
Carbon Absorption ◽  
Coal Power ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Simulated Annealing is used to optimize the solvent selection and recycling conditions for a carbon dioxide absorber in a pulverized coal power plant. The project uses Aspen Plus V7.1 to model a pulverized coal power plant and the carbon capture system. Simulated Annealing is introduced via the CAPE OPEN feature in Aspen Plus to find the best combination to absorb the most carbon dioxide while using the least amount of power for carbon absorption. With this optimal configuration, retrofitting carbon absorption into current power plants will cause a smaller drop in efficiency than that of the current practice. This project will lead to improved sustainability for fossil fuel power plants, by reducing the amount of emissions from fossil fuel power plants without a significant reduction in efficiency.

Controlling CO2 Emissions from Power Plants: A Environmental View

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 2049-2053
Author(s):  
Sandeep G. Kotakar ◽  
Ravindra R. Navthar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

We are aware of the present scientific concerns regarding greenhouse gas emissions and the role of fossil fuel use for power generation. Although the scientific and policy dialogue on global climate change is far from conclusive, we want to design high efficiency power generation equipment with the most modern technologies to utilize fossil fuels with the lowest possible emissions and technologies to remove and sequester carbon dioxide created in power plants in an environmentally and economically favorable manner. This paper is an overview of activities to study and develop controls for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power generation. First, energy efficiency improvements for both new and Existing fossil fuel power plants are briefly reviewed for both coal and natural gas fuels. Greater depth is then given to options for CO2 capture and sequestration. These studies are looking at current and novel power generation technologies.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Geothermal Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O’Sullivan ◽  
Michael Gravatt ◽  
Joris Popineau ◽  
John O’Sullivan ◽  
Warren Mannington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Geothermal Power

scholarly journals Drivers of CO2-Emissions in Fossil Fuel Abundant Settings: (Pooled) Mean Group and Nonparametric Panel Analyses

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elkhan Richard Sadik-Zada ◽  
Wilhelm Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Per Capita

The present inquiry addresses the income-environment relationship in oil-producing countries and scrutinizes the further drivers of atmospheric pollution in the respective settings. The existing literature that tests the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis within the framework of the black-box approaches provides only a bird’s-eye perspective on the long-run income-environment relationship. The aspiration behind this study is making the first step toward the disentanglement of the sources of carbon dioxide emissions, which could be employed in the pollution mitigation policies of this group of countries. Based on the combination of two strands of literature, the environmental Kuznets curve conjecture and the resource curse, the paper at hand proposes an augmented theoretical framework of this inquiry. To approach the research questions empirically, the study employs advanced panel cointegration techniques. To avoid econometric misspecification, the study also employs for the first time a nonparametric time-varying coefficient panel data estimator with fixed effects (NPFE) for the dataset of 37 oil-producing countries in the time interval spanning between 1989 and 2019. The empirical analysis identifies the level of per capita income, the magnitude of oil rents, the share of fossil fuel-based electricity generation in the energy mix, and the share of the manufacturing sector in GDP as essential drivers of carbon dioxide emissions in the oil-rich countries. Tertiarization, on the contrary, leads to a substantial reduction of emissions. Another striking result of this study is that level of political rights and civil liberties are negatively associated with per capita carbon emissions in this group of countries. Furthermore, the study decisively rejects an inverted U-shaped income-emission relationship and validates the monotonically or exponentially increasing impact of average income on carbon dioxide emissions.

Boiler Implosion Control in Fossil Fuel Power Plants

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. Wu ◽  
D. N. Wormley ◽  
D. Rowell ◽  
P. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Power Plant Boiler ◽  
Induced Draft Fan ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants ◽  
Computer Simulation Techniques ◽  
Plant Boiler ◽  
Furnace Pressure

An evaluation of systems for control of fossil fuel power plant boiler and stack implosions has been performed using computer simulation techniques described in a companion paper. The simulations have shown that forced and induced draft fan control systems and induced draft fan bypass systems reduce the furnace pressure excursions significantly following a main fuel trip. The limitations of these systems are associated with actuator range and response time and stack pressure excursions during control actions. Preliminary study suggests that an alternative control solution may be achieved by discharging steam into the furnace after a fuel trip.

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