scholarly journals FY06 LDRD Final Report Next-generation x-ray optics: focusing hard x-rays

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pivovaroff ◽  
R Soufli
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Final Report ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Roles of X-ray optics in the next generation X-ray source

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (a1) ◽  
pp. c20-c20
Author(s):  
M. Yabashi ◽  
K. Tamasaku ◽  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
T. Hara ◽  
T. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray

Mirror Integration Process for High Precision, Lightweight X-Ray Optics

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Biskach ◽  
Timo Saha ◽  
William Zhang ◽  
James Mazzarella ◽  
Ryan McClelland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Angular Resolution ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
High Angular Resolution ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nasa Goddard Space

Next generation X-ray telescopes in the coming decades require optics with high angular resolution and large collecting area at a fixed cost and budget. X-ray optics, unlike traditional normal incidence optics in optical and infrared telescopes, require many times the polished surface area to obtain an equivalent collecting area due to the nature of glancing incidence optics necessary to reflect higher energy X-ray photons. The Next Generation X-ray Optics (NGXO) group at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is developing a manufacturing process capable of producing sub 5 arc-second half-power diameter (HPD) angular resolution optics in the near term, with the long term goal of producing optics for an X-ray telescope in the next 10 years with sub 1 arc-second HPD angular resolution. By parallelizing the production, integration, and testing of X-ray mirrors in separate modules, thousands of precisely formed X-ray mirror segments are assembled into one Mirror Assembly (MA), lowering the cost per collecting area by orders of magnitude compared to previous X-ray telescopes with similar resolution like the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Novel uses of kinematic mounts, precision actuators, and epoxy fixes each X-ray mirror segment to the submicron level with the sufficient strength to survive rocket launch.

scholarly journals Next-generation X-ray Optics for High Resolution Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (S2) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
Wenbing Yun ◽  
Mark Cordier ◽  
Benjamin Stripe ◽  
Sylvia Lewis ◽  
Janos Kirz
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Next generation x-ray optics for astronomy: high resolution, lightweight, and low cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Zhang ◽  
Kim D. Allgood ◽  
Michael P. Biskach ◽  
Kai-Wing Chan ◽  
Michal Hlinka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray

Diamond channel-cut crystals for high-heat-load beam-multiplexing narrow-band X-ray monochromators

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Shvyd'ko ◽  
Sergey Terentyev ◽  
Vladimir Blank ◽  
Tomasz Kolodziej
Keyword(s):  
Heat Load ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Bragg Reflection ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Load Beam ◽  
High Heat Load

Next-generation high-brilliance X-ray photon sources call for new X-ray optics. Here we demonstrate the possibility of using monolithic diamond channel-cut crystals as high-heat-load beam-multiplexing narrow-band mechanically stable X-ray monochromators with high-power X-ray beams at cutting-edge high-repetition-rate X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities. The diamond channel-cut crystals fabricated and characterized in these studies are designed as two-bounce Bragg reflection monochromators directing 14.4 or 12.4 keV X-rays within a 15 meV bandwidth to 57Fe or 45Sc nuclear resonant scattering experiments, respectively. The crystal design allows out-of-band X-rays transmitted with minimal losses to alternative simultaneous experiments. Only ≲2% of the incident ∼100 W X-ray beam is absorbed in the 50 µm-thick first diamond crystal reflector, ensuring that the monochromator crystal is highly stable. Other X-ray optics applications of diamond channel-cut crystals are anticipated.

scholarly journals A universal 21 cm signature of growing massive black holes in the early Universe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sazonov ◽  
I Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Gravitational Potential Energy ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Massive Black Holes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Extreme Uv ◽  
Square Kilometer Array

Abstract There is a hope that looking into the early Universe with next-generation telescopes, one will be able to observe the early accretion growth of supermassive black holes (BHs) when their masses were ∼104–106M⊙. According to the standard accretion theory, the bulk of the gravitational potential energy released by radiatively efficient accretion of matter onto a BH in this mass range is expected to be emitted in the extreme UV–ultrasoft X-ray bands. We demonstrate that such a ’miniquasar’ at z ∼ 15 should leave a specific, localized imprint on the 21 cm cosmological signal. Namely, its position on the sky will be surrounded by a region with a fairly sharp boundary of several arcmin radius, within which the 21 cm brightness temperature quickly grows inwards from the background value of ∼−250 mK to ∼+30 mK. The size of this region is only weakly sensitive to the BH mass, so that the flux density of the excess 21 cm signal is expected to be ∼0.1–0.2 mJy at z ∼ 15 and should be detectable by the Square Kilometer Array. We argue that an optimal strategy would be to search for such signals from high-z miniquasar candidates that can be found and localized with a next-generation X-ray mission such as Lynx. A detection of the predicted 21 cm signal would provide a measurement of the growing BH’s redshift to within Δz/(1 + z) ≲ 0.01.

A rocket payload using focusing X-ray optics for the observation of soft cosmic X-rays

1971 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gorenstein ◽  
B. Harris ◽  
H. Gursky ◽  
R. Giacconi
Keyword(s):  
X Rays ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray

Development of an Ultraprecise Piezoelectric Deformable Mirror for Adaptive X-Ray Optics

2012 ◽  
Vol 523-524 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nakamori ◽  
Satoshi Matsuyama ◽  
Shota Imai ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Yasuhisa Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
High Spatial Frequency ◽  
Deformable Mirror ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fizeau Interferometer ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
Wavefront Correction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kirchhoff Integral

Ultraprecise piezoelectric deformable mirrors have been developed to construct adaptive X-ray focusing optics whose optical parameters can be varied while simultaneously performing wavefront correction. We designed and developed a deformable mirror that did not have high-spatial-frequency deformation errors. Using a Fizeau interferometer, we demonstrated that the mirror could be deformed with a peak-to-valley figure accuracy of 5 nm. In addition, wave-optical simulations based on the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral revealed that the mirror could focus hard X-rays to 90 nm under diffraction-limited conditions.

scholarly journals Next generation astronomical x-ray optics: high angular resolution, light weight, and low production cost

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Zhang ◽  
M. P. Biskach ◽  
P. N. Blake ◽  
K.-W. Chan ◽  
J. A. Gaskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Angular Resolution ◽  
High Angular Resolution ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray
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