scholarly journals Preliminary definition of geophysical regions for the Middle East and North Africa

10.2172/8425 ◽  
1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Sweeney ◽  
B Walter
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Definition Of

Nomenclature and definition of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a consensus from the Middle East and north Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Shiha ◽  
Khalid Alswat ◽  
Maryam Al Khatry ◽  
Ala I Sharara ◽  
Necati Örmeci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals APPLYING THE VERNACULAR MODEL TO HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amer Al-Jokhadar ◽  
Wassim Jabi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Definition Of

In the age of globalisation and continuous urbanisation, architects have a greater responsibility to design residential buildings with comfortable and sustainable environments. However, sustainable solutions should not concern themselves only with utilising technology, but also with creating synergies amongst a community’s social, cultural, historical, and environmental aspects. This research focuses on the implications of this wider definition of sustainability within the hot-arid climates of the Middle East and North Africa. Most of the current high-rise residential buildings in these regions do not promote social cohesion as they have been constructed without consideration for local identity and lifestyle. In contrast, vernacular courtyard dwellings and neighbourhoods offer good examples of socially cohesive and healthy environments. Yet, vernacular houses might not be compatible with pressures of modern construction. The question then becomes how to maintain the relationship between the spatial, social and environmental aspects while employing the latest technologies and materials. This paper presents the different qualities of vernacular houses and neighbourhoods in the different regions of the Middle East and North Africa. Social and spatial relationships of different cases are assessed, through a typological analysis approach using a developed syntactic-geometric model, to trace the lifestyle and the cultural values of the society. The aim is a parametric exploration of appropriate sustainable solutions that facilitate the synergy of socio-climatic requirements, the well-being qualities of the residents, and the specifics of culture, time and people while designing sustainable high-rise developments.

scholarly journals Corruption and Inflation Tax in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region: Sensitivity to Definition of Corruption

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Corruption Perception Index ◽  
Inflation Tax ◽  
Corruption Index ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Of Corruption

Corruption usually harms all aspects of macroeconomic performances of all countries around the World especially the developing world. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the impact of corruption on inflation tax in MENA countries. In a previous paper1, we used Corruption Perception Index (CPI) as a definition of corruption and applied Friedman, International Bank and Vito Tanzi definitions for inflation tax. We concluded that, there is a positive and significant relationship between corruption and inflation tax. In this paper, we used two different indices for corruption; Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and Control of Corruption Index (CCI) to investigate the sensitivity to different definition of corruption. To do so, we have concentrated on a sample of 17 developing countries from Middle East and North Africa countries for which the necessary data were available for the period 2003-2008. We have used two different indices for corruption; Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and Control of Corruption Index (CCI). Our findings based on panel data (we used unbalanced panel data because of missing data) regression models indicate that in general a positive relationship between corruption and inflation tax exists. In other words, the higher is the corruption the higher will be the inflation tax. Therefore, according to the results, governments have to try to use policies reducing corruption.

A Dictionary of Business and Management in the Middle East and North Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Neal
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Business ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Business And Management

Over 250 entries This innovative dictionary provides authoritative and easy-to-understand A–Z definitions of terms encountered in the area of business and management in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Coverage includes key theoretical perspectives and concepts, events, companies, people, social customs, and sectors which have shaped and are shaping the development and structures of business and management in the region. All nineteen countries in the World Bank definition of the MENA are covered, comprising Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Israel, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen, with entries such as wasta, business–state relationship, Saudi Aramco, qarar, majlis, and the al-Saud family. This is an invaluable resource for students, academics, and professionals engaging with international business, with a specific interest in the Middle East and North Africa.

Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment) Literature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Banbaji
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Jewish Scriptures ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
European Jewish ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Anti Jewish

The Haskalah movement became distinguishable in Prussia during the last two decades of the 18th century. It had significant early precursors in Italy and central Europe during the earlier 18th century. After its stormy beginnings in Berlin and Königsberg it moved eastward, supported by new political and economic opportunities. It ran its course in eastern Europe by the early 1880s, with the rise of an avalanche of new ideas that came into being in the aftermath of anti-Jewish pogroms in the South of Russia. Nevertheless, the movement had many subsequent offshoots in the Middle East and North Africa, even after the rise of European Jewish nationalism, and well into the first half of the 20th century. Scholars usually consider the Haskalah movement and its literature a major factor in the process leading to the transformation and modernization of Jewish life, both inside and outside Europe, since the early to mid-18th century. Commonly translated as “Jewish Enlightenment,” the Haskalah (meaning, in Hebrew, knowledge, wisdom, and learning) is often depicted as having deep affiliation with secularization and European enlightenment. This rather automatic identification, however, became a subject of debate once scholars of Haskalah began to tie the movement to various strands of critiques of enlightenment. Such significant changes also befell the definition of Haskalah literature. Defined by most early- to mid-20th-century literary historians as a first instance of modern Hebrew literature, the founding scholars of Haskalah studies defined its literature as written, received, and formed by European elite males, who wrote in Hebrew. This definition has recently been broadened in ways that are likely to transform the innermost meaning of the Haskalah. Haskalah literature now includes works written in Yiddish as well as other Jewish languages, and it encompasses women’s writing and practices of reading, as well as detailed histories of Haskalah works written in North Africa and the Middle East. Finally, stimulated by new developments in the study of Enlightenment, the Haskalah is viewed by many as a playground for competing views on secularization, modernization, and the critique of Enlightenment. Thus, the field of Haskalah studies continues to evolve, as scholars revisit their most fundamental assumptions regarding its historical significance. The founding paradigm of the field established the perception that this was a daring break with Jewish traditional past and a harbinger of Jewish return to the universal or European history. This sense of exhilarating crisis has been replaced since the late 1980s with a more moderate view of Haskalah, as social and intellectual historians began to put greater stress on the maskilim’s (proponents of the Haskalah) attempt to reconcile Jewish scriptures and traditions with the main tenets of the European Enlightenment. This approach has been challenged yet again by scholars seeking to show that maskilim—or their texts—were often highly effective critics of Enlightenment and modernity.

scholarly journals Cretaceous ammonites from the Sultanate of Oman (Adam Foothills)

GeoArabia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-74
Author(s):  
Christian Meister ◽  
André Piuz
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Twenty taxa are described from the Cretaceous of Oman (Adam Foothills). The genera Puzosia, Placenticeras, Cunningtoniceras, Nigericeras, Metoicoceras, Rubroceras and Hoplitoides and the subgenus C. (Gentoniceras) are recorded for the first time from the Arabian Peninsula. Based on the ammonite ranges, a sequence of nine bioevents of the Albian–Turonian is correlated within the zonation, and some markers allow correlations at a larger scale, at least along the southern Neo-Tethys margin. The ammonite data give new constraints for the correlations of the lithological units along the Adam Foothills West-East transect and they question the definition of the lithostratigraphic units within the Natih Formation, especially the Natih A and B members. From a paleogeographic point of view Oman is a landmark for the distribution of the ammonites between the western Neo-Tethys (Europe, North Africa, Middle East) and the eastern Neo-Tethys (Africa, Madagascar and India).

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