scholarly journals Electrostatic direct energy converter performance and cost scaling laws

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Cost Scaling

Performance improvement due to additional collectors in a secondary electron direct energy converter simulator

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nakamoto ◽  
Shota Konno ◽  
Kazuya Ichimura ◽  
Hiromasa Takeno ◽  
Yuichi Furuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy

scholarly journals On energetics and inertial-range scaling laws of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

2012 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 238-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. K. Blackbourn ◽  
Chuong V. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Inertial Range ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Energy Equipartition

AbstractWe study two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, with an emphasis on its energetics and inertial-range scaling laws. A detailed spectral analysis shows that dynamo triads (those converting kinetic into magnetic energy) are associated with a direct magnetic energy flux while anti-dynamo triads (those converting magnetic into kinetic energy) are associated with an inverse magnetic energy flux. As both dynamo and anti-dynamo interacting triads are integral parts of the direct energy transfer, the anti-dynamo inverse flux partially neutralizes the dynamo direct flux, arguably resulting in relatively weak direct energy transfer and giving rise to dynamo saturation. This result is consistent with a qualitative prediction of energy transfer reduction due to Alfvén wave effects by the Iroshnikov–Kraichnan theory (which was originally formulated for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in three dimensions). We numerically confirm the correlation between dynamo action and direct magnetic energy flux and investigate the applicability of quantitative aspects of the Iroshnikov–Kraichnan theory to the present case, particularly its predictions of energy equipartition and ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 3/ 2} $ spectra in the energy inertial range. It is found that for turbulence satisfying the Kraichnan condition of magnetic energy at large scales exceeding total energy in the inertial range, the kinetic energy spectrum, which is significantly shallower than ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 3/ 2} $, is shallower than its magnetic counterpart. This result suggests no energy equipartition. The total energy spectrum appears to depend on the energy composition of the turbulence but is clearly shallower than ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 3/ 2} $ for $r\approx 2$, even at moderate resolutions. Here $r\approx 2$ is the magnetic-to-kinetic energy ratio during the stage when the turbulence can be considered fully developed. The implication of the present findings is discussed in conjunction with further numerical results on the dependence of the energy dissipation rate on resolution.

scholarly journals Breaking-Down and Parameterising Wave Energy Converter Costs Using the CapEx and Similitude Methods

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Ophelie Choupin ◽  
Michael Henriksen ◽  
Amir Etemad-Shahidi ◽  
Rodger Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Cost Scaling ◽  
The Cost

Wave energy converters (WECs) can play a significant role in the transition towards a more renewable-based energy mix as stable and unlimited energy resources. Financial analysis of these projects requires WECs cost and WEC capital expenditure (CapEx) information. However, (i) cost information is often limited due to confidentiality and (ii) the wave energy field lacks flexible methods for cost breakdown and parameterisation, whereas they are needed for rapid and optimised WEC configuration and worldwide site pairing. This study takes advantage of the information provided by Wavepiston to compare different costing methods. The work assesses the Froude-Law-similarities-based “Similitude method” for cost-scaling and introduces the more flexible and generic “CapEx method” divided into three steps: (1) distinguishing WEC’s elements from the wave energy farm (WEF)’s; (2) defining the parameters characterising the WECs, WEFs, and site locations; and (3) estimating elements that affect WEC and WEF elements’ cost and translate them into factors using the parameters defined in step (2). After validation from Wavepiston manual estimations, the CapEx method showed that the factors could represent up to 30% of the cost. The Similitude method provided slight cost-overestimations compared to the CapEx method for low WEC up-scaling, increasing exponentially with the scaling.

Improvement of Structure of Traveling Wave Direct Energy Converter Simulator for Ion Flux with Wide Energy Spread

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (2T) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Omoya ◽  
L. C. Bai ◽  
H. Takeno ◽  
Y. Yasaka ◽  
Y. Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Ion Flux ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Wide Energy

A Traveling Wave Direct Energy Converter for D-3HE Fueled Fusion Reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (1T) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromu Momota ◽  
Yukihiro Tomita ◽  
Motoo Ishikawa ◽  
Yasuyoshi Yasaka
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Fusion Reactor ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy

scholarly journals Measurement of Heat Quantity in a Small Cusp-Type Direct Energy Converter for Divertor Thermal Load Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (0) ◽  
pp. 3405050-3405050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya NONDA ◽  
Hirotaka YAMADA ◽  
Yuki KITAHARA ◽  
Kazuya ICHIMURA ◽  
Satoshi NAKAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Heat Quantity ◽  
Small Cusp

scholarly journals Analytical Experiment of Time Evolution of Deceleration Effect in Traveling Wave Direct Energy Converter Using Dual-Frequency Modulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (0) ◽  
pp. 2405027-2405027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro SHIBATA ◽  
Hiroki SATO ◽  
Hiromasa TAKENO ◽  
Kazuya ICHIMURA ◽  
Satoshi NAKAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Evolution ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Direct Energy
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