scholarly journals Fuel and energy price forecasts: quantities and long-term marginal prices. Final report. Volume I

1977 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Price ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Marginal Prices

1 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Isostearyl Neopentanoate

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Cosmetic Formulation

Isostearyl Neopentanoate, the ester of Isostearyl Alcohol and Neopentanoic Acid, is used in cosmetic products as an emollient at concentrations up to 50 percent. The undiluted ingredient at doses up to 4 ml/kg was shown to be relatively non-toxic in short-and long-term feeding studies. Test data from animal and clinical studies indicate the undiluted ingredient is neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. A cosmetic formulation containing 16 percent Isostearyl Neopentanoate produced no phototoxicity and no photoallergenicity. Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity data were not available. Isostearyl Neopentanoate was not considered to be a significant comedogenic agent. On the basis of available data, it is concluded that this ingredient is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in its present practices of use.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Carbon Price Dynamic System

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Fan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Jiuli Yin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Carbon Market ◽  
Energy Price ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Government Control ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Price Dynamic

The carbon market is the least-cost tool to reduce carbon emissions. This study explores the evolution of the carbon price in the carbon market from a dynamic system perspective. A three-dimensional carbon price dynamic system is established to quantify the interactions among the carbon price, energy price, and economic growth. The system built in this study presents various dynamic characteristics including chaotic attractors and stable equilibria. Specifically, the existence of chaos in the system is verified by Lyapunov exponents spectrum and bifurcation diagram. In contrast, the system tends to be stable in the case of China after identifying the system parameters through the genetic algorithm. Furthermore, evolutionary trends of the carbon price are analyzed when the system parameters are perturbed. The results show that the carbon price is positively correlated with energy price as well as energy price policy. Besides, the level of the carbon price is negatively correlated with government control in the short term and positively correlated in the long term. This study can help analyze trends in the carbon price in the mid-term to long-term.

Adjuvant radiotherapy after lymphadenectomy in melanoma patients: Final results of an intergroup randomized trial (ANZMTG 0.1.02/TROG 02.01).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9001-9001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Henderson ◽  
Bryan Burmeister ◽  
Jill Ainslie ◽  
Richard Fisher ◽  
Julianna Di Iulio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Metastatic Node ◽  
Logrank Test ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Melanoma Patients

9001 Background: The role of adjuvant radiotherapy following lymphadenectomy in melanoma patients identified as at high risk for further recurrence has been controversial. This final report of a multicenter randomized trial updates survival and lymph node field (LNF) control, and reports long term treatment toxicity, lymphedema and quality of life (QOL) (Lancet Oncol 2012;13:589-97). Methods: Patients at high risk of LNF relapse (≥1 parotid, ≥2 cervical or axillary or ≥3 groin positive nodes; or extra-nodal spread of tumour; or minimum metastatic node diameter of 3cm (neck or axilla) or 4cm (groin)) received adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) (48Gy in 20 fractions) or observation (OBS). LNF relapse, as a 1st relapse, was the primary endpoint; morbidity, QOL, patterns of relapse, disease free and overall survival were secondary endpoints. A target sample size of 250 enabled detection of a difference in 3 year relapse rates of 30% and 15% to be detected (2-sided logrank test, power of 80%). Results: 250 patients from 16 centres were randomized from Mar 02 to Sept 07 (123 ART; 127 OBS) with 217 fully eligible (109 ART, 108 OBS). Mean follow-up 73 months (range 21–116). LNF recurrence was reduced in the ART arm (HR=0.52 (0.31- 0.88) p=0.023) but there was no difference in survival (HR=1.13 (0.82 – 1.55) p =0.21). QOL was assessed by comparison of area under the curve from baseline to 5 years (or recurrence) with the FACT-G tool using both total score and the 4 major domains (physical, social, emotional and functional wellbeing), no difference. Regional symptoms (standardised questionnaire) were higher in the ART arm (p=0.035). Limb volumes were higher in the ART arm (leg 7.3% difference p=0.014, arm 3.4% p=0.25). Grade 2-4 RT toxicity was common for head + neck: skin (33%); axilla: skin (44%), subcutaneous tissue (41%); Groin: skin (46%), subcutaneous tissue (67%), other (38%). Conclusions: RT reduced the risk of LNF relapse by 52% but there was no impact on survival. In the ART arm loco-regional symptoms were worse, limb volumes were somewhat increased and Grade 2 - 4 long term RT toxicity was relatively common. However QOL as assessed by a validated tool (FACT-G) was similar in both groups. Clinical trial information: NCT00287196.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Potential Sensitive Plant Species For Long-Term Monitoring in Glacier National Park

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Brian Mauer ◽  
Tara Williams
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Glacier National Park ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
History Data ◽  
Life History Data

Monitoring of the natural resources available in parks is necessary to allow the National Park Service to develop long term management strategies for preservation of those resources for future generations. To this end, personnel at Glacier National Park (GLAC) determined that it was necessary to identify populations of plant species that might serve as indicators of environmental change. Preliminary data on locations of populations of sensitive plants was obtained by the park from work done by Lesica (1984). However, basic life history data on these species bad not been collected and made available to park personnel in such a manner as to interface with existing park data bases. The acquisition of such data was seen as a necessary step in developing a baseline data base that park personnel could use to base future assessments of biological change within the park. The objective of the research described in this final report was to obtain basic life history data from the literature for 52 species of plant populations in GLAC judged to be rare or endangered, and hence potentially sensitive to changes-in the biological and environmental conditions in the park. To accomplish this objective, we used the list of rare plant species given by Lesica (1984; Table 1 of this report) with recent additions by the Montana Natural Heritage Program (1990) as the basis of a literature search to determine the basic life history attributes of each species. We used these data and the locations of populations of each species to document the spatial distribution of the different ecological groups represented by the rare flora of the park. This suggested that park personnel should focus on continued attempts to assess potential ecological changes in response to changes in the global climate induced by human activity. We suggest that the park take an active role in establishing permanent vegetation plots for monitoring changes in these sensitive plant populations. One such study (Lesica and McCune 1989) is already in progress.

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