scholarly journals Development of a unified transport approach for the assessment of power-plant impact. [Environmental impact of chemical, biological, radioactive, or thermal effluents from power plants]

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Akin ◽  
J.M. Barton ◽  
J.L. Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Effluents ◽  
Transport Approach

Status of and experience with NOx reduction in coal-fired power plants

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stöhr ◽  
H Schütz ◽  
H Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Small Power

Power plant operators in Germany, Europe and other countries are reducing flue gas NOx emissions of large and small power plants to meet air quality regulations for the population and the environment. Beginning with the environmental impact, the use of different techniques for NOx reduction and experience with these techniques is given.

scholarly journals Erőművek életciklus-elemzése a fajlagos anyagfelhasználás tükrében

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
Zoltán Korényi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
The Impact

Összefoglaló. A dolgozat témája a különböző erőműfajták életciklusra vonatkozó fajlagos anyagigényének a vizsgálata. Az elemzések a nemzetközi szakirodalmi források felhasználásával történtek. Módszere, a bázisadatok elemzése, majd az anyagigényeknek az erőmű beépített teljesítményére és az életciklus alatt megtermelt villamosenergiára vonatkoztatott fajlagos értékek meghatározása. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a nap- és szélerőművek elterjedésével a hagyományos erőművek által felhasznált fosszilis energiaforrások (pl. a szén) bent maradnak ugyan a földben, de cserébe az új technológia legyártásához a hagyományos anyagokból (beton, acél, alumínium, réz stb.) fajlagosan jóval nagyobb mennyiségekre lesz szükség. Emellett megnő a ritkán előforduló fémek (gallium, indium stb.) felhasználása, ami Európában, a lelőhelyek hiányában, új kockázatokkal jár. Summary. The topic of the study is to determine the material use of different power plant types. This is a part of the known life cycle analysis (LCA). The aim of LCA is to determine the impact of human activity on nature. The procedure is described in the standards (ISO 14040/41/42/42). Under environmental impact we mean changes in our natural environment, air, water, soil pollution, noise and impacts on human health. In the LCA, the environmental impact begins with the opening of the mine, continues with the extraction and processing of raw materials, and then with the production of equipment, construction and installation of the power plant. This is followed by the commissioning and then operation of the power plants for 20-60 years, including maintenance. The cycle ends with demolition, which is followed by recycling of materials. The remaining waste is disposed of. This is the complex content of life cycle analysis. Its purpose is to determine the ecological footprint of man. The method of the present study is to isolate a limited area from the complex LCA process. This means determining the amount of material needed to build different power plants, excluding mining and processing of raw materials. Commercially available basic materials are built into the power plant’s components. The research is based on the literature available in the international area. The author studied these sources, analysed the data, and checked the authenticity. It was not easy because the sources from different times, for different power plants showed a lot of uncertainty. In overcoming the uncertainties, it was a help that the author has decades of experience in the realisation of power plants. It was considered the material consumption related to the installed electricity capacity of the power plant (tons/MW) as basic data. The author then determined the specific material consumptions, allocated to the electric energy generated during the lifetime, in different power plants. The calculation is carried out with the help of the usual annual peak load duration hours and the usual lifetime of the power plants. The results show that with the spread of solar and wind energy, the fossil energy sources previously needed for conventional power plants will remain inside the Earth, but in exchange for the production of new technological equipment from traditional structural materials (concrete, steel, aluminium, copper and plastic), the special need multiplies. If we compare the power plants using renewable energy with the electric energy produced during the life cycle of a nuclear power plant, the specific installed material requirement of a river hydropower plant is 37 times, that of an onshore wind farm it is 9.6 times, and that of an outdoor solar power park is 6.6 times higher. Another important difference is that wind turbines, solar panels and batteries also require rare materials that do not occur in Europe (e.g. gallium, indium, yttrium, neodymium, cobalt, etc.). This can lead to security risks in Europe in the long run.

Discussion About Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment in China’s Nuclear Power Plant Project

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Current Status

Public participation systems in environmental impact assessment started late in our country. Relevant laws, regulations, and work protocols need to be further improved. In this study, extensive research was conducted on the public participation systems in the environmental impact assessment of foreign nuclear power plants. Analyze the current status of our public participation systems were drawn from legal aspect and the aspect of implementation. Together with case analysis, main problems of public participation systems in environmental impact assessment of China’s nuclear power plant were summarized from this study: (1) delayed information disclosure; (2) the scope of public participation need to be widened; (3) interactive platforms are required for convenient and efficient public participations instead of a single participation approach; (4) timely response to the platforms and more supervision over the participation systems are desired. Solutions to each problem are proposed to help develop relative regulations and the implementation of these regulations.

scholarly journals Applying the life cycle assessment method to an analysis of the environmental impact of heat generation

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1275-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dzikuć
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Coal Power Plants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to determine the impact of the heat produced on the environment. In addition, the usefulness of this method to assess the energy sector has been shown. This paper presents the impact of heat generation on the environment in coal power plants. A detailed analysis by the method of LCA is made to compare the environmental impact of heat generation in the Legnica Power Plant and Polkowice Power Plant. It is pointed to the difference in the results obtained. Moreover, the causes of the reported environmental impacts are discussed. Measures are identified which will help to reduce in the future the impact of the electricity produced on the environment during the production of heat.

Fuzzy multi-objective decision making approach for nuclear power plant installation

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6339-6350
Author(s):  
Esra Çakır ◽  
Ziya Ulukan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Multi Objective

Due to the increase in energy demand, many countries suffer from energy poverty because of insufficient and expensive energy supply. Plans to use alternative power like nuclear power for electricity generation are being revived among developing countries. Decisions for installation of power plants need to be based on careful assessment of future energy supply and demand, economic and financial implications and requirements for technology transfer. Since the problem involves many vague parameters, a fuzzy model should be an appropriate approach for dealing with this problem. This study develops a Fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming (FMOLP) model for solving the nuclear power plant installation problem in fuzzy environment. FMOLP approach is recommended for cases where the objective functions are imprecise and can only be stated within a certain threshold level. The proposed model attempts to minimize total duration time, total cost and maximize the total crash time of the installation project. By using FMOLP, the weighted additive technique can also be applied in order to transform the model into Fuzzy Multiple Weighted-Objective Linear Programming (FMWOLP) to control the objective values such that all decision makers target on each criterion can be met. The optimum solution with the achievement level for both of the models (FMOLP and FMWOLP) are compared with each other. FMWOLP results in better performance as the overall degree of satisfaction depends on the weight given to the objective functions. A numerical example demonstrates the feasibility of applying the proposed models to nuclear power plant installation problem.

Human reliability in non-destructive inspections of nuclear power plant components: modeling and analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanderley Vasconcelos ◽  
Wellington Antonio Soares ◽  
Raissa Oliveira Marques ◽  
Silvério Ferreira Silva Jr ◽  
Amanda Laureano Raso
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Human Reliability ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Plant Components

Non-destructive inspection (NDI) is one of the key elements in ensuring quality of engineering systems and their safe use. This inspection is a very complex task, during which the inspectors have to rely on their sensory, perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills. It requires high vigilance once it is often carried out on large components, over a long period of time, and in hostile environments and restriction of workplace. A successful NDI requires careful planning, choice of appropriate NDI methods and inspection procedures, as well as qualified and trained inspection personnel. A failure of NDI to detect critical defects in safety-related components of nuclear power plants, for instance, may lead to catastrophic consequences for workers, public and environment. Therefore, ensuring that NDI is reliable and capable of detecting all critical defects is of utmost importance. Despite increased use of automation in NDI, human inspectors, and thus human factors, still play an important role in NDI reliability. Human reliability is the probability of humans conducting specific tasks with satisfactory performance. Many techniques are suitable for modeling and analyzing human reliability in NDI of nuclear power plant components, such as FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) and THERP (Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction). An example by using qualitative and quantitative assessesments with these two techniques to improve typical NDI of pipe segments of a core cooling system of a nuclear power plant, through acting on human factors issues, is presented.

Nonlinear Trend Analysis of Mill Fan System Vibrations for Predictive Maintenance and Diagnostics

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Mincho B. Hadjiski ◽  
Lyubka A. Doukovska ◽  
Stefan L. Kojnov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Nonlinear Trend ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given

Abstract Present paper considers nonlinear trend analysis for diagnostics and predictive maintenance. The subject is a device from Maritsa East 2 thermal power plant a mill fan. The choice of the given power plant is not occasional. This is the largest thermal power plant on the Balkan Peninsula. Mill fans are main part of the fuel preparation in the coal fired power plants. The possibility to predict eventual damages or wear out without switching off the device is significant for providing faultless and reliable work avoiding the losses caused by planned maintenance. This paper addresses the needs of the Maritsa East 2 Complex aiming to improve the ecological parameters of the electro energy production process.

Features of antibodies against benzo[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Ye. G. Polenok ◽  
S. A. Mun ◽  
L. A. Gordeeva ◽  
A. A. Glushkov ◽  
M. V. Kostyanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Immune Reactions

Introduction.Coal dust and coal fi ring products contain large amounts of carcinogenic chemicals (specifically benz[a]pyrene) that are different in influence on workers of coal mines and thermal power plants. Specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene therefore in these categories of workers can have specific features.Objective.To reveal features of antibodies specifi c to benz[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants.Materials and methods.The study covered A and G class antibodies against benz[a]pyrene (IgA-Bp and IgG-Bp) in serum of 705 males: 213 donors of Kemerovo blood transfusion center (group 1, reference); 293 miners(group 2) and 199 thermal power plant workers (group 3). Benz[a]pyrene conjugate with bovine serum albumin as an adsorbed antigen was subjected to immune-enzyme assay.Results.IgA-Bp levels in the miners (Me = 2.7) did not differ from those in the reference group (Me = 2.9), but in the thermal power plant workers (Me = 3.7) were reliably higher than those in healthy men and in the miners (p<0.0001). Levels of IgG-Bp in the miners (Me = 5.0) appeared to be lower than those in the reference group (Me = 6.4; (p = 0.05). IgG-Bb level in the thermal power plantworkers (Me = 7.4) exceeded the parameters in the healthy donors and the miners (p<0.0001). Non-industrial factors (age and smoking) appeared tohave no influence on specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers.Conclusions.Specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers are characterized by peculiarities: the miners demonstrate lower levels of class A serum antibodies to benz[a]pyrene; the thermal power plant workers present increased serum levels of class G antibodies to benz[a]pyrene. These peculiarities result from only the occupational features, but do not depend on such factors as age, smoking and length of service at hazardous production. It is expedient to study specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants, to evaluate individual oncologic risk and if malignancies occur.

Reliability Index of Wind-Solar Hybrid Power Plants using the Expected Energy Not Supplied Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9449-9456
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant

This paper proposes the reliability index of wind-solar hybrid power plants using the expected energy not supplied method. The location of this research is wind-solar hybrid power plants Pantai Baru, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The method to determine the reliability of the power plant is the expected energy not supplied (EENS) method. This analysis used hybrid plant operational data in 2018. The results of the analysis have been done on the Pantai Baru hybrid power plant about reliability for electric power systems with EENS. The results of this study can be concluded that based on the load duration curve, loads have a load more than the operating kW of the system that is 99 kW. In contrast, the total power contained in the Pantai Baru hybrid power plant is 90 kW. This fact makes the system forced to release the load. The reliability index of the power system in the initial conditions, it produces an EENS value in 2018, resulting in a total value of 2,512% or 449 kW. The EENS value still does not meet the standards set by the National Electricity Market (NEM), which is <0.002% per year. Based on this data, it can be said that the reliability of the New Coast hybrid power generation system in 2018 is in the unreliable category.

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