scholarly journals Hydrogeologic settings of A/M Area: Framework for groundwater transport: Book 6, Appendix B, Time/concentration graphs A/M Area monitoring wells

10.2172/69350 ◽  
1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Van Pelt ◽  
S Lewis ◽  
R Aadand
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Transport ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Concentration Graphs ◽  
Area Monitoring

Using groundwater levels and Specific Yield to Estimate the Recharge, South of Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Sherwan Sh. Qurtas
Keyword(s):  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Water Table Fluctuation Method ◽  
Recharge Estimation ◽  
Fluctuation Method

Recharge estimation accurately is crucial to proper groundwater resource management, for the groundwater is dynamic and replenished natural resource. Usually recharge estimation depends on the; the water balance, water levels, and precipitation. This paper is studying the south-middle part of Erbil basin, with the majority of Quaternary sediments, the unconfined aquifer system is dominant, and the unsaturated zone is ranging from 15 to 50 meters, which groundwater levels response is moderate. The purpose of this study is quantification the natural recharge from precipitation. The water table fluctuation method is applied; using groundwater levels data of selected monitoring wells, neighboring meteorological station of the wells, and the specific yield of the aquifers. This method is widely used for its simplicity, scientific, realistic, and direct measurement. The accuracy depends on the how much the determination of specific yield is accurate, accuracy of the data, and the extrapolations of recession of groundwater levels curves of no rain periods. The normal annual precipitation there is 420 mm, the average recharge is 89 mm, and the average specific yield is around 0.03. The data of one water year of 2009 and 2010 has taken for some technical and accuracy reasons.

A Stationary Packer System for Layerwise Groundwater Sampling in Monitoring Wells – Technique and Results

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 545-553
Author(s):  
M. Rödelsperger ◽  
U. Rohmann ◽  
F. Frimmel
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Groundwater Sampling ◽  
Groundwater Samples

A sampling device was designed as a stationary equipment for deep monitoring wells in order to obtain representative groundwater samples from different layers of the aquifer. The device consists of several packer units which can be combined at variable distances, allowing adaption to the local conditions of the aquifer and of the well. The pumps are situated below the groundwater table. Each of the drawing tubes ends between two packers at the concerning depth. Experimental results demonstrate the importance of the application of a stationary packer system instead of a mobile doublepacker in deep aquifers of inhomogeneous structure. Examples of concentration profiles obtained from layerwise groundwater sampling are given and a technique for selective groundwater discharge is described.

scholarly journals Model-Based Analysis of the Link between Groundwater Table Rising and the Formation of Solute Plumes in a Shallow Stratified Aquifer

Pollutants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-86
Author(s):  
Simone Varisco ◽  
Giovanni Pietro Beretta ◽  
Luca Raffaelli ◽  
Paola Raimondi ◽  
Daniele Pedretti
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Contaminant Sources ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
T System

Groundwater table rising (GTR) represents a well-known issue that affects several urban and agricultural areas of the world. This work addresses the link between GTR and the formation of solute plumes from contaminant sources that are located in the vadose zone, and that water table rising may help mobilize with time. A case study is analyzed in the stratified pyroclastic-alluvial aquifer near Naples (Italy), which is notoriously affected by GTR. A dismissed chemical factory generated a solute plume, which was hydraulically confined by a pump-and-treat (P&T) system. Since 2011, aqueous concentrations of 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1-DCE) have been found to exceed regulatory maximum concentration levels in monitoring wells. It has been hypothesized that a 1,1-DCE source may occur as buried waste that has been flushed with time under GTR. To elucidate this hypothesis and reoptimize the P&T system, flow and transport numerical modeling analysis was developed using site-specific data. The results indicated that the formulated hypothesis is indeed plausible. The model shows that water table peaks were reached in 2011 and 2017, which agree with the 1,1-DCE concentration peaks observed in the site. The model was also able to capture the simultaneous decrease in the water table levels and concentrations between 2011 and 2014. Scenario-based analysis suggests that lowering the water table below the elevation of the hypothesized source is potentially a cost-effective strategy to reschedule the pumping rates of the P&T system.

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