scholarly journals Breckinridge Project, initial effort. Report IX. Operating cost estimate

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Not Given Author
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Initial Effort

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PEMOTONG RUMPUT TENAGA SURYA UNTUK NAVIGASI

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
John Ohoiwutun
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Kinematics And Dynamics ◽  
Control Input ◽  
High Speed Cutting ◽  
Lawn Mower ◽  
Coal Fuel

Utilization of conventional energy sources such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas and others on the one hand has a low operating cost, but on the other side of the barriers is the greater source of diminishing returns and, more importantly, the emergence of environmental pollution problems dangerous to human life. This study aims to formulate the kinematics and dynamics to determine the movement of Solar Power Mower. In this study, using solar power as an energy source to charge the battery which then runs the robot. Design and research was conducted in the Department of Mechanical Workshop Faculty of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin of Gowa. Control system used is a manual system using radio wave transmitter and receiver which in turn drive the robot in the direction intended. Experimental results showed that treatment with three variations of the speed of 6.63 m / s, 8.84 m / s and 15.89 m / sec then obtained the best results occur in grass cutting 15.89 sec and high-speed cutting grass 5 cm. Formulation of kinematics and dynamics for lawn mowers, there are 2 control input variables, x and y ̇ ̇ 3 to control the output variables x, y and θ so that there is one variable redudant. Keywords: mobile robots, lawn mower, solar power

Aspects of Cost-Estimate for Construction Work in Listed Buildings

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (-1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Jacek Zabielski ◽  
Piotr Bogacz
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Construction Work

Pembuatan Pilot Project Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Rambut Palsu dengan Sistem Lumpur Aktif

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Sri Moertinah ◽  
Misbachul Moenir
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Microbial Adaptation ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Electricity Costs

This study aims to create a pilot project for wastewater treatment wig industry with biological activated sludge technology to applied in the industry. Design criteria for the pilot project are the influent COD ≤ 900 mg/l, MLSS = 3,000 mg/l, 30-hours residence time. DO ≥ 2 mg/l and flow 10 m3/day. Implementation of a pilot project initiated by seeding aerobic microbes and microbial adaptation to proceed with wastewater to be treated. The trial results showed that the pilot project % COD reduction ranged from 73.2% - 91% and the result is not much different from the results of laboratory-scale research about 89.7% and the quality  of the effluent is already fullfill the standard of industrial waste water wig required by the Central Java Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2012. The calculation of operating cost of activated sludge biological treatment which includes labor costs, electricity costs, equipment maintenance costs, expenses and other nutrients obtained the price of  Rp. 2972/m3 or Rp. 742.99/wig.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat pilot project pengolahan air limbah industri rambut palsu dengan sistem lumpur aktif yang diterapkan di industri. Kriteria desain pilot project tersebut adalah COD influen ≤ 900 mg/l, MLSS = 3.000 mg/l, waktu tinggal 30 jam DO≥2 mg/l  dan debit air limbah 10 m3/hari. Pelaksanaan pilot project dimulai dengan seeding mikroba aerob dan dilanjutkan dengan adaptasi mikroba dengan air limbah yang akan diolah. Hasil uji coba pilot project menunjukkan bahwa % penurunan COD berkisar antara 73,2% - 91% dan hasil ini tidak berbeda jauh dengan hasil penelitian skala laboratorium sekitar 89,7% dan kualitas air limbah hasil pengolahan sudah memenuhi baku mutu air limbah industri rambut palsu yang dipersyaratkan oleh Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah No 5 tahun 2012. Dari hasil perhitungan biaya operasional pengolahan biologis lumpur aktif yang meliputi biaya tenaga kerja, biaya listrik, biaya perawatan peralatan, biaya nutrien dan lainnya diperoleh harga sebesar Rp. 2972/m3  atau Rp. 742,99/wig.   Kata kunci : air limbah industri rambut palsu, pilot project, sistem lumpur aktif

Increasing revenue and reducing cost through the use of advanced process control technology in the sugar industry

2016 ◽  
pp. 620-624
Author(s):  
Scott Kahre
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Advanced Process Control ◽  
Output Controller ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Sugar Unit ◽  
Optimum Cost

Advanced process control technology can provide sugar processors the ability to realize major revenue enhancements and/or operating cost reductions with low initial investment. One technology in particular, model predictive control (MPC), holds the potential to increase production, reduce energy costs, and reduce quality variability in a wide variety of major sugar unit operations. These include centrifugal stations, pulp dryers, extractors, diffusers, mills, evaporating crystallizers, juice purification, and more. Simple payback periods as low as two months are projected. As a PC-based add-on to existing distributed control systems (DCS) or programmable logic controller (PLC) systems, MPC acts as a multi-input, multi-output controller, utilizing predictive process response models and optimization functions to control complex processes to their optimum cost and quality constraints.

Logistic Vehicle System Replacement Cost Estimate

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Stinson ◽  
Dawn Garmenn ◽  
Chris Harris
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Replacement Cost ◽  
Vehicle System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document