scholarly journals Role of temperate forest heterogeneity in determining the population ecology of Peromyscus leucopus

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ormiston
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Forest Heterogeneity

scholarly journals Back to Roots: The Role of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Boreal and Temperate Forest Restoration

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahuel Policelli ◽  
Thomas R. Horton ◽  
Aimée T. Hudon ◽  
Taylor R. Patterson ◽  
Jennifer M. Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Temperate Forest

Advancing Terrestrial Salamander Population Ecology: The Central Role of Imperfect Detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. O'Donnell ◽  
Raymond D. Semlitsch
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Imperfect Detection

scholarly journals Contribution of fine tree roots to the silicon cycle in a temperate forest ecosystem developed on three soil types

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2231-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Turpault ◽  
Christophe Calvaruso ◽  
Gil Kirchen ◽  
Paul-Olivier Redon ◽  
Carine Cochet
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Root Decomposition ◽  
Soil Layers

Abstract. The role of forest vegetation in the silicon (Si) cycle has been widely examined. However, to date, little is known about the specific role of fine roots. The main objective of our study was to assess the influence of fine roots on the Si cycle in a temperate forest in north-eastern France. Silicon pools and fluxes in vegetal solid and solution phases were quantified within each ecosystem compartment, i.e. in the atmosphere, above-ground and below-ground tree tissues, forest floor and different soil layers, on three plots, each with different soil types, i.e. Dystric Cambisol (DC), Eutric Cambisol (EC) and Rendzic Leptosol (RL). In this study, we took advantage of a natural soil gradient, from shallow calcic soil to deep moderately acidic soil, with similar climates, atmospheric depositions, species compositions and management. Soil solutions were measured monthly for 4 years to study the seasonal dynamics of Si fluxes. A budget of dissolved Si (DSi) was also determined for the forest floor and soil layers. Our study highlighted the major role of fine roots in the Si cycle in forest ecosystems for all soil types. Due to the abundance of fine roots mainly in the superficial soil layers, their high Si concentration (equivalent to that of leaves and 2 orders higher than that of coarse roots) and their rapid turnover rate (approximately 1 year), the mean annual Si fluxes in fine roots in the three plots were 68 and 110 kgha-1yr-1 for the RL and the DC, respectively. The turnover rates of fine roots and leaves were approximately 71 and 28 % of the total Si taken up by trees each year, demonstrating the importance of biological recycling in the Si cycle in forests. Less than 1 % of the Si taken up by trees each year accumulated in the perennial tissues. This study also demonstrated the influence of soil type on the concentration of Si in the annual tissues and therefore on the Si fluxes in forests. The concentrations of Si in leaves and fine roots were approximately 1.5–2.0 times higher in the Si-rich DC compared to the Si-poor RL. In terms of the DSi budget, DSi production was large in the three plots in the forest floor (9.9 to 12.7 kgha-1yr-1), as well as in the superficial soil layer (5.3 to 14.5 kgha-1yr-1), and decreased with soil depth. An immobilization of DSi was even observed at 90 cm depth in plot DC (−1.7 kgha-1yr-1). The amount of Si leached from the soil profile was relatively low compared to the annual uptake by trees (13 % in plot DC to 29 % in plot RL). The monthly measurements demonstrated that the seasonal dynamics of the DSi budget were mainly linked to biological activity. Notably, the peak of dissolved Si production in the superficial soil layer occurred during winter and probably resulted from fine-root decomposition. Our study reveals that biological processes, particularly those involving fine roots, play a predominant role in the Si cycle in temperate forest ecosystems, while the geochemical processes appear to be limited.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus Stal (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in tobacco culture

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (4b) ◽  
pp. 819-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. JAHNKE ◽  
L. R. REDAELLI ◽  
L. M. G. DIEFENBACH
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Individual Number ◽  
Mark Release Recapture ◽  
Culture Cycle ◽  
The Individual

The role of predators influencing populations of insects considered as pests is extremely important for agroecosystems. The population ecology of Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus, a predatory reduvid associated with the tobacco culture was investigated aiming to study the population dynamics of adults, along the culture cycle. In an experimental plot of approximately 300 m², in Porto Alegre (30°0'S; 51°13'W), RS, Brazil, 270 tobacco plants were grown; each plant identified by alphanumeric coordinates. Using the mark-release-recapture method, daily samplings were done from August to December 1999, and three times a week from this date until April 2000. The adults were captured by hand, marked, sexed and released on the same plant they were captured. The individual number and plant coordinate were registered. Population estimates were analyzed by the Fisher-Ford method. In 107 sampling occasions, 604 individuals were marked, 273 males and 331 females. Three generations of C. nigroannulatus were registered during the culture cycle. The colonizing generation was represented by 14 males and 15 females (a sex ratio of 0.48), the first by 109 males and 137 females (0.44) and the second by 150 males and 179 females (0.46). The estimated daily survival rate varied between generations decreasing from 98% in the colonizing generation to 87% in the second. The observed longevity or permanence time in the experimental area varied significantly among generations, being at about 40 days in the colonizing generation, 13 days in the first and 5 days in the second. It was observed that as the population increases, the survival and/or permanence time in the area decreases, suggesting a relation between this and a decline in the available resources probably with an associated increase in intra-specific competition.

Role of Seed Reproduction in the Population Ecology of Sorghum halepense in Maize Crops

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana L. Scopel ◽  
C. L. Ballare ◽  
C. M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Seed Reproduction

Lability of C in temperate forest soils: Assessing the role of nitrogen addition and tree species composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Rodriguez ◽  
Gary M. Lovett ◽  
Kathleen C. Weathers ◽  
Mary A. Arthur ◽  
Pamela H. Templer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Temperate Forest Soils

scholarly journals Silicon cycle in a temperate forest ecosystem: role of fine roots and litterfall recycling and influence of soil types

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Turpault ◽  
Christophe Calvaruso ◽  
Gil Kirchen ◽  
Paul-Olivier Redon ◽  
Carine Cochet
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Root Decomposition ◽  
Soil Horizons

Abstract. The role of forest vegetation in the silicon (Si) cycle has been widely examined. However, to date, no study has investigated the specific role of fine roots. The main objectives of our study were to assess the influence of fine roots as well as the impact of soil properties on the Si cycle in a temperate forest in northeastern France. Silicon pools and fluxes in solid and solution phases were quantified within each ecosystem compartment, i.e., the atmosphere, aboveground and belowground tree tissues, forest floor, and different soil horizons, on three plots, each with different soil types, i.e., Dystric Cambisol (plot S1), Eutric Cambisol (plot S2), and Rendzic Leptosol (plot S3). In this study, we took advantage of a natural soil gradient, from shallow calcic soil to deep moderately acidic soil, with similar climates, atmospheric depositions, species composition and management. Soil solutions were measured monthly for four years to study the seasonal dynamics of Si fluxes. A budget of dissolved Si was also determined for the forest floor and soil layers. Our study highlighted the major role of fine roots in the Si cycle in forest ecosystems for all soil types. Because of the abundance of fine roots mainly in the superficial soil horizons, their high Si concentration (equivalent to that of leaves and two orders higher than that of coarse roots) and their rapid turnover rate (approximately one year), the mean annual Si fluxes in fine roots in the three plots ranged from 68 to 110 kg ha−1 y−1 for the Rendzic Leptosol and the Dystric Cambisol, respectively. The turnover of fine roots and leaves was approximately 71 % and 28 % of the total Si taken up by trees each year, respectively, demonstrating the importance of biological recycling in the Si cycle in forests. Less than 1 % of the Si taken up by trees each year accumulated in the perennial tissues. This study also demonstrated the influence of soil type on the concentration of Si in the annual tissues and therefore on the Si fluxes in forests. The concentrations of Si in leaves and fine roots were approximately 1.5–2.0 times higher in the Si-rich Dystric Cambisol compared to the Si poor Rendzic Leptosol. In terms of the dissolved Si budget, there were large amounts of dissolved Si in the three plots on the forest floor (9.9 to 12.7 kg ha−1 y−1) and in the superficial soil horizon (5.3 to 14.5 kg ha−1 y−1), and Si decreased with depth in plot S1 (1.7 kg ha−1 y−1). The amount of Si leached from the soil profile was relatively low compared to the annual uptake by trees (13 % in plot S1 to 29 % in plot S3). The monthly measurements demonstrated that the seasonal dynamics of the dissolved Si budget were mainly linked to biological activity. Notably, the peak of dissolved Si production in the superficial soil horizon was during the winter and probably resulted from fine root decomposition. Our study reveals that biological processes, particularly those of fine roots, play a predominant role in the Si cycle in temperate forest ecosystems, while the geochemical processes appear to be limited.

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