scholarly journals Economic analysis of wind-powered farmhouse and farm building heating systems. Final report

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Stafford ◽  
F.J. Greeb ◽  
M.F. Smith ◽  
C. Des Chenes ◽  
N.L. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Heating Systems

scholarly journals Technology Pathways and Economic Analysis for Transforming High Temperature to Low Temperature District Heating Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3218
Author(s):  
Pedro Durán ◽  
Herena Torio ◽  
Patrik Schönfeldt ◽  
Peter Klement ◽  
Benedikt Hanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

There are 1454 district heating systems in Germany. Most of them are fossil based and with high temperature levels, which is neither efficient nor sustainable and needs to be changed for reaching the 2050 climate goals. In this paper, we present a case study for transforming a high to low temperature district heating system which is more suitable for renewable energy supply. With the Carnot Toolbox, a dynamic model of a potential district heating system is simulated and then transformed to a low temperature supply. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to see the system performance in case space constrains restrict the transformation. Finally, an economic comparison is performed. Results show that it is technically possible to perform the transformation until a very low temperature system. The use of decentralized renewable sources, decentralized heat storage tanks and the placement of a heat pump on each building are the key points to achieve the transformation. Regarding the sensitivity analysis, the transformation is worth doing until the seasonal storage and solar collector field sizes are reduced to 60% and 80% of their values in the reference case, respectively. The economic analysis shows, however, that it is hard for highly efficient low temperature renewable based heat networks to compete with district heating systems based on a centralized fossile CHP solution. Thus, though the presented transformation is technically possible, there is a strong need to change existing economic schemes and policies for fostering a stronger promotion of renewable energy policies in the heat sector.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar Water Heating Systems inTurkey

Sensors ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1252-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Ertekin ◽  
Recep Kulcu ◽  
Fatih Evrendilek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water

Economic analysis of the renovation of small-scale district heating systems—4 Lithuanian case studies

Energy Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 2569-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.F. Dzenajavičienė ◽  
V. Kveselis ◽  
C. McNaught ◽  
M. Tamonis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems
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