scholarly journals Summary of seasonal thermal energy storage field test projects in the United States

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.K. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
The United States

Potential of Utilizing Thermal Energy Storage Integrated Ground Source Heat Pump System to Reshape Electricity Demand in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-54
Author(s):  
Liang Shi ◽  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Ming Qu ◽  
Guodong Liu ◽  
Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Maximum Penetration

Abstract More than 20% of electricity generated in the United States each year is consumed for meeting the thermal demands (e.g., space cooling, space heating, and water heating) in residential and commercial buildings. Integrating thermal energy storage (TES) with building's HVAC systems has the potential to reshape the electric load profile of the building and mitigate the mismatch between the renewable generation and the demand of buildings. A novel ground source heat pump (GSHP) system integrated with underground thermal energy storage (UTES) has been proposed to level the electric demand of buildings while still satisfying their thermal demands. This study assessed the potential impacts of the proposed system with a bottom-up approach. The impacts on the electricity demand in various electricity markets were quantified. The results show that, within the capacity of the existing electric grids, the maximum penetration rate of the proposed system in different wholesale markets could range from 51% to 100%. Overall, about 46 million single-family detached houses can be retrofitted into the proposed system without increasing the annual peak demand of the corresponding markets. By implementing the proposed system at its maximum penetration rate, the grid-level summer peak demand can be reduced by 9.1% to 18.2%. Meanwhile, the annual electricity consumption would change by −12 % to 2%. The nationwide total electricity consumption would be reduced by 9%.

Thermal Energy Storage Development for Solar Electrical Power and Process Heat Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Radosevich ◽  
C. E. Wyman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Process Heat ◽  
Storage Technologies

Development of thermal energy storage technologies for solar thermal systems has been conducted since the mid-1970s. This paper presents an overview of past and present experimental activities for electrical power and process heat applications both within and outside the United States. The factors affecting the selection of a storage technology for these applications, as well as the nature of those applications, are discussed. Future research needs are also described.

Technical Challenges and Opportunities for Concentrating Solar Power With Thermal Energy Storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Stekli ◽  
Levi Irwin ◽  
Ranga Pitchumani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power

Concentrating solar power (CSP) provides the ability to incorporate simple, efficient, and cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES) by virtue of converting sunlight to heat as an intermediate step to generating electricity. Thermal energy storage for use in CSP systems can be one of sensible heat storage, latent heat storage using phase change materials (PCMs) or thermochemical storage. Commercially deployed CSP TES systems have been achieved in recent years, with two-tank TES using molten salt as a storage medium and steam accumulators being the system configurations deployed to date. Sensible energy thermocline systems and PCM systems have been deployed on a pilot-scale level and considerable research effort continues to be funded, by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) and others, in developing TES systems utilizing any one of the three categories of TES. This paper discusses technoeconomic challenges associated with the various TES technologies and opportunities for advancing the scientific knowledge relating to the critical questions still remaining for each technology.

Recent Developments in the Design of Vertical Borehole Ground Heat Exchangers for Cost Reduction and Thermal Energy Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Jeffrey D. Spitler ◽  
Ming Qu ◽  
Liang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Ground Heat Exchangers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Vertical Borehole

Abstract Ground source (geothermal) heat pumps (GSHPs) can meet the thermal demands of buildings in an energy-efficient manner. The current high installation costs and long payback period limit the attractiveness of GSHP installation in the United States. Vertical borehole ground heat exchangers (VBGHEs), which are commonly used in GSHP systems, contribute most to the cost premium of GSHPs. Reducing the cost of VBGHEs could help increase market penetration of GSHP systems. This paper reviews recent developments for VBGHEs, including improvements in borehole heat transfer and borehole field layout, integration with thermal energy storage, and new design tools. Improvements in the borehole design and materials are more likely to be justified when the ground has high thermal conductivity. Integrating thermal energy storage can provide additional value to the GSHP system, especially when flexible electric demand at buildings becomes more valuable. Advanced design tools for VBGHEs that account for the thermal response of irregularly shaped borehole fields and that are more closely integrated with whole-building energy simulation programs may facilitate more innovations and optimization of GSHP system designs.

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