Commercial LMFBR steam generator design comparison. Final report for period from 1 October 1977 through 30 September 1978

The introduction of closed cycle gas turbines with their capability of retaining combustion generated CO2 can offer a valuable contribution to the Kyoto goal and to future power generation. Therefore, research and development at Graz University of Technology has lead to the GRAZ CYCLE, a zero emission power cycle of highest efficiency. The GRAZ CYCLE is still on a theoretical level, first tests with the turbo-machinery equipment were performed. In the GRAZ CYCLE fossil fuels are burned with pure oxygen which enables a cost-effective separation of the combustion generated CO2 by condensation. Cycle efficiencies as high as 63% can be reached. Taking the efforts for the oxygen supply into account the efficiency is reduced to 55% [1]. This work presents a further step towards a GRAZ CYCLE prototype plant, with special emphasis on the layout and design of the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The hot exhaust gas of the turbine consists mainly of CO2 and H2O. This exhaust gas causes higher demands on the HRSG. A faster corrosion of the heat exchangers and the recirculation of the cycle fluid have to be considered. Based on the design of conventional HRSGs, the necessary adaptations are discussed and economically evaluated.

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Russian and foreign steam generators for NPP power units with wet steam turbines

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017801007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 178 ◽

pp. 01007

Author(s):

Mikle Egorov ◽

Ivan Kasatkin ◽

Ivan Kovalenko ◽

Irina Krectunova ◽

Nataliya Lavrovskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steam Generator ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

Heating Surface ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Absorption Efficiency ◽

Steam Turbines ◽

Steam Generators ◽

Horizontal Type ◽

Generator Design

The main aim of the current study is to analyze advantages and shortcomings of horizontal and vertical types of steam generator design. Design solutions and experience of operation of steam generators of horizontal type accepted in Russia and of vertical type applied by Westinghouse, Combustion Engineering, Siemens, Mitsubishi, Doosan were analyzed within the framework of the present study. It was established that steam generator equipment of horizontal type is characterized by disadvantages of design, technological and operational nature. Thus, horizontal steam generators with dimensions permissible for railroad transportation and, for VVER-1200 with reactor vessel diameter equal to 5 m, by water transport as well, have exhausted the possibilities for further significant increase of the per unit electric power. The demonstrated advantages of vertical-type steam generators are as follows: 1) absence of stagnant zones within the second cooling circuit; 2) uniformity of heat absorption efficiency of the heating surface that ensures improved conditions for moisture separation; 3) increased temperature drop with parameters of generated steam elevated by 0.3 – 0.4 MPa. Conclusion was made on the advisability of introduction of steam generators with vertical-type layout in the Russian nuclear power generation.

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