scholarly journals Studies of brine chemistry, precipitation of solids, and scale formation at the Salton Sea geothermal field

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Harrar ◽  
C.H. Jr. Otto ◽  
S.B. Deutscher ◽  
R.W. Ryon ◽  
G.E. Tardiff
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Brine Chemistry

ON SHALLOW‐HOLE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS—A TEST STUDY IN THE SALTON SEA GEOTHERMAL FIELD

Geophysics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien‐Chang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Average Value

Shallow‐hole (<13 m) temperature measurements made at various depths and/or times may yield reliable values of geothermal gradient and thermal diffusivity if the groundwater table is shallow (a few meters) such that the effect of time‐dependent moisture content and physical properties is negligible. Two numerical methods based on nonlinear least‐squares curve fitting are derived to remove the effect of annual temperature wave at the ground surface. One method can provide information on the gradient and diffusivity as a function of depth while the other gives average value over the depth interval measured. Experiments were carried in six test holes cased with 2 cm OD PVC pipes in the Salton Sea geothermal field. A set of 5 to 7 thermistors was permanently buried inside the individual pipes with dry sand. Consistent gradient determinations have been obtained with both numerical methods from six monthly observations. By linearly extrapolating the depths to the 100°C and 200°C isotherms from the calculated gradients and mean ground temperatures, we have found good agreement with the nearby deep‐well data for four holes. Discrepancy is found for two holes, one of which is located near the field of [Formula: see text] mud volcanoes and the other near the volcanic Red Hill, reflecting complicated local hydrologic conditions.

scholarly journals Particle measurement and brine chemistry at the Salton Sea Deep Well

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Robertus ◽  
C.H. Kindle ◽  
R.G. Sullivan ◽  
D.W. Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Salton Sea ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Brine Chemistry ◽  
Particle Measurement

Sensitivity of Full Moment Tensors to Data Preprocessing and Inversion Parameters: A Case Study from the Salton Sea Geothermal Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bentz ◽  
Patricia Martínez‐Garzón ◽  
Grzegorz Kwiatek ◽  
Marco Bohnhoff ◽  
Joerg Renner
Keyword(s):  
Data Preprocessing ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
And Inversion

Field Tests of Organic Additives for Scale Control at the Salton Sea Geothermal Field

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Harrar ◽  
F.E. Locke ◽  
C.H. Otto ◽  
L.E. Lorensen ◽  
S.B. Monaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Silica Precipitation ◽  
Brine Treatment ◽  
Scale Control ◽  
Scale Deposition

Harrar, J.E., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Locke, F.E., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Otto Jr., C.H., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Lorensen, L.E., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Monaco, S.B., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Frey, W.P., Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory Abstract A pilot-size brine handling system was operated from Magmamax Well 1 in southern California to study the characteristics of siliceous scale deposition and to evaluate the possibility of treating the brine with chemical additives to control scaling. The rates of formation, chemical constitution, and morphology of the scales were examined as functions of temperature, brine salinity, substrate material, and antiscalant additive activity. Potential antiscalant compounds were screened using a silica-precipitation inhibition test at 90 deg. C. The most active classes of compounds were those containing polymeric chains of oxyethylene and polymeric nitrogen compounds that are cationic in character. The best single compound was Corcat P-18 TM (Cordova Chemical Co. polyethylene imine, molecular weight 1,800). This compound had no effect on the scale formed at 220 deg. C but it reduced the rates of scaling at 125 and 90 deg. C by factors of 4 and 18, respectively, and it also functioned as a corrosion inhibitor. The best additive formulation for the brines of the Salton Sea Geothermal field (SSGF) appears to be a mixture of an organic silica-precipitation inhibitor, a small amount of hydrochloric acid, and a phosphonate crystalline deposit inhibitor. Introduction Interest in utilizing the geothermal resources of the Imperial Valley in California for the generation of electricity has accelerated rapidly in recent years. One resource in particular, the SSGF, is attractive because of its high temperature and size. Recent estimates of its potential for electrical power generation range between 1,300 and 8,700 MW per year (over a 20-year period). The fluid of this resource, however, is a highly corrosive, high-salinity brine containing several constituents that form deposits of scale on power plant components as the brine is cooled. Economical utilization of the SSGF will require techniques for limiting scaling and corrosion to acceptable levels. Scale deposition control at SSGF is particularly difficult because the scale that forms in the portions of the brine handling equipment operating at low pressures and temperatures (100 to 150 deg. C) is predominantly silica and it deposits at rates approaching 0.2 in./D. (Energy extraction systems in which the brine is flashed and injected at high temperature mitigate this problem, but considerable energy is discarded.) Chemical treatment scheme to retard the low temperature scale have been considered, but until recently there have been no systematic investigations of this approach. In 1976, Owen and coworkers demonstrated effective control of the siliceous scales by acidification of the brine with hydrochloric acid, and this technique has been verified in New Zealand by Rothbaum et al. However, for SSGF brines, acidification has several disadvantages:because concentrations &gt;300 ppm of HCl are required, chemical costs are high;the pH of the brine must be lowered from 6 to 3 for complete scale control, and this sharply increases corrosion rates, andacidification tends to interfere with effluent brine treatment Processes involving sludge-bed reactor clarification. Other methods of scale control such as seeding with a silica sludge and the use of scale adhesion inhibitors also have been examined briefly. In this paper we present the results of tests of organic chemical agents for silica scale control in hypersaline geothermal brines. Prior to this work, virtually no knowledge existed on the types of compounds that would interact with silica under the severe geothermal conditions of high temperature, high ionic strength, and high fluid shear rates. Accordingly, to screen a large number of substances rather rapidly, we designed a small-scale flash system as a brine treatment test apparatus and operated it from SSGF Magmamax Well 1 and Woolsey Well 1. SPEJ P. 17^

3‐D tomographic imaging of the geologic structure in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field

2002 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2389-2389
Author(s):  
Alan W. Meyer ◽  
Lawrence J. Hutchings ◽  
Paul W. Kasameyer
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Tomographic Imaging ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Geologic Structure

Sulfate mineralogy of fumaroles in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field, Imperial County, California

2017 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 15-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Adams ◽  
David K. Lynch ◽  
Kerry N. Buckland ◽  
Patrick D. Johnson ◽  
David M. Tratt
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Salton Sea
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