scholarly journals Gene-enzyme relationships in somatic cells and their organismal derivatives in higher plants. Progress report. [In vitro cultivation of Nicotiana tissues and enzymological studies of gene expression at the cell level]

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Cell Level

Growth, Drug Susceptibility, and Gene Expression Profiling of Plasmodium falciparum Cultured in Medium Supplemented with Human Serum

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshipra Singh ◽  
Ameeta Agarwal ◽  
Shabana I. Khan ◽  
Larry A. Walker ◽  
Babu L. Tekwani
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Human Malaria Parasite ◽  
In Vitro Drug Susceptibility

In vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum has been extremely useful in understanding the biology of the human malaria parasite as well as research on the discovery of new antimalarial drugs and vaccines. A chemically defined serum-free medium supplemented with lipid-rich bovine serum albumin (AlbuMAX I) offers the following advantages over human serum-supplemented media for the in vitro culture of P. falciparum: 1) improved growth profile, with more than a 2-fold higher yield of the parasites at any stage of the growth cycle; 2) suitability for in vitro antimalarial screening, as the parasites grown in AlbuMAX and human serum-supplemented media show similar sensitivity to standard and novel antimalarials as well as natural product extracts in the in vitro drug susceptibility assays; and 3) DNA microarray analysis comparing the global gene expression profile of sorbitol-synchronized P. falciparum trophozoites grown in the 2 different media, indicating minimal differences. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2007:1109-1114)

scholarly journals Establishment of long-term monolayer cultures of somatic cells from human fetal testes and expansion of peritubular myoid cells in the presence of androgen

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Cowan ◽  
Andrew J Childs ◽  
Richard A Anderson ◽  
Philippa T K Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Monolayer Cultures ◽  
The Impact

The somatic (Sertoli cell (SC), Leydig cell (LC), and peritubular myoid (PTM) cell) cells play key roles in development of the fetal testis. We established monolayer cultures from second trimester human testes and investigated the pattern of expression of cell-lineage characteristic mRNAs. Expression of some SC-associated genes (SRY, SOX9, WT1, GATA4, and SF1) was detectable up to and including passage 3 (P3), while others (anti-Müllerian hormone; desert hedgehog) present prior to dissociation were not expressed in the cultured cells. Transcripts encoding the androgen receptor were expressed but addition of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) had no impact on expression of mRNAs expressed in SC or LC. Total concentrations of mRNAs encoding smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and desmin increased from P1 to P3; an increasing proportion of the cells in the cultures were immunopositive for ACTA2 consistent with proliferation/differentiation of PTM cells. In conclusion, somatic cell monolayer cultures were established from human fetal testes; these cultures could form the basis for future studies based on isolation of purified populations of somatic cells and manipulation of gene expression that is difficult to achieve with organ culture systems. Our results suggest that fetal SC do not maintain a fully differentiated phenotype in vitro, yet PTM (ACTA2 positive) cells readily adapt to monolayer culture conditions in the presence of DHT. This culture system provides an opportunity to study the impact of regulatory factors on gene expression in PTM cells, a population thought to play a key role in mediating androgen action within the developing testis.

scholarly journals In Vitro Self-incompatible-like Response Applied for Protein Identification and Gene Expression Analysis in Citrus Cultivars, Banpeiyu and Hyuganatsu

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Yiran Li ◽  
Akiha Abe ◽  
Takuichi Fuse ◽  
Tomonari Hirano ◽  
Yoichiro Hoshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Citrus Maxima ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Copper Zinc

Self-incompatibility (SI) is an important mechanism in higher plants that promotes outcrossing and prevents self-fertilization. ‘Banpeiyu’ (Citrus maxima) and ‘Hyuganatsu’ (Citrus tamurana), two of the Citrus cultivars distributed in Kyusyu, Japan, show gametophytic SI. In this study, we used the Citrus mature pollen culture system and stylar crude protein extracts to simulate compatible (C) and SI responses in ‘Banpeiyu’ pollen tubes. We analyzed the protein changes in pollen tubes with the C- and SI-like treatments by nano-liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS); 14 and 27 proteins were identified in C- and SI-like treatments, respectively. We picked up some candidate genes that were particularly prevalent in SI-like treatment and analyzed their expression level changes during C- and SI-like treatments in ‘Banpeiyu’ and ‘Hyuganatsu’ pollen tubes. The expression levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), manganese SOD (Mn SOD), catalase (CAT), and cysteine protease (CYP) increased after SI-like treatment. We used a fluorescent probe to visualize reactive oxygen species (ROS) level changes in ‘Banpeiyu’ and ‘Hyuganatsu’ pollen tubes after C- and SI-like treatments and found that 2-hour SI-like treatment induced ROS levels to increase in the pollen tubes of both cultivars. These results suggest that an ROS increase could be one of the key phenomena in the SI response of Citrus and that gene expression changes were responses to ROS generation.

Effect of 300 mT static and 50 Hz 0.1 mT extremely low frequency magnetic fields on Tuber borchii mycelium

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1174-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Potenza ◽  
Roberta Saltarelli ◽  
Emanuela Polidori ◽  
Paola Ceccaroli ◽  
Antonella Amicucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tuber Borchii ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Set Up

The present work aimed to investigate whether exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) and extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) can induce biomolecular changes on Tuber borchii hyphal growth. Tuber borchii mycelium was exposed for 1 h for 3 consecutive days to a SMF of 300 mT or an ELF-MF of 0.1 mT 50 Hz. Gene expression and biochemical analyses were performed. In mycelia exposed to ELF-MF, some genes involved in hyphal growth, investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, were upregulated, and the activity of many glycolytic enzymes was increased. On the contrary, no differences were observed in gene expression after exposure to SMF treatment, and only the activities of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and hexokinase increased. The data herein presented suggest that the electromagnetic field can act as an environmental factor in promoting hyphal growth and can be used for applicative purposes, such as the set up of new in vitro cultivation techniques.

scholarly journals Secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures of Siberian medicinal plants: Content, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Irina Milentyeva ◽  
Violeta Le ◽  
Oksana Kozlova ◽  
Natalia Velichkovich ◽  
Anastasiya Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Biosynthetic Activity ◽  
Root Extracts

Introduction. Wild-crafting leads to the local extinction of many medicinal plants that are rich in phenolic substances. In vitro cultivation of cells and organs of higher plants can be the optimal solution to this problem. The research objective was to study the biosynthetic activity of in vitro extracts of wild Siberian plants. Study objects and methods. The study featured callus, cell suspension, and hairy root extracts of such Siberian medicinal plants as Eleutherococcus senticosus, Codonopsis pilosula, Platanthera bifolia, and Saposhnikovia divaricata. They were obtained by in vitro cultivation using modified nutrient media of Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg. The content of secondary metabolites was studied using the methods of thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography. A set of in vitro experiments tested the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Results and discussion. All the samples demonstrated a high content of secondary metabolites of phenolic nature. Flavonoglycosides, apigenin, and rutin were found to be the predominant biologically active substances in the callus extracts. Flavonoglycosides dominated in the suspension extracts. The root extracts contained more caffeic acid, rutin, ecdysteroids, quercetin, apigenin, cardiofolin, and coleofolide than the callus and suspension cultures. The list of prevailing secondary metabolites in the root extracts included rutin, apigenin, coleofolide, and quercetin. All the extracts showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Conclusion. All the extracts demonstrated good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, they can be used for the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active food supplements as they can be helpful against infectious diseases, as well as oncological, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Changes of taxane production and gene expression during the development of in vitro Taxus plant cultures

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Onrubia ◽  
A Gallego ◽  
K Ramírez ◽  
HR Vidal Limon ◽  
RM Cusidó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression
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