scholarly journals The influence of cooling rate on the microstructure of stainless steel alloys

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Elmer
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Steel Alloys

scholarly journals Study on Molten Salt Corrosion Behavior of Several Stainless Steel Alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 1885 (3) ◽  
pp. 032005
Author(s):  
Dandan Men ◽  
Jian Xiong ◽  
Wenyi Peng ◽  
Lingyun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
Salt Corrosion

Development of L12-ordered Ni3(Al,Ti)-strengthened alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 816-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukinori Yamamoto ◽  
Govindarajan Muralidharan ◽  
Michael P. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Alloys

scholarly journals Imaging Hydrogen in Stainless Steel Alloys by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. McNamara ◽  
A. J. Duncan ◽  
M. J. Morgan ◽  
P. S. Korinko
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Contact Potential Difference ◽  
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Contact Potential ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Net Shaping

Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) was used to image austenitic stainless steel (SS) samples (Type 304L) fabricated by the laser engineered net shaping (LENS®) process. The samples were hydrogen charged (H-charged) and subsequently cut and polished. The surface contact potential difference (CPD) of the samples was measured using the KPFM technique, a form of atomic force microscopy. A set of uncharged samples was also studied for reference and changes in the CPD were on the noise level. For H-charged samples fabricated by the LENS® process, the resulting surface potential images show a change in CPD of about 10 – 20mV around cell-like boundaries (5–10 μm in size) and grain boundaries (50–100 μm in size). The significant change in the CPD is affected by variation of the local work function, which indicates the presence of hydrogen. The elemental composition of the LENS® samples was studied using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which showed an increase in the atomic percentage of Cr and a decrease in Ni around the cell-like boundaries. The existence of intercellular ferrite on the sub-grain boundaries may explain the propensity of hydrogen to segregate around these regions. The finer grain structure of LENS® samples compared to that of forged or welded samples suggests that the hydrogen can be dispersed differently throughout this material than in traditionally forged austenitic SS. This study is conducted to elucidate the behavior of hydrogen with respect to the microstructure of additively manufactured stainless steel alloys.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of double-wire feed GTA additive manufactured 308L stainless steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1503-1513
Author(s):  
Yang Ke ◽  
Jun Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Molten Pool ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Steel Component ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wire Feeding ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Wire Feed

Purpose This paper aims to introduce a novel concept of a double-wire feed (DWF) to alleviate heat accumulation and improve the cooling rate of the molten pool in gas tungsten arc (GTA)-based additive manufacturing (AM), in which the former wire is fed into the arc and the latter wire is melt by the molten pool. Design/methodology/approach The microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of 308 L stainless steel components built by single-wire feed (SWF) AM and DWF-AM are compared, and the differences are analyzed in detail. Findings The microstructures for both wire feeding modes include δ and γ phases. Compared with the SWF-AM, the sample fabricated in the DWF-AM exhibits finer microstructure, and the microstructure in the middle region is transformed from columnar grains to cellular grains. Microhardness of the sample produced in the DWF-AM is higher than the SWF-AM. In comparison to the SWF-AM, the tensile strength of the specimen fabricated using the DWF-AM reaches 571 MPa and increases by 16.14%. Originality/value This study proposes a novel concept of the DWF-AM to reduce heat accumulation as well as enhance the cooling rate of the molten pool, and improved mechanical properties of the 308 L stainless steel component are obtained.

scholarly journals Nanotribological behavior of deep cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1760-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Prieto ◽  
Konstantinos D Bakoglidis ◽  
Walter R Tuckart ◽  
Esteban Broitman
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Elastic Limit ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Displacement Control ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
First Time

Cryogenic treatments are increasingly used to improve the wear resistance of various steel alloys by means of transformation of retained austenite, deformation of virgin martensite and carbide refinement. In this work the nanotribological behavior and mechanical properties at the nano-scale of cryogenically and conventionally treated AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel were evaluated. Conventionally treated specimens were subjected to quenching and annealing, while the deep cryogenically treated samples were quenched, soaked in liquid nitrogen for 2 h and annealed. The elastic–plastic parameters of the materials were assessed by nanoindentation tests under displacement control, while the friction behavior and wear rate were evaluated by a nanoscratch testing methodology that it is used for the first time in steels. It was found that cryogenic treatments increased both hardness and elastic limit of a low-carbon martensitic stainless steel, while its tribological performance was enhanced marginally.

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