Arizona electrical energy load management demonstration project. Appendix B

At the Union Electric Meramec power plant in St. Louis, tests in which refuse-derived fuel was co-fired with pulverized coal in a tangential suspension-fired coal boiler have been conducted. Data obtained were used to calculate the megawatt-hours of electrical energy produced by refuse-derived fuel. The experimental method used, the results obtained, and a discussion of these results are presented in this report.

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Demand Side Management Applied to a Sub Station for Energy Conservation

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2021.37110 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (VII) ◽

pp. 3523-3529

Author(s):

M. Anmisha

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Conservation ◽

Power System ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Demand Side Management ◽

Load Management ◽

Demand Side ◽

System Planning ◽

The World ◽

Core Losses

Electrical energy is an essential ingredient for the industrial and all-round development of any country. The per capita consumption of electrical energy is a reliable indicator of a country's state of development. It has been estimated that there are two billion people who still lack electricity today and the world demand in developing countries is doubling every eight years. To meet this ever-growing demand, generating plants of all types are being installed. Unfortunately, the sources of electrical energy are depleting and hence the gap between the supply and the demand is continuously increasing. Under such circumstances the only option left is optimal utilization of available resources. Initially in this direction Load Management and Energy Conservation methods were adopted to overcome the problems. But these two methods concentrate only on the problems faced by supplier alone and do not take into account the problems of consumer. To overcome this problem in 1980's, a concept of DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT has emerged and is being applied throughout the world. The concept of DSM has vital role in power system planning and management. The main idea of DSM technique is to discuss the mutual benefits for both supplier and consumer for minimum inconvenience. DSM is broader in scope than either Load Management or Energy Conversation. The need for Power System Planning and Management has increased enormously today. Resources crunch have made availability of power meagre to meet the demand. Power shortage is not only endemic in India but also in the world. as demand always lags with respect to supply a time factor also plays a role in bridging the gap between demand and supply. To bridge this gap the random load shedding is the usual method adopted by the supplier of electrical energy, which discourages the consumer's interest. To overcome this problem recently the concept of Demand Side Management technique has emerged and is being applied throughout the world. This paper deals with the DSM technique of Resized and Revised operation Schedule taking into consideration the load curve of a transformer. The increase in the energy efficiency of equipment is quantified in terms of Transformer Utilization Factor. A considerable increase in the energy efficiency and reduction in core losses has been observed. The work presented in this project gives the results of application of DSM technique to 33/11 KV substation in Palvancha. It has two incoming transmission lines and one 33KV outgoing transmission line and four 11KV outgoing feeders (Burgampadu, Velur, Nanprolu, Sompally). The study indicates the improvement in the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, the consumer also gets a small savings of reduction in the energy bill due to lowering of core losses/ iron losses.

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