scholarly journals Force-reflecting servomechanisms with signal-transmission time delay

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Transmission Time

Design of Equivalent Sampling Based on Printed Circuit Board Suited for Power Communication System

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 465-471
Author(s):  
Chuan Liu ◽  
Zhi Chao Huang ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Communication System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Clock Signal ◽  
Signal Delay ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Sequential Logic

Many applications in Power communication system have a demand of adjustable transmission time delay of high-speed signal. In sequential logic circuit, the control of transmission time delay of high-speed signal can effectively improve the accuracy of clock sampling, as a result, satisfy the constraints between clock signal and periodic data. A method of equivalent sampling based on printed circuit board (PCB) is provided in the article, it realizes equivalent sampling of the data by fixing a group of clock signal delay, thus, increase the accuracy of sampling.

scholarly journals Influence of Time Delay in Signal Transmission on Synchronization between Two Coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo Neurons

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhen ◽  
Zhenhua Li ◽  
Zigen Song
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Energy Method ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Original System ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Periodic Part ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Error System ◽  
Synchronization Problems

In this paper, the energy method is employed to analytically investigate the influence of time delay in signal transmission on synchronization between two coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neurons. Unlike pre-existing methods that deal with synchronization problems, our major idea is to consider the change rate of the energy of the synchronization error system, since the original system’s synchronization is equivalent to the disappearance of the energy of the error system. In rewriting the original coupled system in the corresponding energy coordinates based on the energy method, we find that the change rate of energy of the error system can be divided into two parts (periodic and non-periodic). The synchronization criterion for the original system can then be obtained by letting the non-periodic part of the change rate of the energy be less than zero. The correctness of the analysis is illustrated with numerical simulations. Our analytical results show that time delay in signal transmission has very significant effects on the synchronization between two FHN neurons. If the time delay in signal transmission is not taken into account in the two coupled FHN neurons, synchronous spikes cannot be achieved in the system for any given coupling strength. By adjusting the value of the time delay in signal transmission, the neural system can freely switch between neural rest and synchronous spikes. This means that time delay in signal transmission is crucial for the occurrence of synchronous spikes in the FHN neural system, which contributes to our understanding of the interaction between neurons. We analytically show the influence of the time delay on the synchronization between two FHN neurons, which was seldom considered by other researchers.

scholarly journals Mobility Impact on MANET Routing Protocols In Grid Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2691-2702
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mir Ali Al-Quzwini ◽  
Zeinab R. Khaleel
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Grid Networks ◽  
Manet Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETS) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that are able to dynamically form a temporary network without any aid from fixed infrastructure or centralized administration due to no wired backbone.Ad Hoc networks are formed spontaneously and the nodes are highly mobile.Thispaper presents performance evaluations, comparisons, andanalysis for three routing protocols (AODV, DSR, and OLSR)to bring out their relative meritsundervarying network size and mobilitywith  various speed and pause times. The simulation is carried out using OMNET++ simulator based on the quantitative basic parameters like throughput, Packet transmission Ratio (PTR),packet transmission time delay and protocol overhead .The  nodes are distributed randomly in a grid network topology and mobile nodes moving using Random Waypoint mobility models. The results demonstrate that, undervarious node speeds and pause timesfor different network size, AODVoutperforms DSR and OLSR protocols, with respect to networkthroughput (by 0.9% and 4.4%, respectively). For protocoloverhead,DSR has lower overhead than both AODV and OLSR protocols (by 13.4% and 65.5%, respectively). In contrast, thepacket transmission time delay when using OLSR is shorter than whenusing both AODV (by 81.7%) and DSR (by 76.7%). 

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