scholarly journals Mechanisms of aging in relationship to steroid biotransformations and the thiobarbituric acid reactive material in rate testicular tissue in vitro

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario H. Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Reactive Material

293 EFFECT OF GUAIAZULENE ON IN VITRO BOVINE EMBRYO PRODUCTION

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dimitriadis ◽  
E. A. Rekka ◽  
E. Vainas ◽  
G. S. Amiridis ◽  
C. A. Rekkas
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Reactive Material

The substrates used in in vitro embryo production (IVP) mimic the in vivo fluids in which oocytes mature, oocytes are fertilized, and the early embryos develop (follicular and oviductal fluid). It is well established that oxidative stress negatively affects in vitro culture (IVC) outcomes. Guaiazulene (G) is a component of chamomile species oil with known antioxidant properties. In the present study, all IVP media were modified by the addition of G solutions so that the former exhibited a total protection against induced lipid peroxidation (TPaLP) similar to that of the respective in vivo environment. The IVP outcomes were then compared between G-processed and control oocytes. Bovine preovulatory follicular (BF) and oviductal (BO) fluid samples were collected from 10 Holstein 4- to 5-year-old cows in estrus. TPaLP was assessed according to the samples' ability to inhibit rat hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation, by determination of the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive material. TPaLP (mean % � SEM) of the BF and BO were 70.63 � 10.03 and 16.33 � 4.33, respectively, whereas those of the IVP [in vitro-matured (IVM), in vitro-fertilized (IVF), and IVC] media were lower (17.94 � 1.66, -1.82 � 0.78, and 14.57 � 1.26, respectively). TPaLP of the 0.1 mM G-modified IVP medium increased to 67.2 � 5.85, 19.98 � 2.49, and 69.19 � 6.22, respectively. A total of 2041 class A oocytes were used. The proportion of cleavage, early embryo development (embryos with more than 4 cells), or both after IVP (18 h IVM–5% CO2 in air, and 18 h IVF, 48 h IVC–5% CO2, 10% O2, 85% N) in the presence of G (n = 1237) during each of the IVP phases or any possible combination of IVP phases was compared with the respective control (C, n = 804). Statistical analysis was performed by a chi-squared test; P < 0.05 was considered significant. G improved cleavage and embryo development rates when present during IVM (79.4 and 57.8% vs. 64.5 and 38.2% for C) or both IVM and IVC (78.0 and 60.7% vs. 57.8 and 36.5%, respectively). When present only during 18 h of IVF, G had no effect on embryo production. However, an increased embryo development rate resulted from the combined exposure to G during IVF and IVM (56.4 vs. 29.6%), during IVF and IVC (55.3 vs. 35.5%), or at all IVP phases (56.6 vs. 34.9%). The latter effect resembled the one obtained after G addition only to the IVC medium (62.5 vs. 39.7%, respectively). We concluded that the addition of G to IVP substrates, at concentrations that mimic the in vivo TPaLP conditions, could promote bovine IVP efficiency.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Cryoprotective Effects of Bone Hydrolysates from Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis) in Freeze-Thawed Fish Fillets

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Yiqi Zhang ◽  
Ye Dong ◽  
Zhiyuan Dai
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Aristichthys Nobilis ◽  
Fish Fillets

Bone hydrolysates from bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) were prepared using Protamex and Alcalase with degrees of hydrolysis (DH) of 5%, 10% and 15%. The antioxidant activity of bone hydrolysates was evaluated in vitro and then the hydrolysates with better antioxidant activity were used to immerse bighead carp fillets through a vacuum impregnation process at concentrations of 1% and 2%. Among the six hydrolysates, fish bone hydrolyzed with Protamex at DH 10% exhibited the highest ability to scavenge 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (88.79%), 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) (57.76%) and hydroxyl radicals (62.72%), as well as to chelate ferrous ions (91.46%). The hydrolysates effectively postponed freezing- and thawing-induced protein/lipid oxidation. Compared with the fillets without treatment, the impregnated fillets had higher sulfhydryl contents, greater Ca2+-ATPase activity, lower carbonyls and lower thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Bone hydrolysates also have a positive effect on the texture and water-holding ability of freeze-thawed fish fillets. Fish bone hydrolysates of Protamex could serve as potential antioxidants to preserve fish fillets.

scholarly journals The Effect of Carnosol, Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid on the Oxidative Stability of Fat-Filled Milk Powders throughout Accelerated Oxidation Storage

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Katerina Tzima ◽  
Nigel P. Brunton ◽  
Noel A. McCarthy ◽  
Kieran N. Kilcawley ◽  
David T. Mannion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The in vitro antioxidant effects of the most potent antioxidants of rosemary, namely carnosol, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid (c: ca: ra) were assessed in fat-filled milk powders (FFMPs) under accelerated conditions (40 °C and relative humidity (RH) 23%) over 90 days. Lipid oxidation was assessed in FFMPs by measuring peroxide values (PVs), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and aroma volatiles using headspace (HS) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant potency of c: ca: ra exhibited a concentration-related effect (308 ppm > 200 ppm > 77 ppm), with the highest concentration being the most effective at controlling the formation of TBARS and PVs. At a concentration of 308 ppm c: ca: ra were particularly effective (p < 0.05) in inhibiting all the evaluated oxidation indices (primary and secondary) compared to the control samples, but in some cases less effectively (p < 0.05) than butylated hydroxyanisole: butylated hydroxytoluene (BHA: BHT) (200 ppm).

scholarly journals The Expression Levels and Cellular Localization of Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF) in Mouse Testis: Its Possible Involvement in the Differentiation of Spermatogonial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Noy Bagdadi ◽  
Alaa Sawaied ◽  
Ali AbuMadighem ◽  
Eitan Lunenfeld ◽  
Mahmoud Huleihel
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor

Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional secretory soluble glycoprotein that belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family. It was reported to have neurotrophic, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activity. Recently, PEDF was found in testicular peritubular cells and it was assumed to be involved in the avascular nature of seminiferous tubules. The aim of this study was to determine the cellular origin, expression levels and target cells of PEDF in testicular tissue of immature and adult mice under physiological conditions, and to explore its possible role in the process of spermatogenesis in vitro. Using immunofluorescence staining, we showed that PEDF was localized in spermatogenic cells at different stages of development as well as in the somatic cells of the testis. Its protein levels in testicular homogenates and Sertoli cells supernatant showed a significant decrease with age. PEDF receptor (PEDF-R) was localized within the seminiferous tubule cells and in the interstitial cells compartment. Its RNA expression levels showed an increase with age until 8 weeks followed by a decrease. RNA levels of PEDF-R showed the opposite trend of the protein. Addition of PEDF to cultures of isolated cells from the seminiferous tubules did not changed their proliferation rate, however, a significant increase was observed in number of meiotic/post meiotic cells at 1000 ng/mL of PEDF; indicating an in vitro differentiation effect. This study may suggest a role for PEDF in the process of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals A Green Enzymatic Extraction Optimization and Oxidative Stability of Krill Oil from Euphausia Superba

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Fu Yang ◽  
Minghao Zhang ◽  
Jikai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Euphausia Superba ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Krill Oil ◽  
Tbars Values ◽  
Turbidity Increase

Krill oil enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids is in the form of phospholipid. However, its application as a dietary supplement is limited, because of its rapid deterioration. Thus, this study aims to investigate the oxidative stability of krill oil extracted from Euphausia superba. Under optimal conditions (enzyme concentration 0.16%, enzymolysis time 2.9 h, and enzymolysis temperature of 45 °C) designed by response surface methodology, the extraction yield of krill oil is 86.02%. Five assays, including peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), pH value, and turbidity were used to determine the oxidative stability of krill oil nanoliposomes during storage. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) nanoliposomes showed a significant reduction in POV and TBARS values, a prevention of pH value decrease and turbidity increase. This study indicated that CMCS nanoliposome can effectively improve the oxidative stability of krill oil during storage. Furthermore, the release profile in vitro illustrated that the controlled release of krill oil carried out by CMCS nanoliposomes is feasible.

Bitter Melon Protects Against Lipid Peroxidation Caused by Immobilization Stress in Albino Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Protective Effects

In the present study, protective effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract on lipid peroxidation induced by immobilization stress in rats have been assessed. Graded doses of extract (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to rats subjected to immobilization stress for two hours for seven consecutive days. Stress was applied by keeping the rats in a cage where no movement was possible. After seven days, rats were killed by decapitation after ether anesthesia. Blood and liver were collected to measure thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione, and catalase. In vitro effects of M. charantia extract on lipid peroxidation in liver homogenate of normal, control, and rats pretreated with extract were carried out against cumene hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation. Results reveal that in vivo M. charantia inhibited stress-induced lipid peroxidation by increasing the levels of reduced glutathione and activities of catalase. These results were further supported by in vitro results. In vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation was indicated by low levels of thiobarbituric acid in the liver homogenate from pretreated rats and normal rats when incubated with both cumene hydroperoxide and extract. Inhibition was also noted in the homogenate where the rats were pretreated but the mixture contained no extract. Thus this plant provides protection by strengthening the antioxidants like reduced glutathione and catalase. Inclusion of this plant in the daily diet would be beneficial.

scholarly journals Inhibition of in vitro macrophage-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation by thyroid compounds

2003 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Oziol ◽  
P Faure ◽  
N Bertrand ◽  
P Chomard
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Redox Systems

Oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) are highly suspected of initiating the atherosclerosis process. Thyroid hormones and structural analogues have been reported to protect LDL from lipid peroxidation induced by Cu2+ or the free radical generator 2,2'-azobis-'2-amidinopropane' dihydrochloride in vitro. We have examined the effects of thyroid compounds on macrophage-induced LDL oxidation. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (differentiated U937 cells) were incubated for 24 h with LDL and different concentrations (0-20 microM) of 3,5,3'-triiodo-l -thyronine (T3), 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (T4), 3,3',5'-tri-iodo-l -thyronine (rT3), the T3 acetic derivative (3,5,3'-tri-iodothyroacetic acid; TA3) or L-thyronine (T0) (experiment 1). Cells were also preincubated for 24 h with 1 or 10 microM of the compounds, washed twice, then incubated again for 24 h with LDL (experiment 2). Oxidation was evaluated by measurement of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and cell viability by lactate deshydrogenase release. In experiment 1, T0 had no effect, whereas the other compounds decreased LDL TBARS production, but T3 and TA3 were less active than T4 and rT3 (IC50: 11.0 +/- 2.6 and 8.1 +/- 0.8 vs 1.4 +/- 0.5 and 0.9 +/- 0.3 microM respectively). In experiment 2, the compounds at 1 microM had no effect; at 10 microM, T3 and rT3 slightly reduced LDL TBARS production, whereas TA3 and T4 inhibited it by about 50% and 70% respectively. TBARS released by the cells were also highly decreased by T3, T4, rT3 and TA3 in experiment 1, but only by T3 (30%) and T4 (70%) in experiment 2. Cell viability was not affected by the compounds except slightly by TA3 at 10 microM. The data suggested that the physico-chemical antioxidant capacity of thyroid compounds was modulated by their action on the intracellular redox systems of macrophage. Overall cellular effects of T3 led to a reduction of its antioxidant capacity whereas those of T4 increased it. Thus T4 might protect LDL against cellular oxidation in vivo more than T3.

Synthetic surfactant scavenges oxidants and protects against hyperoxic lung injury

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1217-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ghio ◽  
P. J. Fracica ◽  
S. L. Young ◽  
C. A. Piantadosi
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Cetyl Alcohol ◽  
Synthetic Surfactant ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Hyperoxic Lung Injury ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Artificial Surfactant

Injury and mortality after exposure to 100% oxygen can be diminished by surfactants that may operate by mechanisms other than those responsible for surface tension effects. We tested the hypotheses that 1) synthetic surfactant and its components function as antioxidants in vitro and 2) decrements in hyperoxic injury after treatment with a surfactant and its components are associated with decreases in oxidative stress to the lung. A synthetic surfactant (Exosurf) and its non-surface-active components tyloxapol and cetyl alcohol were incubated in an iron-containing hydroxyl radical-generating system to determine their abilities to prevent oxidation of deoxyribose. Doses of tyloxapol, cetyl alcohol, and artificial surfactant diminished the absorbance of thiobarbituric acid-reactive products of deoxyribose. Similarly, tyloxapol, cetyl alcohol, and the surfactant decreased hydroxylated products of salicylate in the same system. Rats were instilled intratracheally with saline, tyloxapol, tyloxapol plus cetyl alcohol, or artificial surfactant and immediately exposed to air or 100% oxygen. After 61 h of oxygen exposure, pleural fluid volume and wet-to-dry lung weight ratios were decreased in animals treated with surfactant and/or its components. There were also decrements in thiobarbituric acid-reactive products of lung tissue. In separate experiments, mean survival of saline-treated rats exposed to 100% oxygen was 67.3 +/- 8.1 h and > 96 h for rats given the surfactant or its components. We conclude that tyloxapol, cetyl alcohol, and Exosurf can function as antioxidants in vitro and their in vivo instillation is associated with reduction in measures of hyperoxic injury, oxidized tissue products, and mortality.

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