scholarly journals Near-surface velocity modeling at Yucca Mountain using borehole and surface records from underground nuclear explosions

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Durrani ◽  
M.C. Walck
Keyword(s):  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Velocity Modeling ◽  
Nuclear Explosions

scholarly journals Rapid clay precipitation in explosion-induced fractures

Geology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1176-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Swanson ◽  
Aviva Sussman ◽  
Jennifer Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Nuclear Waste Storage ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Fracture Opening ◽  
Chemical Explosions ◽  
Induced Fractures

Abstract Fractures within the earth control rock strength and fluid flow, but their dynamic nature is not well understood. As part of a series of underground chemical explosions in granite in Nevada, we collected and analyzed microfracture density data sets prior to, and following, individual explosions. Our work shows an ∼4-fold increase in both open and filled microfractures following the explosions. Based on the timing of core retrieval, filling of some new fractures occurs in as little as 6 wk after fracture opening under shallow (<100 m) crustal conditions. These results suggest that near-surface fractures may fill quite rapidly, potentially changing permeability on time scales relevant to oil, gas, and geothermal energy production; carbon sequestration; seismic cycles; and radionuclide migration from nuclear waste storage and underground nuclear explosions.

Near-surface full-waveform inversion in a transmission surface-consistent scheme

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-57
Author(s):  
Daniele Colombo ◽  
Ernesto Sandoval ◽  
Diego Rovetta ◽  
Apostolos Kontakis
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Waveform Inversion ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Full Waveform Inversion ◽  
Velocity Mapping ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Velocity Modeling ◽  
Full Waveform

Land seismic velocity modeling is a difficult task largely related to the description of the near surface complexities. Full waveform inversion is the method of choice for achieving high-resolution velocity mapping but its application to land seismic data faces difficulties related to complex physics, unknown and spatially varying source signatures, and low signal-to-noise ratio in the data. Large parameter variations occur in the near surface at various scales causing severe kinematic and dynamic distortions of the recorded wavefield. Some of the parameters can be incorporated in the inversion model while others, due to sub-resolution dimensions or unmodeled physics, need to be corrected through data preconditioning; a topic not well described for land data full waveform inversion applications. We have developed novel algorithms and workflows for surface-consistent data preconditioning utilizing the transmitted portion of the wavefield, signal-to-noise enhancement by generation of CMP-based virtual super shot gathers, and robust 1.5D Laplace-Fourier full waveform inversion. Our surface-consistent scheme solves residual kinematic corrections and amplitude anomalies via scalar compensation or deconvolution of the near surface response. Signal-to-noise enhancement is obtained through the statistical evaluation of volumetric prestack responses at the CMP position, or virtual super (shot) gathers. These are inverted via a novel 1.5D acoustic Laplace-Fourier full waveform inversion scheme using the Helmholtz wave equation and Hankel domain forward modeling. Inversion is performed with nonlinear conjugate gradients. The method is applied to a complex structure-controlled wadi area exhibiting faults, dissolution, collapse, and subsidence where the high resolution FWI velocity modeling helps clarifying the geological interpretation. The developed algorithms and automated workflows provide an effective solution for massive full waveform inversion of land seismic data that can be embedded in typical near surface velocity analysis procedures.

Near-surface velocity modeling using a combined inversion of surface and refracted P-waves

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 946-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Duret ◽  
Frederique Bertin ◽  
Katia Garceran ◽  
Raphael Sternfels ◽  
Thomas Bardainne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Velocity ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Velocity Modeling

Seismic-airborne TEM joint inversion for near-surface velocity modeling in a complex wadi

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Colombo ◽  
Diego Rovetta ◽  
Ersan Turkoglu ◽  
Gary McNeice ◽  
Ernesto Sandoval Curiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Inversion ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Velocity Modeling

scholarly journals Physics-Based Relationship for Pore Pressure and Vertical Stress Monitoring Using Seismic Velocity Variations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2684
Author(s):  
Eldert Fokker ◽  
Elmer Ruigrok ◽  
Rhys Hawkins ◽  
Jeannot Trampert
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Seismic Velocities ◽  
Stress Monitoring ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Velocity Variations ◽  
Velocity Changes

Previous studies examining the relationship between the groundwater table and seismic velocities have been guided by empirical relationships only. Here, we develop a physics-based model relating fluctuations in groundwater table and pore pressure with seismic velocity variations through changes in effective stress. This model justifies the use of seismic velocity variations for monitoring of the pore pressure. Using a subset of the Groningen seismic network, near-surface velocity changes are estimated over a four-year period, using passive image interferometry. The same velocity changes are predicted by applying the newly derived theory to pressure-head recordings. It is demonstrated that the theory provides a close match of the observed seismic velocity changes.

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