scholarly journals Dialogs by Yuri V. Dublyansky regarding ``Fluid inclusion studies of calcite veins from Yucca Mountain, Nevada, tuffs: Environment of formation``. Special report number 15, Contract number 94/96.0003

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusion ◽  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Special Report ◽  
Calcite Veins

scholarly journals LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and geochemical characterization of oil inclusion-bearing calcite cements: Constraints on primary oil migration in lacustrine mudstone source rocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Su ◽  
Honghan Chen ◽  
Yue-xing Feng ◽  
Jian-xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusion ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Homogenization Temperature ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Oil Migration ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Migration Event

To date, few isotope age constraints on primary oil migration have been reported. Here we present U-Pb dating and characterization of two fracture-filling, oil inclusion-bearing calcite veins hosted in the Paleocene siliciclastic mudstone source rocks in Subei Basin, China. Deposition age of the mudstone formation was estimated to be ca. 60.2−58.0 Ma. The first vein consists of two major phases: a microcrystalline-granular (MG) calcite phase, and a blocky calcite phase, each showing distinctive petrographic features, rare earth element patterns, and carbon and oxygen isotope compositions. The early MG phase resulted from local mobilization of host carbonates, likely associated with disequilibrium compaction over-pressuring or tectonic extension, whereas the late-filling blocky calcite phase was derived from overpressured oil-bearing fluids with enhanced fluid-rock interactions. Vein texture and fluorescence characteristics reveal at least two oil expulsion events, the former represented by multiple bitumen veinlets postdating the MG calcite generation, and the latter marked by blue-fluorescing primary oil inclusions synchronous with the blocky calcite cementation. The MG calcite yields a laser ablation−inductively coupled plasma−mass spectrometry U-Pb age of 55.6 ± 1.4 Ma, constraining the earliest timing of the early oil migration event. The blocky calcite gives a younger U-Pb age of 47.8 ± 2.3 Ma, analytically indistinguishable from the U-Pb age of 46.5 ± 1.7 Ma yielded by the second calcite vein. These two ages define the time of the late oil migration event, agreeing well with the age estimate of 49.7−45.2 Ma inferred from fluid-inclusion homogenization temperature and published burial models. Thermodynamic modeling shows that the oil inclusions were trapped at ∼27.0−40.9 MPa, exceeding corresponding hydrostatic pressures (23.1−26.7 MPa), confirming mild-moderate overpressure created by oil generation-expulsion. This integrated study combining carbonate U-Pb dating and fluid-inclusion characterization provides a new approach for reconstructing pressure-temperature-composition-time points in petroleum systems.

Application of combined fluid-inclusion and clumped isotope thermometry to biogenic and inorganic carbonates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen van der Lubbe ◽  
Cas Nooitgedacht ◽  
Philip Staudigel ◽  
Martin Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusion ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Calcium Carbonates ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Exchange ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Clumped Isotope

<p>Biogenic and inorganic carbonates are widely used to reconstruct past temperatures and fluid compositions. For decades, calcification temperatures have been inferred from oxygen isotope composition (δ<sup>18</sup>O) of calcium carbonates (CaCO­<sub>3</sub>) assuming the δ<sup>18</sup>O of the parental fluid and isotopic equilibrium precipitation conditions. The development of the clumped isotope (Δ<sub>47</sub>) thermometer allows for reconstructing equilibrium calcification temperatures without requiring a priori knowledge of the water δ<sup>18</sup>O values.</p><p>Carbonate minerals can also contain several weight percentages of water, which are typically trapped within microscopic pores. These fluid-inclusions may preserve remnants of the parental fluid, which can be analyzed for the δ<sup>18</sup>O as well as hydrogen isotopic (δ<sup>2</sup>H) composition. Subsequently, the δ<sup>18</sup>O of fluid-inclusion and host carbonate may allow for the determination of paleotemperatures by providing constraint on the δ<sup>18</sup>O water value.</p><p>Reasonable equilibrium temperatures can be obtained for speleothem calcites from cave systems. On the contrary, anomalously high temperatures are derived from δ<sup>18</sup>O fluid-inclusion and calcite pairs in soil carbonates possibly suggesting diffusion of trapped water from host CaCO<sub>3</sub>. Deeply-buried and subsequently exhumed (inorganic) calcite veins have yielded discrepant paleotemperature estimates between fluid-inclusion and Δ<sub>47</sub> thermometers. The distinctly lower fluid-inclusion derived temperatures might be attributed to kinetic fraction during initial vein cementation and/or isotopic re-equilibration between fluid-inclusions and CaCO<sub>3</sub> at lower temperatures during uplift.</p><p>Heating experiments demonstrate that the oxygen isotope exchange between fluid inclusions and host carbonate is limited for inorganic calcite and aragonite at high temperatures (175<sup>o</sup>C) for short timescales (90 minutes). In contrast, considerable positive shifts in the δ<sup>18</sup>O of fluid inclusions have been recorded in biogenic aragonites during experimental heating, which coincide with lower carbonate δ<sup>18</sup>O values (albeit to a lesser extent due to the overwhelming amount of oxygen in the CaCO<sub>3</sub>), indicative of re-equilibration between host carbonate and pore fluids. This effect leads to apparently high equilibrium temperatures. In conjunction, the Δ<sub>47</sub> derived temperatures do not change significantly after heating of inorganic aragonite, whereas a considerable higher Δ<sub>47</sub> temperature is derived from aragonitic bivalve samples after heating. The positive shift in both thermometers has interpreted to reflect re-crystallization of CaCO<sub>3</sub> and isotopic re-equilibration between the host carbonate and fluid-inclusions. This exchange might be facilitated by extremely small fluid-inclusions present in biogenic carbonates and/or water associated with organic substances.</p><p>Importantly, these isotopic exchange processes in biogenic aragonites took place in the absence of an external fluid and below the temperature thresholds for solid-state-reordering and the aragonite-to-calcite transition. The novel application of combined fluid-inclusion and clumped isotope thermometry has a proven utility in determining equilibrium precipitation temperatures, monitoring preservation of the primary fluid-inclusions and re-crystallization processes during diagenesis. However, additional experiments and analytical improvements are needed to further constrain the diagenetic behavior of this proxy.</p><p> </p>

Fluid-inclusion evidence of basinal brines in Archean basement, Thunder Bay Pb–Zn–Ba district, Ontario, Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1884-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusion ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mississippi Valley ◽  
Thunder Bay ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Archean Basement ◽  
Liquid Vapor

Fluid inclusions from three quartz–galena–sphalerite–barite–calcite veins in the Thunder Bay district of western Ontario contain liquid + vapor ± halite and homogenize by vapor disappearance or halite dissolution at temperatures of 90–200 °C. Cyclically frozen, liquid + vapor (type I) inclusions undergo four melting events upon gradual warming (initial melting at −55 to −46 °C; ice disappearance at −30.2 to −25.4 °C; inversion of hydrohalite to halite at −8.0 to 0.7 °C; and halite melting at 14.0 to 56.3 °C. Liquid + vapor + halite (type II) inclusions behave similarly but have higher Tm ice (−27.2 to −21.7 °C) and Tm halite (105–203 °C). Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis of fluid-inclusion-derived decrepitates indicate that the solutes consist of NaCl > CaCl2 [Formula: see text] KCl and are consistent with the low-temperature phase observations in that they define two distinct populations based on CaCl2/(CaCl2 + NaCl) ratios.The temperatures and compositional trends defined by the inclusion results are similar to those documented for basinal brines and from fluid inclusions in Mississippi Valley type ore deposits. The Thunder Bay veins cross the basal unconformity of the Middle Proterozoic Sibley basin and extend into Archean basement granites, such that the fluid inclusions results provide direct evidence that basinal waters infiltrated basement rock in western Ontario. The inclusion fluids and associated mineralization are thought to result either from dewatering of the Sibley basin during Keweenaw age rifting or from the introduction of exotic Paleozoic basinal waters when the Michigan basin extended over the region.

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